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Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.1 Basic information on Serdang District, Subang Jaya City

Basic information about Serdang District is as follows.

Target area Serdang District, Subang Jaya City

Population 14,360

Area 0.31 km2

Regional characteristics

Urban area

Major industries Academic institutions

Major biomass sources

Food waste Cooking oil waste Landscaping waste (pruned

branches, etc.)

Serdang (UPM) is 20km south of Kuala Lumpur, 30km north of KL Airport

UPM

UPM

Selangor Province

Serdang District

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.2 Organizing the planning body

The Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) took its initiative to establish a local committee to formulate Biomass Town for Serdang District. Subang Jaya City governing the District. Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) located in the district and the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) joined the local committee. MARDI is a sub-agency of the Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry that was a member of the local committee.

Local Committee

University/Research Institutions

Local government

Involved parties in the community

Central Government

Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI; Sub-Agency of Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry)

Subang Jaya City

Food stalls, and restaurant owners and operators in the region

Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG)

Background of organizing the planning body

Subang Jaya City: Highly Interested in composting of food waste, and aimed to improve local environment in cooperation with UPM, located next to the Serdang District.

UPM: Interested in applying its technologies for the environmental policies of the local municipality.

MHLG: Interested in developing a pilot area for recycling based society, with the background of landfill shortage and slow progress on recycling.

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.3 Regional situations and issues

The members of the local committee aimed to develop a pilot area for recycling based society, based on technologies developed by the local university.

Regional Issues Regional needs to solve issues by utilizing biomass

With the landfill shortage resulting from the country’s rapid economic growth, the development of recycling-based society utilizing biomass is a national issue.

There is not system to collect waste regularly and collect separated food waste.

Applying the local university’s biomass conversion technologies, and appealing biomass utilization methods and their effectiveness as models for recycling-based society.

Implementing biomass utilization projects (composting and BDF purifying) using food and agricultural biomass generated in urban area, to create sustainable system from collection to final use of biomass.

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.4 Available amount and utilization status of major biomass

The amount of major available biomass and state of utilization in Serdang District are as below.

Category of biomass Type

Available biomass

(tones/year) Conversion/treatment methods Recycled/treated

products Utilization ratio (%)

Agricultural waste Vegetables 5 Landfill/Vermicomposting - Small

Plants 20 Landfill - 0

Cassava - - - -

Palm 950 Nutrient recycling - 0

Sugarcane - - - -

Jatropha - - - -

Livestock waste Cattle 90 Composting Compost 10% Horse 85 Composting Compost 10% Chickens - - - -

Pigs - - - -

Goats and Sheep 36 Verimicomposting Compost 15%

Laying chickens - - - -

Ducks - - - -

Municipal organic waste

Food waste 9,000 Landfill Biogas Small

Fallen leaves and branches 160 Vermicomposting Compost Small

Cooking oil waste 15 Recycle/Reuse Biodiesel Small

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.5 State of existing biomass facilities

Existing biomass utilization facilities in the target area are producing biodiesel fuel from cooking oil waste, and composting using food waste.

A pilot-scale facility for composting and liquid fertilizer production exists as collaborative research project between UPM and MARDI located within the target area.

Intermediate treatment facility for the recycling of cooking oil waste

Private company CGV Industry collects and pre-treats cooking oil waste to be sold to a BDF purifying company.

Cooking oil waste from restaurants and hotels is collected through the cooperation of nine local governments including Subang Jaya City, which governs Serdang District.

Blue plastic drums are provided to restaurants and hotels, and CGV Industry pays and collects waste oil once a week.

Collection capacity: 6-7 tones/day

cooking oil waste

collection tank

Composting facility of food waste

A food recycling project is implemented by Subang Jaya City playing a central role.

Cooking waste and leftover are separated and collected from four food courts, to produce compost at other composting facility.

Treatment capacity is 500 kg/day (250kg/day x 2 units) to produce approximately 2 tones of compost a month.

Composting facility

Bio-compost testing facility

A testing composting facility located at UPM uses food waste, sewage sludge and palm oil production residue such as residues of bunches harvested fruits and waste sludge reservoirs (WSR) of palm oil .

Treatment capacity: 1 tone/day Compost is sold at shop of the university.

Secondary

fermentation process

Practical use Research phase

Vermicomposting facility

A testing facility located at UPM produces compost using vermiculture.

Product is used as compost at university fields.

Vermicompost

Liquid fertilizer manufacturing equipment

Liquid fertilizer manufacturing equipment was installed at laboratory of MARDI.

Equipment uses the WSR and residues of bunches harvested fruits that is generated during the palm oil production, and produces liquid fertilizer.

Liquid fertilizer manufacturing

equipment

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.6 Objectives of the Plan

The major objectives of the Biomass Town Plan in Serdang District are to find solutions for regional environmental issues, and to create a model for other regions.

Establish system for proper waste management in Serdang District through biomass utilization, and resolve the region’s environmental issues (water quality, air pollution, etc.)

Create a model of Biomass Town utilizing major biomass in Malaysia (food waste from urban area, cooking oil waste, and palm residue, etc.).

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.7 Basic policies for biomass utilization Serdang District’s Biomass Town Plan aims to establish local system collecting separated

waste which is provided to utilization facility at UPM as biomass. The Plan also aims to serve as a model for suburban city to expand Biomass Town Concept to other regions in Malaysia.

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.8 Overview of each basic policy

The major projects in Serdang District’s Biomass Town Plan are summarized below. The Plan aims to promote more biomass utilization by treating unused biomass generated within the region, using already established palm residue treatment technologies.

Projects are implemented through collaboration with university having technical know-how, agricultural research institute, and municipality in charge of dissemination/education for local residents and unused biomass collection. Project Target biomass Overview

Composting (at UPM)

Palm residue, food waste, sewage sludge

Expand the existing palm residue composting system and consider to mix the palm residue with food waste and sewage sludge generated within the region.

Carbonization (at UPM)

Palm residue, pruned branches and other landscaping waste

Expand the existing palm residue carbonization system and consider to mix the palm residue with landscaping waste generated within the region.

Biogas (at UPM)

Food waste and sewage sludge

Produce biogas made from food waste and sewage sludge to provide electricity for the neighborhood around the facility. In addition the future plan of using digestive juice as liquid fertilizer is under consideration.

Biofuel Cooking oil waste Introduce BDF production and utilization system collecting cooking oil waste from households, shops, and food stalls, with local municipality leading the promotion activities. Private businesses presently collect cooking oil waste from large-scale shops, however the new system aims to utilize the unused cooking oil waste from households, small-scale shop and food stalls.

Vermicomposting Food waste (vegetable peelings, etc.)

Newly develop the vermicomposting system using food waste generated in markets.

Biogas (at the markets)

Food waste (fish scraps, meat processing residue)

Produce biogas using food waste with high moisture content in markets, to provide electricity for the neighborhood around the facility. In addition the future plan of using digestive juice as a liquid fertilizer is under consideration.

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.9 Dissemination and education in the local community

The local committee held many awareness campaigns, workshops, and other events to encourage the stakeholders of the region to participate in developing the Biomass Town Plan.

Display of compost and other products

Compost model and poster display

Panel discussion

Awareness campaign (January 5th, 2012) With the support of MHLG, the awareness campaign was co-hosted by Subang Jaya City, UPM, and MARDI. Approximately 100 people within and outside of the region participated in the campaign at UPM auditorium. Exhibits outside the auditorium featured poster displays, a composting facility model, composting equipment and compost.

Workshops and other events (March 16th-17th, 2012) The workshop was held on March 16th to release an interim report on the Biomass Town Plan. Approximately 80 people from the related ministries, neighboring local governments, universities and research institutions participated. A promotional event was also held for local residents of Serdang District on March 17th. Exhibits included biomass products and home composting displays, and approximately 500 local residents participated.

Opening ceremony

Introduction to home composting Cooking oil waste

recycling display

Presentation of the plan

Panel discussion

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Part 3: Biomass Town Plans Supported by MAFF in Four ASEAN Countries 3.4 Biomass Town Plan: Serdang District, Subang Jaya City, Malaysia 3.4.10 Future challenges

Ministries involved in the formulation of the Plan at Serdang District are considering to incorporate biomass utilization policies into a national policy, to promote and disseminate Biomass Town Concept, and to develop pilot areas with different characteristics.

Incorporating utilization policies of biomass other than palm waste biomass into the National Biomass Strategy

– MHLG takes action to incorporate the utilization strategy of municipal solid waste into the National Biomass Policy 2011-2020 as well as palm oil pressing biomass utilization strategy.

Promoting Biomass Town Concept at environmental events and distributing brochures and leaflets

– Publicizing and disseminating experiences at Serdang District, in the form of brochures and leaflets, and by holding various environmental events over the country.

Formulating the Biomass Town Plans in other regions.

– Malaysian government is considering to formulate the Biomass Town Plan for Puchong District as the next Biomass Town. The objectives are introduction of a composting facility of pruned branches, fallen leaves and development of utilization system where stakeholders of the region cooperate to collect and convert biomass, and sell biomass-derived products. Experiences of Serdang District can help Puchong District since biomass types generated in the two districts are similar.