BIOMASS ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS … · 9/21/2012 · Biomass Power – Some...
Transcript of BIOMASS ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS … · 9/21/2012 · Biomass Power – Some...
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BIOMASS ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS IN CALIFORNIA
Sierra Nevada Alliance
Sept. 21, 2012
Tad Mason, TSS
!
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Presentation Overview
Introduction
What is Biomass Woody Biomass
Utilization Conversion Technologies
– Combustion
– Gasification
Advantages/Societal Bendfits
Community Scale Project Example
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What is Biomass?
Biomass – any solid, nonhazardous, cellulosic material derived from: forest-related resources, solid wood wastes, agricultural wastes, and plants grown exclusively as a fuel.*
*based on the definition of biomass per the Federal Energy Act of
2005.
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Woody Biomass Utilization
Lumber products, composite panels, pulp Soil amendments Densified fuel pellets Animal Bedding Landscape cover Biofuels (ethanol, renewable diesel) Biomass power (generation or cogeneration)
A variety of value-added end uses have evolved over time – Some are commercially proven and some are still in the RD & D Phases.
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Biomass Power – Some Rules of Thumb
1 MW (1,000 kW) is enough power for 800 to 1,000 homes.
Biomass fuel is purchased on a Bone Dry Ton basis.
Typical amount of biomass recovered during fuels treatment is 10-14BDT/acre.
Typical “burn rate” for a biopower facility is 1 BDT/MW hr.
10MW biopower plant consumes 10 BDT/hr.
Biopower facilities are designed to operate 24/7 and deliver baseload power. Power utilities purchase the power under LT contracts.
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Abreviated History of the California Biomass Power Sector
PURPA 1978
Market response – 60 new bipower plants.
Power contract buyouts.
Currently 33 biopower plants, 28 operating.
RPS – 33% renewable by 2020.
Feed in tariff program.
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Renewable Portfolio Standard Policies.. www.dsireusa.org / September 2012.
29 states,+ Washington DC and 2
territories,have Renewable Portfolio
Standards (8 states and 2 territories have
renewable portfolio goals).
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Current Combustion Technology
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Burney Forest Power 31 MW CHP at Burney, CA
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Small Scale Combustion
3.5 MMBtu/hr Advanced Recycling
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Gasification
Air Intake
Biochar
Heat
Feedstock
Gas
Syngas Capture
Updraft
Downdraft
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Community Power Corp Gasifier - 12.5 KW, Philippines
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Community Power Corp BioMax 50 kWh CHP at Dixon Ridge Walnut Farm, Winters, CA
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Phoenix Technologies Biomass 500 kWh Gasification Unit at Merced, CA
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Community Scale Biopower Facility Example
1 MW project being considered at North Fork, California.
New plant construction cost = $4 to $5 million. Consumes about 23 BDT/day (about 1BDT/MW/hour
burn rate). Biomass transported about 30 miles (maybe farther). Delivered biomass fuel cost at $45 to $60 per BDT Average electrical energy production cost ~ $0.14 - $0.16/kWh
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Advantages of Biomass Power
Generation
Provides baseload renewable energy (24/7) on a cost effective basis.
Has numerous societal benefits: - Supports hazardous fuels reduction and healthy forests - Provides employment (4.9 jobs/MW) - Greenhouse gas reduction displacing fossil fuels - Reduces waste material destined for landfills - Net improvement in air quality
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Improving Air Quality
Diagram courtesy of Placer County Air Pollution Control District
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Biomass Project Air Benefits
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
Pile
Bur
n
Bio
mas
s to
Ene
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Pile
Bur
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Biom
ass
toEn
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Pile
Bur
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Biom
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Bur
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Bio
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s to
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Emis
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s (lb
)
Biomass BoilerBiomass ChippingBiomass TransportOpen Pile Burn
NOxPM-10 CO VOC
1,000,000
99% 99% 60% 97%
Results from biomass energy project that processed 6,800 BDT biomass from thinning project on USFS Tahoe National Forest American River District
Criteria Air Pollutants
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Posi9ve Effects of Fuel Treatments
Fire
Un-thinned
Thinned
Cone Wildfire, Lassen National Forest, Sept 2002
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Tad Mason, CEO TSS Consultants
2724 Kilgore Road Rancho Cordova, CA 95670
916.266.0546 [email protected]
www.tssconsultants.com