EXERCISE 8

Cellular Respiration

August 31, 2010

CAPUNO, Bingle MariangiolaMATEO, Femina Margaret

MENDOZA, Edgardo Jr.NUEVAS, Jan Patrice

PESIGAN, Jane MeirialSISCAR, Justine Alyssa

Group 3TFCD1

Prof. Sedricke lapuz

Table of Contents

I. Introduction

II. Methodology

III.Results and Discussions

IV.Conclusion

Bibliography

Select one

I. INTRODUCTION

Respiration is the breaking down of stored materials found in the body to yield energy. It is a property of all living things. Respiration often occurs in plants during winter or at times when photosynthesis is not possible.

The process of respiration breaks down stored material such as glucose into ATP which is a readily usable source of energy. For this metabolic process to occur, substances such as oxygen and many other enzymes are necessary that is why the rate of respiration greatly depends on the factors affecting enzyme activation.

The study aims to show the processes happening in cellular respiration and the different factors that affect the process.

The study also wants to explain the presence of oxygen as a requirement in aerobic respiration and in seed germination. Also, the study discusses the reason why oxygen is a factor in root growth. Another purpose of the study is to figure out the products of respiration and the enzymes involved in the said production.

OBJECTIVES

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

BACK

The study was done in order to find out how oxygen becomes an important factor in cellular respiration and what products can cellular respiration give. In the process, the exercise will reveal how certain enzymes are required for the process to take place. Generally, this exercise will explain the importance of respiration in our daily lives. 

A. Oxygen as a requirement in aerobic

respiration and seed germination

II. METHODOLOGY

Approx. equal amounts of soaked corn/mongo seeds were placed in

cheesecloth leaving some space for germination.

Two bags of the seeds were suspended in two wide mouthed bottles – Bottle A

containing 20ml of water and Bottle B containing 20ml of pyrogallate solution.

The bottles were tightly covered and were placed in a cool place.

Results were taken after a week of observation.

B. Oxygen as a factor in root growth

Two similar cuttings of mayana were put in separate bottles containing equal

amounts of water.

Bottle A had an aerator while Bottle B had none.

Root growth was the observed after a week.

C. Carbon dioxide as a product of respiration

First set-up: Soaked corn/mongo seeds were placed in a 125ml flask connected to another flask containing 50ml

Barium hydroxide mixture, by rubber tubing and was tightly sealed.

Second set-up: An amount of 50ml Barium hydroxide mixture was put in one flask connected to another flask containing

KOH solution, by rubber tubing and was tightly sealed.

The set-ups were put in a cool place.

Results were taken after days of observation.

D. Oxidases & Peroxidases:Some enzymes involved in

metabolism

The fruit (apple) was peeled and was cut into 15 strips.

The set-ups were observed after 30 minutes and results were taken.

There were five set-ups, each utilizing 3 strips of the fruit.A – The fruit strips were placed in an open petri plate (no

solution).B – The fruit strips were immersed in !% solution of

ascorbic acid.C – The fruit strips were boiled in distilled water for 3

min, and were then set aside.D – The fruit strips were put in distilled water.E – The fruit strips were put in 3% hydrogen peroxide

solution.

BACK

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

A. Oxygen as a requirement in aerobic respiration and seed germination

Fig. 3.1.1 Mongo seeds, soaked overnight

After one week

Fig 3.1.2 Bottle A- twenty seeds inside the cheesecloth suspended over 20 ml of waterBottle B- twenty seeds inside the cheesecloth suspended over 20 ml of pyrogallol

Fig 3.1.3 Bottle A(water)- Sixteen out of twenty seeds germinated (80%)

Fig 3.1.4 Bottle B (pyrogallol)- Twelve out of twenty seeds germinated (60%)

NEXT

B. Oxygen as a factor in root growth

Fig 3.2.1 Set-up of experiment

After one week

Fig 3.2.2 Mayana

cuttings with aerator has more roots

Fig. 3.2.3 Mayana cuttings without aerator

has less rootsNEXT

C. Carbon dioxide as a product of respiration

Fig.3.3.1Set-up 1:Flask 1 - mongo seedsFlask 2 - Barium hydroxide solutionSet-up 2:Flask 1: Potassium hydroxide solutionFlask 2: Barium hydroxide solution

After one week

Fig. 3.3.2 Seeds and Barium Hydroxide- white precipitates were present

Fig. 3.3.3 Potassium hydroxide and Barium hydroxide- No visible changes were observed.

NEXT

D. Oxidases & Peroxidases:

Some enzymes involved in metabolism

Fig. 3.4.1 Exposed in open air

Discoloration- brown

Fig. 3.4.2 Immersed in 1% ascorbic acid solution

No discoloration

Fig. 3.4.3 Immersed in distilled water then boiled for 3 minutes

No discoloration

Fig. 3.4.4 Immersed in distilled water

No discoloration

Fig. 3.4.5 Immersed in 3% hydrogen peroxide solution

Discoloration- brown

BACK

IV. CONCLUSIONFrom the results of the

experiments conducted, it can therefore be concluded that oxygen is a need for the seeds to germinate and to perform aerobic respiration, oxygen is and important growth factor thus, triggers greater growth of roots, seeds emit carbon dioxide as a product of respiration and oxidases and peroxidases prevent oxidation which causes discoloration of fruits and vegetables.

BibliographyMauseth, J.D., (2009) Botany: An Introduction

to Plant Biology (4th Ed.). Massachusetts: Jones and Barlett Publishers, LLC

Simpson, M.G., (2006) Plant Systematics. USA: Elsevier Academic Press

Internet Sources◦ http://jeq.scijourals.org◦ http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk◦ http://adsabs.harvard.edu

THANK YOU.