Biogeochemical Cycles Water Carbon Nitrogen. 4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms...
Transcript of Biogeochemical Cycles Water Carbon Nitrogen. 4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms...
Biogeochemical Cycles
Water CarbonNitrogen
4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms
CARBONHYDROGEN
OXYGEN NITROGEN
The same molecules are passed around again and again within the biosphere in BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
WATER CYCLE= ___________________ HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT?Makes up 60-70% of your body
Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the building blocks of cells carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids
Hydrogen in H2O supplies protons (H+) & electrons For photosynthesis.
WATER CYCLE
evaporation
condensation
The evaporation of water from the surface of plant leaves = TRANSPIRATION
The return of water tothe surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc.= PRECIPITATION
WATER CYCLE
CARBON CYCLECO2 inatmosphere
CO2 inocean
4 main CARBON reservoirs in BIOSPHERE
CO2 inatmosphere
CO2 inOcean
1.In oceans as CO2 gas 2.In the atmosphere as
dissolved CO2 gas3.On land in organisms,
rocks, soil4. Underground as coal &
petroleum (fossil fuels) and calcium carbonate in rocks
Where does CO2 in atmosphere
come from?
CO2 inatmosphere
CO2 inOcean
1.Volcanic activity 2.Human activity (burning fossil
fuel) 3.Cellular respiration4.Decomposition of dead
organisms
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
Found in all the building blocks of cells: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids
WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT?
Carbon in CO2 provides the atoms for glucose production during photosynthesis the fuel that all living things depend on.
N2 in Atmosphere
NH3
NO3-
and NO2-
Section 3-3
NITROGEN CYCLE
WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT?
Nitrogen bases make DNA and RNA
Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in ATP.
Makes AMINO part of amino acids in (proteins)
79% of the atmosphere is made up of NITROGEN gas
(N2)BUT we Can’t use the nitrogen gas
we breathe! The bond in N2 gas is so strong it can only be broken by Lighting, volcanic
activity, and a few special bacteria
Bacteria that live in the soiland in symbiotic relationships withplants called legumes, take nitrogen from the atmosphere and turn it into Ammonia, a form that is usable by plants.
THIS PROCESS IS CALLED
NITROGEN FIXATION
Other bacteria in the soil convertammonia into which plants can also use. The nitrogen we need for proteins, ATP, and nucleic acids comes from
the Food we eat
we breathe!
NITRATES (NO3- )
Not the air
and NITRITES (NO2
-)
N2 in Atmosphere
NH3
NO3-
and NO2-
Section 3-3
NITROGEN CYCLE
BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006
Bacteria that live in the soilalso carry out the reverse process
Nitrates/ Nitrates → Nitrogen gas.
THIS PROCESS IS CALLED
DENITRIFICATION