Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus...

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Biogeochemical Cycles Biogeochemical Cycles

Transcript of Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus...

Page 1: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Biogeochemical CyclesBiogeochemical Cycles

Page 2: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Cycles We Will StudyCycles We Will Study

1. Water Cycle

2 Carbon Cycle

3. Nitrogen Cycle

4. Phosphorus Cycle

Page 3: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Law of Conservation of Matter-Law of Conservation of Matter-

Matter can neither be created

nor destroyednor destroyed

Page 4: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Reservoirs-

places where you can find the part of

the cycle you are interested in

Reservoirs-

places where you can find the part of

the cycle you are interested in

What is an example of a reservoir of water?

Lakes, ponds, ocean, the groundLakes, ponds, ocean, the ground

Page 5: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Two Main Sources of EnergyTwo Main Sources of Energy

1. Internal energy from the core & radioactive isotope decay

2. External energy from the sun

Page 6: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

Page 7: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

I. The Water CycleI. The Water Cycle

A.Precipitation- returning water to

the ground

Ex: rain, snow, sleet

B.Evaporation- change from liquid

to gasto gas

C.Condensation-change from gas to

liquid

Page 8: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

D.Transpiration- water released to air

from stomata in plant leaves

E. Evapotranspiration- sum of water

evaporated and the water released

from plantsfrom plants

Page 9: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

F. Run off- water that flows from higher

to lower places

G.Ground water- water found in the

ground that runs to a source like a

pond or spring

Page 10: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The water cycle is

driven by energy from

the sun

The water cycle is

driven by energy from

the sunthe sunthe sun

Page 11: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 12: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

What goes in your water cycle?What goes in your water cycle?

• The sun

• Precipitation

• Condensation• Condensation

• Evaporation

• Transpiration

• Groundwater

• Runoff

Page 13: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Water Cycle VideoWater Cycle Video

Page 14: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The Carbon CycleThe Carbon Cycle

Page 15: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

II. Carbon CycleII. Carbon Cycle

A. Plants take in CO2 through stomata on their leaves

Page 16: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

B. Plants use CO2 in

photosynthesis-

the process of making glucose

using CO2, water & sunlightusing CO2, water & sunlight

Page 17: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The equation for photosynthesisThe equation for photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O � C6H12O6 + 6O2Sunlight &

chlorophyll

Page 18: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

C. Glucose is . . .C. Glucose is . . .

1. what our cell use for E

2. used to make starch & carbs

3. used to make cellulose in plants

4. Animals return C to the 4. Animals return C to the

atmosphere through respiration.

Page 19: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

D. How is C returned to atmosphere?D. How is C returned to atmosphere?

1. Exhalation

2. Decomposition

3. Burning

4. Burning of fossil fuels4. Burning of fossil fuels

5. Volcanoes

6. The ocean is a reservoir for Carbon. When calcium carbonate in limestone & shells break down C is released.

Page 20: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Reservoirs to include in your Carbon cycle

drawing

Reservoirs to include in your Carbon cycle

drawing

• CO2 in atmosphere

• Burning

• Burning fossil fuels

• Plants

• Decomposition

• Water

• Volcanoes

• Don’t forget your • Plants

• Animals (exhalation, digestion)

• Don’t forget your arrows!!!!

Page 21: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 22: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 23: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Hannah Whitlock 2007

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Carbon Cycle VideoCarbon Cycle Video

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Global WarmingGlobal Warming

Global warming-the warming of the

earth by greenhouse gases emitted

into the atmosphere naturally or by

mankindmankind

**CO2 is an example of a greenhouse

gas

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• Greenhouse gases act as a shield

and trap heat inside the atmosphere.

• This process is necessary for life on

Earth.

• When we add too many greenhouse • When we add too many greenhouse

gases to the atmosphere we interrupt

the C cycle

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Why is the greenhouse effect a problem?Why is the greenhouse effect a problem?

• An increase in the planet's temp may cause the ice caps to melt and sea levels to rise.

Page 28: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The Nitrogen CycleThe Nitrogen Cycle

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The Nitrogen CycleThe Nitrogen Cycle

A. Amino acids – contain nitrogen & C

and they make up proteins

B. There are 20 amino acids:

1. We make 121. We make 12

2. We get the other 8 from the

protein we eat

Page 30: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Plants need N to build proteinsPlants need N to build proteins

1. N2 in the air can’t be used by plants directly.

*N=N makes up 78% of the air

2. The triple bonds must be broken so 2. The triple bonds must be broken so plants can use the N. This process is called N fixation.

Page 31: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

N fixationN fixation

1. N fertilizers take a lot of E to make & plants only use about half of it. The rest runs off into water supplies.

2. Instead farmers use plants called legumes that have bacteria on their roots legumes that have bacteria on their roots to fix N.

example: clover, peas, beans, & alfalfa

Page 32: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

N fixation continuedN fixation continued

3. The bacteria change N2 to ammonia which plants can use to make protein.

4. Lightning also causes N fixation

Page 33: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Plants & animals get NPlants & animals get N

• Plants absorb N through roots & leaves to make necessary proteins.

• We eat plants & animals to put proteins & amino acids in our bodies.

Page 34: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

How is N returned to the system?How is N returned to the system?

• N2 is returned to the atmosphere by bacteria in a process called denitrification.

• Decomposition & Waste return N to the air & to soil

• Fossil fuel use

Page 35: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 36: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 37: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Hannah Whitlock 2007

Page 38: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

N Cycle VideoN Cycle Video

Page 39: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

What goes in your N cycle?What goes in your N cycle?

• N2 in the atmosphere

• Lightening

• Legumes

• Fertilizer• Fertilizer

• Plants

• Animals

• Decomposition

• Denitirification

Page 40: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

The Phosphorus CycleThe Phosphorus Cycle

Page 41: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

PhosphorusPhosphorus

• Needed for the formation of bones, teeth, & DNA

• We get P from food we eat

Page 42: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

• Most P in the world is in rocks

• Weathered rock releases P to the soil

• It is absorbed by plant roots.

• Animals eat the plants to get the P

P is released to soil

Page 43: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

• Animals return it to the earth by wastes & decomposition

• Bacteria & decomposers return P to soil

• P can dissolve in ground water & be • P can dissolve in ground water & be carried back to a body of water

Page 44: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

• Sediments settle in the body of water & cement

together to form P-rich rocks

P

P

P

PP PP PP P

P

P

P

Page 45: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

• Erosion can cause P-deficiency

• P fertilizers are often used

Page 46: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

Why is the P cycle unique?Why is the P cycle unique?

• P is not found in a gas form, so the atmosphere is not involved.

• P cycle is very slow. It can stay in rocks for millions of years.

Page 47: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 48: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain
Page 49: Biogeochemical Cycles PowerPoint-1.pdfWater Cycle 2 Carbon Cycle 3. Nitrogen Cycle 4. Phosphorus Cycle. Law of Conservation of Matter- ... The Nitrogen Cycle A. Amino acids – contain

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