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Biogas Development and Training Centre

Centre for Rural Development and Technology

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi

  Floating Drum Type Biogas Plant Fixed Dome Type Biogas Plant

Contacts:

Dr !irendra "umar !i#ay

Program Coordinator 

Biogas Development and Training Centre,

Centre for Rural Development and Technology,

Block-III, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,Hau !has, "e# Delhi $ %%& &%' India(

Phone) * +%- %%- '+'.%, '+%%/

0a1) * +%-%%- '+%%%, '+'.%

2-mail) 3dtciitd4gmail(com, vkvi5ay4rdat(iitd(ernet(in

 

Biogas 6cru33ing 6ystem Bio-C"7 Cylinder in a Car Biogas 8perated Three 9heeler

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BDTC, IIT Delhi: 

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi is one of the Indian Institutes of Technology created

as centres of e1cellence for higher training, research and development in science, engineering

and technology in India( : ne# ;Biogas Development and Training Centre< =BDTC> started in

IIT Delhi in the year &&? and engaged in research and development of 3iogas related

technologies( BDTCs are supported 3y @inistry of "e# and Rene#a3le 2nergy =@"R2> under 

 "ational Biogas and @anure @anagement Programme ="B@@P> for providing technical

training and pu3licity support for Auality implementation of 3iogas programme(

$%#ectives of BDTC, IIT Delhi:

• BDTC, IIT Delhi is engaged in research and development of 3iogas related technologies

and its applications( In 3roader terms, BDTC, IIT Delhi is to provide technical support for 

 "ational Biogas @anure @anagement Program ="B@@P> on decided areas #ith @inistry

of "e# and Rene#a3le 2nergy and coordinate RD and consultancy #ork on 3iogas

technology #ith e1pertise availa3le in IIT Delhi(

• To organie training courses for developing entrepreneurs and for staff of the state nodal

departments and implementing agencies etc( for the state of Haryana and Delhi and to carry

out field testingadaptive trials on ne# models of 3iogas system and demonstration of ne#

models of 3iogas plants and diversified uses 3iogas plants effluents(

• Development of multidisciplinary net#ork program in the area of 3iogas technology and to

 provide consultancy services to manufactures, "78s, implementing agencies etc( for 

developing and testing of ne# systems( 

$ngoing Research &ctivities at BDTC, IIT Delhi:

• Biogas production performance from non edi3le oil seed cakes and other 3iodegrada3le

ra# materials(

• 2nrichment of methane content in 3iogas 3y removal of C8  and H6 through #ater 

scru33ing technology and mem3rane separation(

• H6 removal from 3iogas through 3iological methods(

• Biogas 3ottling into C"7 cylinders for automotive applications and its testing on engines

 performance and emissions( 

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$ther $ngoing &ctivities at BDTC, IIT Delhi:

@inistry of "e# and Rene#a3le 2nergy has recently launched ne# initiative for the

development of pro5ects on ;Demonstration of EIntegrated Technology- Package on @edium-sie

Biogas-0ertilier Plants =B70P> for 7eneration, Purification 2nrichment, Bottling and Piped

distri3ution of Biogas to#ards harnessing E"ear Total Potential of suita3le Biomass in Rural

:reas( The BDTC, IIT Delhi, has 3een designated as lead BDTC for providing technical

assistance and monitoring of such pro5ects for o3taining feed-3ack for further improvement in

the Etechno-commercial package(

The BDTC, IIT Delhi provides entrepreneurship education program to motivate the

 3eneficiariesentrepreneurs in the field of 3iogas and to impart the technology of the system for 

taking it as a self entrepreneurship( The 2ntrepreneurship :#areness Camp is an initiative for 

motivating 3eneficiariesentrepreneurs and creating a#areness among them for 2ntrepreneurship

in the field of 3io-energy(

'ervices of BDTC IIT Delhi:

• RD related to 3io-methanation

• Training and Human Resource Development

• Consultancy services related to 3iogas technology

• Technical guidance

Biogas Related Imported (in)s:

• http)###(iitd(ac(incentercrdtpeople(html 

• http)en(#ikipedia(org#ikiBiogas

• http)###(iisc(ernet(incurrsci5ul%&articles%.(htm

• http)###(arti-india(orgcontentvie#F

• http)mnes(nic(in

• http)mnes(nic(inprog-ft3p(htm

• http)###(mnre(gov(in3ookletsBook%-e(pdf  

• http)###(kar(nic(inp3elgaum3iogas(html

• http)en(#ikipedia(org#iki:naero3icGdigestion

• http)###(anaero3ic-digestion(comhtmltheG3iogasGdigester(php

• http)###(iitg(ernet(inceer3dtc-info(pdf 

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Biogas *nrichment and Bottling Technology:

Introduction: 

Biogas is so far, has mostly 3een used as fuel for cooking and running stationary engines(

Ho#ever, its potential has not fully utilied, yet( There is a great enhancement in its utiliation

 potential particularly #here 3igger plants are in operation e(g( institutional 3iogas plants in

7oshalas, dairy farms or community 3iogas plants in villages( 7oshalas are running generally on

charity 3asis and most of 7oshalas are not in sound financial position( 2nrichment and 3ottling

of 3iogas #ill help to improve it( India has a vast potential of '(.? %& %& cu3ic meter of 3iogas

 per annum from +?& million tonnes of cattle dung produced( There are num3er of Goshalas,

dairies, village communities having large num3er of cattle #hich have potential of installing

 3iogas enrichment and 3ottling system( In ur3an areas, large Auantity of 3iogas can 3e produced

in se#age treatment plants using anaero3ic digestion(

Biogas comprises of '&-' methane, .-F& car3on dio1ide, &(-%(& hydrogen

sulfide and rests of #ater vapour( It is almost & lighter than air( Biogas, like JiAuefied

Petroleum 7as =JP7> cannot 3e converted to liAuid state under normal temperature( Removing

car3on dio1ide and compressing it into cylinders makes it easily usa3le for transport

applications, say three #heelers, cars, pick up vans etc and also for stationary applications at

various long distances( :lready, C"7 technology has 3ecome easily availa3le and therefore, 3io-

methane =enriched 3iogas> #hich is nearly same as C"7, can 3e used for all applications for 

#hich C"7 are used(

Biogas *nrichment Process:

: variety of processes are availa3le for enrichment i(e( removing C8 , H6 and #ater 

vapour( Commonly C8 removal processes also remove H6( 8ne of the easiest and cheapest

methods involves is the use of pressuried #ater as an a3sor3ent liAuid( In this method, the

 3iogas is pressuried and fed to the 3ottom of a scru33er column #here #ater is sprayed from the

top( In counter-currently operated a3sorption process, the car3on dio1ide and hydrogen sulfide

 present in the 3iogas is a3sor3ed in do#n going #ater and methane goes up and collected in

vessel( Ho#ever, #ater reAuirement in this process is high 3ut it is the simplest method of 

removing impurities from 3iogas

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Concept of &lternative Bio+C-:

Biogas contains a large proportion =a3out F& 3y volume> of car3on dio1ide, a heavier 

and non com3usti3le gas and some fraction of hydrogen sulphide( Hence it is needed to enrich

 3iogas 3y removing these undesira3le gases to save compression energy and space in 3ottle andcorroding effect, #hich can 3e done 3y scru33ing( The scru33ing system is found to enrich

methane a3out + or more depending upon 3iogas inlet and #ater in5ection pressure( Biogas

can 3e used for all applications designed for natural gas, assuming sufficient purification(

'cope of the Technology:

2nriched 3iogas is made moisture free 3y passing it through filters after that it is

compressed upto && 3ar pressure using a three stage gas compressor( Compressed gas is stored

in high pressure steel cylinders as used for C"7( There is large potential of this technology in

 3uses, tractors, cars, auto ricksha#s, irrigation pump sets and in rural industries( This #ill help to

meet our energy demand for rural masses thus reduces 3urden of petroleum demand, moves

to#ards energy security and #ill improve economic status 3y creating employment generation in

rural area(

0rom only one 3iogas 3ottling plant, enriched 3iogas filled cylinders #ill 3e a3le to

replace Rs( + lakh fuel annually in the country( Increasing the num3er of 3ottling plant #ill

su3seAuently increase the DieselPetrol savings( The #hole cost can 3e recovered #ithin t#o-

three years from the installation of the plant(