Biogas composite tunnel for nepal monastery Eng 25.12.2015

This proposal was wroted in 25.12.2015.I will write update timeline on next proposal.

This proposal only is my idea’s sketchy description, my plan. Because I’m not experienced in humanitarian projects oversea & working with international organizations. So that this proposal is only at the level of sharing information & I hope receive many contribution, feedback of person & organizations to help thi plan can be successfully .

I hope this plan can help & usedful for many monasteries in Nepal can be seft-enegy . Thereby can improving monk / noun life be better.

Maybe there are personal / organizations have enough competence & suitable to deploy this plan to succesful. I think not necessarily bring from Vietnam, which may from countries bordering Nepal ( China, India, Bhutan …) have the advantage of transportation ( by road).

Initially I contemplated widely applied to households in Nepal, but it is ovlerload for me. I adjusted this plan deploy only for the monastery in Nepal, I think it become esasy to deploy.

And whether mass deployment or concentration makes the monastery before it personally and I wish this plan is a non-profit, humanitarian.

I hope that if successful, personal / team / organizations in Nepal deploy this plan also follow the above undertakings.

I). Instability energy in NepalII). What affects to NepalIII). Support from outside or foreign countryIV). Solutions may applyV). Bio Gas solution of VietnamVI). Deployment

I). Nepal Enegy Problems

Because the Indian government embargo, the communication between Nepal and India is closed so that’s why energy source such as: petrol, gas, etc. was stopped. Millions of people are lack of combustion fuel for daily living and doing business. This is the reason why leads to the energy crisis in Nepal, living cost is increased suddenly and very high that affects very much to local people including mental and physical.

I). Instability energy in Nepal

people are standing in line and waiting for turn to buy petrol, the price now is 150,000vnd/lit (around 6,7 usd/lit)

Gas for cooking is limitted and the price is increased so high, now it’s 2,500,000vnd/piece


Because of lacking gas, most of people have to cook by wood


International newspaper posted the fuel problem of Nepal

* Snaking Lines Grow as Nepal Confronts Fuel Shortage http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/16/world/asia/nepal-kathmandu-fuel-shortage.html?_r=1* Nepal reels from fuel shortage due to Indian embargo http://aa.com.tr/en/politics/nepal-reels-from-fuel-shortage-due-to-indian-embargo/472051 * Nepal running on empty as energy crisis deepens http://www.haveeru.com.mv/nepal/40414* Nepal police clear protesters' blockade at India border http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/11/nepal-police-clear-protesters-blockade-india-border-151102073652349.html* ‘We were forced to secure energy deal with China’ http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/south-asia/we-were-forced-to-secure-energy-deal-with-china/article7823961.ece* Nepal's fuel crisis will push almost a million people into poverty http://news.yahoo.com/nepals-fuel-crisis-push-almost-million-people-poverty-154229466.html


* Fuel emergency hamstrings tourism in Nepal http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/10/fuel-emergency-hamstrings-tourism-nepal-151019095518216.html* Nepal is angry with India, so it turns off the TV https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/09/29/nepal-is-angry-with-india-so-it-turns-off-the-tv/* As fuel shortages hit Nepal, is renewable energy an alternative? http://www.trust.org/item/20151210091051-vc4gs/?source=dpagehead* Nepal restricts vehicle movement as Indian fuel supplies hit http://townhall.com/news/politics-elections/2015/09/27/nepal-restricts-vehicle-movement-as-indian-fuel-supplies-hit-n2057582

International newspaper posted the fuel problem of Nepal

II). What affects to Nepal?

1). lacking of gas for daily life of local people2). lacking petrol for doing business, and running production3). also lacking of petrol for transportation 4). living cost is increased 5). all most people become poor6). tourism is affected by fuel crisis very much, decreasing income from tourism 7) . unstable social security

II). Ảnh hưởng gì tới Nepal

8). The bad affect to monasteries : + Monasteries mostly in high mountain, road to the monastery is not favorable. The electric system is not as favorable as in the city. + Monk / non life is affected because lack of fuel for cooking and living.+ Pricing incresing affect Necessary goods. + even before energy problem, the enery of monasteries also have many problems.

III). Support from forein country1). support of the Chinese government is the majority‘We were forced to secure energy deal with China’ http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/south-asia/we-were-forced-to-secure-energy-deal-with-china/article7823961.ece

2). The Japanese government is supporting Nepal by burning gas hydrates tape technology , but this is for the energy and mining difficult, there are many restrictions Japan claims success in tapping energy from gas hydrates http://www.nepalnews.net/index.php/sid/213167203

3). Solar Energy :Energy-starved Nepal turns to solar power http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/printedition/news/2015-01-29/energy-starved-nepal-turns-to-solar-power.html

IV). The solution can be deployed

1). solar energy2). wind energy3). heat energy4). Tapping energy from gas hydrates5). Biogas

1). solar powera). Advantage - Suitable to apply because Nepal have enough space and always full of sunny.- flexible to apply from the small to big system

b). Disadvantage- Cost of investment for buying device is very high. if there is a big system, it will require huge capital and need to be depended on government.- it can not create power when raining, sun-less- no most areas have enough sunny, especially in winter.


2). windy powera). Advantage- suitable to apply because nepal is located at mountains, windy.- Can Apply flexible from small system to bigger system.b). Unadvantage - difficulty in the city- investment cost for buying device is very high. if there is a big system, it will require huge capital and need to be depended on government.- it can not work without wind- Risk accident by birds


3). Thermal Enegya). advantage- coal and wood are available in nepal

b). unadvantage- need a big system, high investment- environment pollution.- Difficult to deploy to small, go to the remote areas.


4). Tapping energy from gas hydratesa). Advantage- Can delevery directly to each familyb). Disadvantage- Source operators willing to support Nepal not much, only a few countries fully exploit technology


5). Biogasa). Advantage- useful for each o family, especially the area is far way from city center- Protecting the environment: reducing pollution from waste, reduce the need for wood burning, also reduce the cutting of trees for forest protection.- Deploying quickly from 2 hours - 5 days depending on the type.- Thoroughly solve the energy needs for each family without influence from energy support of government- transfer technology to clone more applicable to mass b). Disadvantage- Building brick tunnels to 5 days, can be cracked gas leak.- Depending on the source of waste (feces) of people and most particularly is still livestock and poultry (need 02 buffalo / cow for 01 tunnel bio gas)


1). Bio Gas2). disadvantage of biogas brick circle in Nepal3). biogas brick circle improved VACVINA 4). Bio gas plastic compiste tunnel

V). Bio Gas cellar contained from Vietnam


1). BiogasBiogas is a biological energy that results from the compression or zone (digestion) or fermentation (fermentation) in anaerobic conditions (anaerobic) of the material originated as organic manure, sludge (sludge) in sewers), residential rubbish, or other types of organic waste can be born decomposition (biodegradable waste). The main biogas in the aforementioned conditions of methane and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and some others such as nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and oxygen (O2).

1). BiogasBiogas enegy Energy BiogasBiogas is considered as a kind of biological energy that results from the compression or zone (digestion) or fermentation (fermentation) in anaerobic conditions (anaerobic) of the material of organic origin such as manure, slurry ( sludge) in the sewers), residential rubbish, or other types of organic waste can be born decomposition (biodegradable waste). The main biogas in the aforementioned conditions of methane and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and some others such as nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and oxygen (O2). Depending on the sources for the gas, bio-energy types have different names, such as gas pipelines (swamp gas), moist air from plants (marsh gas), landfill gas (landfill gas), and gas Compressed (digester gas).In all emissions through anaerobic compression method (anaerobic digestion), methane gas is the most useful, is a kind of renewable energy for the drive, or run the generator. Methane is also used for cooking, heating, lamps, or heat generated etc. ...


1). Biogasadvantages of biogas : One of the advantages of using biogas as a fuel for cooking compare with using firewood :• Labor minimizing as cutting trees or collecting firewood• conserving trees• Biogas generation process fast and easy control.• No smoke, no smell which reduces eye irritation / respiratory.• Clean kitchen• Excess gas can be used for income-generating activities Other advantages of biogas • No cost to create waste products, waste products can be used as fertilizer better than green manure or synthetic fertilizer• Reduce germs compared with untreated waste


2). Limitations of biogas in Nepal

Nepal also had built biogas brick circle / bridge but built tunnels with old technology and has many limitations.The scale is not much deployment.


3). Biogas brick cellar VACVINA

Products of the Centre for Research and Development of Rural Communities (CCRD)


3). Biogas brick cellar VACVINAa). Advantages: materials are available locally; no difficulties for transport, prepared for transfer as composite; Can be deployed immediately.

b). Disadvantage : there are common risks of tunnel construction (subsidence, cracking, leaking gas) at a higher rate than the composite. Requires skilled masons and skilled (With his experience in Laos, Cambodia, Tanzania, the builder side does not ingenious, meticulous construction worker who was like Vietnam. The quality of materials is also of concern (eg in Tanzania without red brick as VN that have used brick size and poor water resistance).


3). Biogas brick cellar VACVINA- Technology transfer- Transfer time: 15 days (including time for preparation and operation- Personnel transfer: 2 people- Cost transfer: is also covered travel costs, accommodation and wages for 2

technicians.


4). Composite plastic Biogas tunnel .


Composite tunnel is designed spherically with 4 pieces. 2 half-sphere and two "ears" as input and output. Smallest design is currently produced in VN is 1.9 m diameter tunnel (equivalent to a total volume of nearly 6m3 basement). Thus, two half spheres can "spoon upside down" together for compact, but still has a large-size high 1.9 meters and 0.95m tall.



a). Advantage:- High durability, limiting cracks- Duplicating from this site to many different mold from which to produce many products applicable to many households.- Fast construction time: 120 minutes-

b). Disadvantage :- Wait for shipping from Vietnam, Cargo Air in 06 days.- Need to import materials to roll fiberglass mold for the product. Import from Malaysia to be easy & cheap because of the SAARC- Transporting bulky



Alternative Technology transfer:- If the complete technology transfer (manufacturing site, producing tunnel, installation, maintenance, maintenance) should:Transfer Time: Minimum of 15 daysTechnicians transfer: Minimum 2 peopleThe cost of technology transfer: It is not the sale of technology (higher if thinking this way), but just the cost of travel, accommodation and pay for a minimum of 2 people to transfer.



Option to buy the molds and deliver to Nepal:- The size and number of panels on right site by the size of the tunnel (like a letter before we talked about this size) and weighs approximately 80kg.

- Because, depending on the number of livestock that require different volumes should now have 3 size mold: diameter 1.9 m; 2,25m and 2,45m. So if buy molds to switch to Nepal we should also buy all 3 sizes.

- The cost of buying one mold below 20 million / mold. For actual mold is 1 tunnel but only made more certain.



- 1 mold 1 day only produce a maximum of 2 tunnels. But can make use cellar made from this mold to make molds to produce.

- If we buy mold and take to Nepal, still requires a highly skilled technique to guide the technical ways to make that party. And 2 technical needs: Produce cellar and Installation, warranty, maintenance tunnel.

- Another option is 1 Buddhist group training to transfer I think it’s well also. But the worker not only have technique but also have experience. So this training must take a long time, and this group must do reality may well be to transfer.

4). Composite plastic Biogas tunnel contained .


VI). Deployment

1). Experts VN delegation to Nepal2). Financial Planning for deployment3). Working and hand over technology transfer

1). Experts VN delegation to Nepal

a). The number of experts:b). Time Transferc). Carrying belongingsd). Funds transferred

VI). Deployment

1). Experts VN delegation to Nepala). The number of expert

+ 2, 3 people stay in Nepal around 15 - 30 days

b). Duration transfer

20 - 30 days

VI). Deployment

VI). Deployment1). Expert VN delegation to Nepal

c). Items carrying belongings

+ mold: 03 molds

VI). Deployment1). Expert VN delegation to Nepal

d). Transfer Cost

* Purchases of mold: 03 x 20 million = sash 60 million VND* Cash shipping site: 80kg x 03 = 240 kg mold - Cargo Fee 3usd / kd x 240 kg = 720 USD- Shipping Costs TNS airport: 100 usd* Airfare Expert: US $ 700 x 03 = 2100 usd* Mission allowances for experts: salaries and wages 700 $ x 03 = 2100 usd* Rent hotels, eat in activity in 30 days: 700 x 03 = 2100 usd usd

Total : 9920 USD

VI). Deployment2). Financial Planning

a). Raise moneyb). Expenditure managementc). Operating, monitoring


a). Rasie money :+ Individual organizations supporting Nepal in Vietnam+ Individual organizations in the world supporting Nepal+ Buddhists all over the world+ The NGOs worldwide and in Nepal+ The environmental fund as Toyota, Ford+ Using the call for funds, online fundraising on the Internet: kiva.org, ....+ Other environmental funds are supporting the Bio Gas


b). Expenditure management:+ Initially team to bring connectivity and transfer solution. We will establish 01 new team consists of dedicated individuals are selected to manage the project implementation in Nepal (in both directions, plans, solutions, technology ...)+ Team will be the official representative for the individuals / organizations fundraising support, this team has a clear responsibility to work for transparent public finances.


c). Operation, monitoring:+ New Team operation will take the next job.+ Monitor will be the actual situation of individuals / organizations to establish 01 parts / independent monitoring mechanism it or not

VI). Deployment3). hand over technology transfer

- In first 20-30 days will guide molding, make products, duplicating mold to the next product.- Training installation guidelines put plastic cellar, digging holes and insert the plastic cellar to the ground. Completing the tunnel construction and connection of gas appliances, devices using biogas.

In the first 05 days was 144 cloned cellar composite products. And 10 days can 2034 cloned cellar composite products

XIII). What will Vietnam get if this plan is applying?.These are technologies, it’s not new products and available on the market. But at the right moment in time it appears that the new offer good value. China has land borders with Nepal to transport everything easier than Vietnam.1). Companies participating transfers: have the advantage of brand image, brand building and there are many opportunities to export technologies / products to overseasAnd of couse, this company will be famous & good branding in Vietnam market, they will easy to deploy many biogas contruction in Vietnam.

2). Images country Vietnam international community is known, respected => national image building.

3). Creating linkages more about diplomacy between governments 02 countries.

IX). The benefits of carrying out composite tunnel1). Easy cloning to deploy on a large scale: In 01 days, 01 site created 02 products. Assuming carry 03 molds into, so after 10 days with 2 304 tunnels. we can provide gas needs for 2304 monasteries after 10 days..

2). Nepalese people themselves can become master the technology and deploy future without dependence on external resources and support.

3). Input materials (including glass fiber, carbon fiber and plastics in primary Polyester) to produce composite cellar from Malaysia to facilitate the transport from Indonesia, Malaysia.

Some advantages of biogas tunnel :- The building has a spherical structure, includes multiple parts assembled together so easily disassemble and transport, easy to replacement repair and relocation to the new location.- Composite materials with high strength, high strength and good waterproof, corrosion by acids. .- Installation in all terrain conditions, particularly low-lying areas, weak land, swampy land, ...- Ensure high air tight, fast fizzy, vitality and performance of high

air pressure.- Self-breaking scum radical change by much and continuity of

surface scum- In case if you have to clean brass, the disposal tank is very simple, fast, clean, non-labor costs.- Also used for household septic tanks.

IX). The benefits of carrying out composite tunnel


Nepali people will love, cherish buffalo / cows than before, they will stop killing buffalo / cows like before. Because buffalo / cows help them have stability & sefl- engery life.

1). Find providers import input materials to Nepal. Good quality materials from China by road & from Malaysia, Indonesia , Singapore buy air.

2). Establishing the team in Nepal to handover :+ The qualified technical mastery can handover and after that can training for others.

+ People fluent terrain Nepal local to consult delivery biogas tunnel .+ People know English, Nepali, Tibetan language

X). The remain jobs need to solve

3). figure out the cost of construction : need to derivative the land. construction jobs not to much.+ Building materials: bricks, sand, cement, gravel and steel+ salary for construction workers

4). Input materials for biogas tunnel : Input materials for bio gas tunnel : wastes (part) of human and Poultry (Buffalo, cows, pig) is very suitable because Nepal have many Buffalo, cows. But the cattle is not suitable because poultry industry is under-developed

X). The remain jobs need to solve

The proposal made by Pham Thanh Hung

I am a Buddhist, every year I do my pilgrimage in Nepal and Nepal as my second homeland. I've always wanted to be back in Nepal often much longer to practice.

Seeing my second homeland is in trouble, I urge in the hearts the desire to help in any way to Nepal.

In my head came up thinking BioGas offers solutions from Vietnam to Nepal to deploy

Viber / Wechat / Mobile : +84 906 232 111Email : [email protected] FB : https://www.facebook.com/hungpt250583

Phạm Thanh Hùng.

I tried to ask 01 biogas composite in Vietnam, I discussed the issue with them. They answered conventional technology transfer fee is 500 milion VND, but in this case only 300 milion VND.

This fee not include air ticket, travel expenses and accommodation activities, salary for Experts.

The proposal made by

Mr. Nguyễn Đức Thịnh – Vice Director of Centre for Research and Development of Rural Communities (CCRD)

After I presented my idea. Mr Nguyen Duc Thinh was enthusiastically supported, endorsed the work. Mr Thinh has dedicated advisor technical expertise in the deployment of the stars and agree to support the transfer of technology to be successful inside Nepal.


Email : [email protected] : +84 93 658 55 88


Mr Thinh introduces 01 company in South has experience & deployment capacity. This company wellcome & agree don’t charge technology transfer fee.

So just only prepare budget for air ticket, travel expenses and accommodation activities, salary for Experts.

Mr. Nguyễn Đức Thịnh – Vice Director of Centre for Research and Development of Rural Communities (CCRD)

This proposal only is sketchy description my idea, my plan. Because I’m not experienced in humanitarian projects oversea & working with international organizations. So that this proposal is only at the level of sharing information & I hope receive many contribution, feedback of person & organizations to help thi plan can be successfully .

I hope this plan can help & usedful for many monasteries in Nepal can be seft-enegy . Thereby can improving monk / noun life be better.

Maybe there are personal / organizations have enough competence & suitable to deploy this plan to succesful. I think not necessarily bring from Vietnam, which may from countries bordering Nepal ( China, India, Bhutan …) have the advantage of transportation ( by road).

Biogas composite tunnel for nepal monastery Eng 25.12.2015

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