Bioenergy Italy

8/2/2019 Bioenergy Italy

1/8

University of PerugiaCRB Biomass Research Cent re

Via Duranti - Str. Santa Lucia Canetola, sn - 06125 - PERUGIA Tel. +39 (0) 75 5853806 Fax +39 (0) 75 5153321 P.I. 00448820548

BIOENERGY IN ITALY


2/8



INTRODUCTIONThe International energetic landscape is characterized by uncertainty causedby current economic crisis that hit western economies, with difficult bankcredit availability for investments. Economic crisis is also accompanied by

geo-politic unstable caused by bloody riots exploding in the MediterraneanArab countries, influencing economy through the cost of Brent crude.European Energy requirements are strongly depending on fossil production, ina contest of quick increasing of demand from emergent countries such asChina, India and Africans, and in a situation of spread nuclear energyrepulsion caused by Fukushima disaster.The fight against climatic change must take place through acceleration ofinvestments in Renewable energy making Europe free from fossil marketdependence.

EUROPEAN TARGETSEuropean Union is currently not manage to produce even half of its energy: in2009 the European countries were forced to import from abroad more than50% of resources to meet its energy needs, with some countries, includingwhich Italy, even more than 80% (see on table 1).

Table 1: Energy production and consumption.

2009 Primary

production (Mtep)

Gross domestic

consumption (Mtep)

Self-

sufficiency

France 128,5 262,7 48,9%Germany 127,5 326,6 39,0%Italy 27,3 168,9 16,2%U.K. 156,3 206,8 75,6%Spain 29,6 130,2 22,7%Ue27 812,2 1.702,8 47,7%

In 2009 the European Council approved the Climate-Energy Package, whichestablishes different objectives in 2020 to combat climate change, includingrenewable energy to 20% on final consumption of energy for EU, developedwith the different national targets.In the picture below, the real situation and the shared target are represented(see on figure 1).


3/8



Fig. 1: Real state and targets on 2020.

About Italy, the energetic situation is described below (table 2). The sharedtarget to 2020 is the production of 17% of renewable energy on the finalconsumption. The percentages are divided to the kinds of energy: electric,thermal and for transport.

Table 2: Italy, energetic characteristics.

Italy 2009 Target 2020TOTAL 8,9 % 17 %Electric Energy 20,1 % 26,4 %Thermal Energy 8,2 % 17,1 %Transport 3,8 % 10,1 %

The Italian situation about the gross Renewable energy (ER) consumption isshown below (see on figure 2) and it is possible to understand how Italian

situation on renewable is lower then EU average.Biomass in EU has a great role: it is almost half of energy consumption, in apercentage of 70% of the total renewable production.The detailed presentation of energy production from biomass is shown in thetable 3, organized for every different kind of biomass.


4/8



Fig. 2: Renewable energies in different UE States.

Table 3: Different renewable energies production.


5/8



THE ITALIAN SITUATIONThe actual energy production in Italy is given by the following sources (boththermal+electrical):

The bioenergy production is given by wood and wood residues, liquid biofuels,biogas, biodegradable MSW (see the following figure):

This is the distribution of the biomass plants in Italy:


6/8



And by region and source:

ItalianRegion

SOLID BIOMASS[MW]

BIOGAS[MW]

BIOLIQUIDS[MW]

Abruzzo - 1,2 1,5

Basilicata - 0,2 -

Calabria 100,4 2,7 4,7

Campania 1,4 1,5 88,8

Emilia Romagna 42,8 24,2 108,6

Friuli Venezia Giulia 336,6 3,0 0,8

Lazio 12,6 2,9 26,8

Liguria 155,0

0,3 -

Lombardia 75,3 87,4 48,9

Marche - 1,5 2,8

Molise 13,5 - -

Piemonte 40,8 29,3 9,4

Puglia 24,6 1,0 188,5

Sardegna 593,4

0,8 36,9

Sicilia 1,2 - 13,5

Toscana 0,8 3,1 33,9

Trentino Alto Adige 8,2 9,2 24,8

Umbria 5,3 2,4 7,8

Valle d'Aosta - 0,1 -

Veneto 25,0 38,4 20,8

TOTAL 1436,9 209,1 618,6

So, 60% plants are in two Regions: Sardegna and Friuli. This is mainly due tothe co-combustion conversion of 2 big existing plants. The global power is2264 MW.


7/8



In application of Dir. 2009/28/CE, Italy must increase biomass production toreach an energy production of 9,8 Mtep, about 45% of total renewableenergies at 2020.

Referring to the 2009 situation, to reach the targets for 2020, electric energymust be increased of +146%, thermal energy of +101%, bioethanol of +413%, biodiesel of + 77%. Diagrams are shown below (figure 3).

Fig. 3: Energy increases to 2020 targets in Italy.

The strategy to reach the targets to 2020 are defined in Italy by Biomass-PAN(National Action Plan).

ELECTRIC ENERGY:New decrees must be approved with mechanism of feed-in and feed-inpremium for plants of less than 5 MW of electric power. If more than 5 MW,biomass traceability and source must be clearly defined.Incentives would promote micro-mini cogeneration, the use of residualbiomass also from little biogas plants, little biomass chains, the use of wasteand other industrial products

THERMAL ENERGYDecrees to promote little powered plants, production of biomethane frombiomas and its injection to the natural gas grid. Carbon credits wereprorogates for more production timetable.

TRANSPORTS2nd generation biofuels must be incentived by consumption certificates andobliged mixing with fossil fuels.


8/8



The Italian energetic potential from biomass is shown in the table below (table4): it is 8,3 Mtep divided in: energetic crops, residual biomass and zootechnicslurry.

Table 4: Biomass potential in Italy.Energetic crops750.000 ha

Residuals11,7 mln of dry

fraction

Zootechnical45 mln of tons of

slurryElectric energy 0,5 0,7 0,9Thermal energy 1,3 1,9 2,4Transport 0,5 - -

total 2,3 2,6 3,3

Bioenergy Italy

Documents

Transcript of Bioenergy Italy