BIODIVERSITYPROSPECTING

PLANTS MOLECULAR DIVERSITYBiosynthetic (thin arrows) and Evolutionary (thick arrows) processes (i.e. activation/inhibition) leading to selected categories of secondary metabolites in angiosperms.

Gottlieb, O. R. and Borin, M.R.M. Phytochemistry 49(1), 1-15, 1998.

PLANTS EVOLUTIVE DIVERSITY

PLANTS MOLECULAR DIVERSITY

Family Rosaceae

PLANTS MOLECULAR DIVERSITY

Approaches used for the study of a new plant focusing its use as a potential new medicine:

Random

Chemotaxonomy

Ethno (pharmacology, medicine, botany)

CHEMOTAXONOMYWithout ever abandoning the base, the isolation and structural determination of constituents of Brazilian plants, he always tried to explain life on Earth through Chemistry. This basic philosophy of biogeochemistry took him to new phytochemical concepts and methods. Amongst the concepts appear, the redox theory in substitution of the defense theory, the interdependence of macro-and micromolecular metabolism, the function of metabolism in cell signaling. Amongst the methods, it is relevant to cite the deduction of molecular profiles for vegetal groups, quantification of molecular structural parameters. Both, concepts and methods, were used by his group to clarify questions of evolution, classification and ecology, to rationalize the search for bioactive substances in the vegetal kingdom, and to quantify biodiversity uniting ecogeographic, morphologic and metabolic aspects of organisms. Joint consideration of the experimental evidence led to the understanding that origin and development of plants involve oscillation of antagonistic (activating/inhibiting) forces. It is postulated that Modulation of Antagonisms represents a universal mechanism of evolutionary ecology, applicable to living as well as to non-living systems.

PLANTS USES DIVERSITY

A Dahlgrenogram (Dahlgren, 1980) for dicotyledons, illustrating preferential uses of species in orders, represented by ‘‘bubbles’’, as medicines (pink), foods (dark green), nutraceutics (yellow), poisons (dark red), poisons and medicines (light red), and medicines and foods (light green) based on Pio Correa’s survey (1984). The orders were characterized by an evolutionary parameter [Sporne indices (1980)] obtained by the means of SI of the pertinent useful families.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Ethnopharmacology Ethnomedicine

Ethnobotany

CHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

MEDICINAL PLANTS

Chemical Study

Pharmacological Study

Toxicological Study

Pharmaceutics

Quality Control

CHEMICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Encompasses techniques for the separation, isolation and identification of chemicals, in this case, called the active principles.

Chromatographic Techniques

Structural Elucidation Techniques

CHEMICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

CHEMICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

CHEMICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

CHEMICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

NO2O2N

NO2

N

N.

2,2-Difenil-1-picrilidrazila

Após 30 minutos

250 125 50 25 10 5

2,2-diphenyl-1-pycril-hydrazyl

After 30 minutes

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Candida albicans Sorotype B ATCC

Cryptococcus neoformans Sorotype A

Fonsecaea pedrosoi

Trichophyton rubrum

Staphylococcus aureus MRSA

Staphylococcus aureus ATCC

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Antiviral Activity

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Hypoglycaemic Activity

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Hypoglycaemic Activity

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Hypoglycaemic Activity

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTSAntinociceptive activityWrithing

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTSAntinociceptive activityHot Plate

PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTSAntinociceptive activityTail Flick

TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Cytotoxicity

Incubação

24h

Transferência de sobrenadante

+ Mistura reacional

Incubação

30 minutos

Leitura

Ensaio de liberação de LDH

TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Phototoxicity (in vitro and in vivo)

Genotoxicity (in vitro and in vivo)

Skin Toxicity

Membrane Toxicity

CNS Toxicity

PHARMACEUTICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

QUALITY CONTROL OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Mirtoselect® is obtained exclusively from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fresh fruits that are harvested when ripe, between July and September.

Mirtoselect® is a standardized bilberry extract containing 36% anthocyanins and is characterized by a very specific and reproducible HPLC profile that may be defined as the "fingerprint" of the extract.

BIODIVERSITY PROSPECT OUTCOME – LEADING TO A PRODUCT