Biomass-to-bioenergy and biofuel supply chain optimization:Overview, key issues and challenges

presented by :Herson andres gonzalez

introduction

This paper describes the main challenges and opportunities in modeling and optimization of supply biomass bioenergy productions. It reviews the main routes of energy from biomass for bioenergy from terrestrial and aquatic products for biofuels.

introduction Global biofuels production is growing

steadily and will continue. Biofuels offer greater energy security, reduced greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter, rural development, better vehicle performance and a reduction in oil demand.

Why?It is not a secret that fossil fuels (hydrocarbons) are finishing and we only hace resources for 20 years more, these are causing pollution, greenhouse damage to the ozone layer and therefore global warming; this is the reason why new alternatives are sought to meet these energy demands.

Cause In this paper we study the ability of

biomass to produce biofuels as these are more environmentally friendly, inexpensive and can be obtained from a variety of sources; that is the reason for studying several alternatives for the production of these.

How? We look for to optimize supply chains of

biomass for bioenergy, from aquatic and terrestrial biomass, moving from the laboratory to industrial plants behave like looking at these substrate concentrations to reproduce, high pressures and temperatures than operate among others.

Terrestrial raw materials Many types of biomass are available,

the first group includes grains of corn, sugar cane, soybeans, oilseeds, etc.. These raw materials are high in sugar or fat, and have a high yield after converted into bioethanol or biodiesel.

Terrestrial raw materials the use of these raw materials for the

production of biofuels could cause problems in terms of food prices and production.

The second group of materials are not edible starch, agricultural waste and forestry residues other crops

Aquatic raw materials Aquatic Biomass includes a diverse

group of photosynthetic algae and cyanobacteria ranging from (microalgae and cyanobacteria) to large seaweeds (macroalgae) Many macro algae, micro algae and cyanobacteria serve to drive the rapid growth of biomass. Certain strains make extremely efficient use of light and nutrients to grow.

Principal Products Ethanol and other alcohols Bio-diesel Drop-in biofuels

Intermediates products Sugars or carbohydrate derivatives lipids Syngas Bio-oil

methodologies used biochemical technologies The main biochemical conversion processes include pretreatment, hydrolysis, biological or chemical processing. thermochemical technologies used in addition to high temperature catalysts to change the physical properties and chemical structures of biomass resources. There are two major pathways thermochemical reaction: gasification and pyrolysis.

Process Diagram

inferenceThese are endless advantages and applications which have the production of biofuels, since they reduce the environmental impact considerably and also help meet the demand for oil in the world, as this is more cost-effective renewable and more environmentally friendly.

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