SEPTEMBER 2017

BIM Implementation Strategy

in the Czech Republic

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Contents 3.1 What is BIM? ............................................................................................................................ 5

3.2 Long-term benefits of using BIM ............................................................................................. 6

3.3 Use of BIM in procuring, designing, constructing and operation/management of buildings . 7

3.4 Life-cycle of buildings ............................................................................................................. 10

3.5 Specifics for transport structures and other types of infrastructure and special structures 10

4.1 Implementation of BIM in Europe ......................................................................................... 13

4.2 Implementation BIM in the Czech Republic .......................................................................... 16

5.1 Construction 4.0..................................................................................................................... 19

5.2 BIM model .............................................................................................................................. 21

5.3 Requirements for the properties of construction products and construction elements for

the creation of a building information model ....................................................................... 23

5.4 Content of the BIM documentation ...................................................................................... 24

5.5 BIM in relation to the budgets, costs and building schedule ................................................ 26

5.6 BIM and Facility Management (FM) ...................................................................................... 28

5.7 Connection to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) .......................................................... 30

5.8 Technical standards ............................................................................................................... 31

5.9 Ownership, copyright ............................................................................................................ 33

5.10 Mandatory/voluntary use of BIM .......................................................................................... 34

5.11 Public procurement ............................................................................................................... 35

5.12 Education ............................................................................................................................... 36

5.13 Pilot projects .......................................................................................................................... 38

6.1 Schedule of recommended measures ................................................................................. 40

6.2 Responsibility for the implementation of measures ............................................................. 41

6.3 Legislation related to the introduction of BIM ...................................................................... 44

6.4 Estimation of costs ................................................................................................................. 45

8.1 Annex 1 – Terms, definitions, abbreviations ......................................................................... 47

8.2 Annex 2 – List of technical standards .................................................................................... 50

8.3 Annex 3 – Literature .............................................................................................................. 51

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1 Foreword

This strategy was elaborated on the basis of Government Resolution No 958, on the importance of the

Building Information Modelling (BIM) method for building practice in the Czech Republic and the proposal

for further steps in its implementation, of 2 November 2016. In the Strategy, the Government expressed its

support for the introduction of the BIM method in the Czech Republic in connection with its influence on the

growth and competitiveness of the Czech economy and ordered the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MIT),

with the support of other ministries, to elaborate the BIM Implementation Strategy in the Czech Republic.

In addition to the MIT, the Ministry of Transport (MoT) through the State Fund for Transport Infrastructure

(SFTI) and experts from the BIM Expert Council (CzBIM) contributed to the elaboration of the Strategy. The

Strategy was consulted with a broad stakeholder group represented in the BIM Inter-Ministerial Expert Group

(IEG BIM), which was established under the MIT.

Motto:

Introducing the BIM method will save the cost of building,

renovation and operation of structures. By introducing the BIM

method into the non-digital construction sector, the State, as a

good manager, will be able to build and maintain more structures

for the same money than ever before.

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2 Introduction

Construction is a strategically important sector for the economy of the Czech Republic in terms of production,

job creation and construction and maintenance of the public space. However, it is one of the least digitized

sectors with a stagnant rate of labour productivity. There are systemic deficiencies in the construction

process regarding the level of cooperation, poor management of information and lack of investment in

technology, research and development. These deficiencies result in a low efficiency of public spending and a

higher financial risk due to possible unforeseeable expenditure overruns, delayed delivery of public

infrastructure and additional changes to building documentation. BIM (Building Information Modelling) is

one of the effective tools for fulfilling the principles of sustainable construction throughout the structure’s

life cycle. This applies to both the conceptual design phase, as well as construction phase, operation phase

and the phase after the structure’s lifespan. BIM is also very beneficial when changing completed structures

(renovations).

The implementation of the BIM method has similar importance to the construction industry as Industry 4.0

does for industrial sectors. BIM can sometimes be simplified as “digitization”. It resembles the revolution of

the technological and digital process that took place in the manufacturing sector in Europe between 1980

and 1990, resulting in an increase in productivity and resulting quality. BIM combines the use of computerized

3D modelling with information about structures to improve collaboration, coordination, and decision-making

in their construction and operation. For contracting authorities, this means that the construction and

administration of buildings should be more effective, the risks of cost overruns in (especially public

infrastructure) projects lower, and the transparency of the use of public funds higher. Closer cooperation

between all stakeholders combined with mutual trust is necessary. One of the positive effects of BIM

processes is that it leads to partial changes in thinking and attitudes.

BIM is becoming the global language in the construction industry, as it allows for a higher level of cooperation

across borders. It is assumed that BIM will become a common method of public procurement in the world,

and construction contracts in general. In order to maintain the competitiveness of the Czech construction

industry, it is necessary to respond to the emerging trend.

In 2014, the European Union recognized the usefulness of BIM for the public sector, as this method helps

achieve higher efficiency of spending and promotes innovation. Directive 2014/24/EU on public procurement

has allowed contracting authorities across Europe to request the use of BIM when awarding public contracts.

In the Czech Republic, this has also been possible since 1 October 2016 through Act No 134/2016, on public

procurement.

An increasing number of European governments and public sector organizations are setting up programmes

to promote wider use of BIM at national and regional levels. Government policy and public procurement

provide significant support to motivate positive changes in the sector.

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3 General information about BIM

3.1 What is BIM?

The principles of information modelling have been known since 1974 and have moved from the theoretical

level to practice in recent years. This is primarily due to the potential of information modelling that brings

savings, risk reduction, the use of efficient technologies and management systems based on data analysis.

The abbreviation “BIM” has been used more widely only since 2002. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is

a process of building, using and managing building data throughout its lifecycle. “M” can also be understood

as “Management”, which may better explain what the use of BIM allows, i.e. primarily the management of

information about a building (structure). It is necessary to distinguish between BIM as a model (a form of

database) and BIM as a process that uses the BIM model to exchange and share information, but also to

manage it. Similarly, “B” from the BIM abbreviation is not only limited to buildings. It does not just mean a

building, but to construction and construction process in general. Information modelling as a method of work

is generally applicable to any structure. It may be used not only in the building construction segment, but

also in transport construction, water construction and special and civil construction in general.

The Building Information Model can be imagined as a database of information, which may include complete

data from the initial design, construction and management of buildings and potential modifications to

completed structures (renovations) to their demolition, including the environmentally-friendly removal of

the building and restoration of the area to its original condition. In other words, all the information that can

be used throughout the life cycle of the building. All participants in the building process contribute to this

database. To maximize the BIM benefit, none of the parties involved in the life cycle of the building should

refuse to use the BIM model and enter current data to it. The key advantage of this collaboration and access

to information about the structure is collaboration without losing data and maintaining access to its current

version. This does not mean that everyone has to put all their knowledge and data into the model. However,

they should share information that is needed for other participants in the construction process.

Often, the 3D model itself is often mistaken for the building information model, even among professionals.

Here, we need to realize that BIM essentially includes not only the actual information, but also rules for

handling such information, and the 3D model is just one of many ways to present this information.

Non-geometric and complementary information (we say “parameters”, “attributes”, “properties”) of the

individual elements of which the 3D model is composed can

include design, material and utility properties, position in the

construction schedule, unit price, schedule of inspections and

replacements, investment and operating costs and more. In

this way, you can create a model of the real object, which

serves not only in the design and execution of a building, but

also in its operation and maintenance.

The technical heart of the BIM method is the Common Data

Environment (CDE), which includes all the information. That is,

not only the 3D model and its non-geometric data, but also all

other documents, communication between the project

participants and their processes in the various phases of the

building’s life cycle.

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3.2 Long-term benefits of using BIM

The transition to BIM is associated with a change in current processes, notably through the communication,

transmitting and sharing of data. The second area of change is the introduction of new technologies, which

enable BIM models to be created, utilized and to effectively promote change in communication and

processes across the life cycle of a building. The third important area is BIM’s contribution to sustainable

construction and total building quality. The most important benefits of using BIM throughout the life cycle

of the building are as follows:

- savings in costs and time calculated over the life cycle of the building;

- improving communication between building process participants;

- improving the control of the building process;

- improving the quality of the resulting work;

- avoidance of collisions (their detection before commencing construction) and misunderstandings

when working with information generated from old versions;

- increasing transparency and improving access to decision-making at different phases of the life-cycle

of the construction (even for non-technical professions working on the project);

- the real possibility of continuous integration of all the necessary professions during the design phase

of the project (e.g. budget expert, building administrator);

- environmental protection with an emphasis on energy savings (reducing the energy performance of

buildings) thanks to the simulation possibilities at the project preparation phase and the use of data

in the case of alterations to completed buildings (renovations) or their demolition;

- easier processing of different variants;

- streamlining the economic management of buildings (projects) from initial calculations, through

selection and ongoing calculations to actual invoicing;

- significant documents for the design, installation, operation and replacement of equipment;

- availability of up-to-date information in one place;

- support for the development of the national infrastructure database for spatial information.

Investments in the creation of a comprehensive multidimensional model is much more efficient than in

existing solutions thanks to wider distribution over time. This is despite the fact that the initial investment in

creating a BIM model is typically higher than in the traditional method as it is today (2D documentation,

spreadsheets, printed documents), and may require more time and expertise from the designer.

Estimated cost savings over the entire life-cycle of a building

Surveys in European countries show savings of 20% of the total cost over the entire life-cycle of a building

using the BIM method (source: UK Project Case Studies 2004 for BS1192: 2007). Savings for new buildings or

altering existing buildings (renovations) in public administration could be as follows:

Public works contracts in 2015 (complete data for 2016 were not available when the Strategy was being

prepared) amounted to CZK 118.7 billion/year (source: Information System of Public Contracts). The savings

of 20% would therefore be about CZK 23.7 billion per year in the case of public works contracts. This is an

optimistic scenario of savings expected in the case of BIM implementation into public contracts. This involves,

in particular, reducing the risk of additional costs due to items not included in the budget.

The basic distribution of a building’s costs over its life-cycle is given in Chapter 5.6. Costs are about 2% for

the design phase, 34% for the construction phase and 64% for management and maintenance.

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Assuming that the 34% share of costs for the construction of new buildings is the above amount of CZK 118.7

billion (for the reference period of 2015), 64% for the management and maintenance represents more than

CZK 223 billion. With the estimated average life of buildings of 50 years, the amount for their management

and maintenance is CZK 4.4 billion per year. With the above 20% savings, the introduction of the BIM method

could lead to expected annual savings in the management and maintenance of buildings built in 2015 of

approximately CZK 880 million.

When assessing the total life-cycle costs of a building, the costs of operation account for about 64%. In 2016,

total State assets registered by the Office for Government Representation in Property Affairs (UZSVM,

source: www.uzsvm.cz, 2016 Annual Report) were worth more than CZK 18.6 billion, of which 3,163 buildings

owned by the State (public administration) as of 31 December 2016 had management and maintenance

expenditure of approximately CZK 3.3 billion annually.

3.3 Use of BIM in procuring, designing, constructing and

operation/management of buildings

The basis of the BIM method is to bring together all participants involved in the preparation, construction

and subsequent operation of the building into one cooperating unit and in one place, throughout the entire

life-cycle of the building, including the continuity of its individual phases. This can be ensured if each

participant has an awareness of the benefits of the BIM method. A summary of the main benefits of using

BIM for individual participants is given in the table below.

Process

participant

Use / Benefit

Builder

(Investor)

the possibility to control the project and its costs in all its phases

faster integration of requests and changes

crucial information for decision-making is available at earlier phases

easier communication with other participants

possibility to improve the quality of buildings thanks to SW validation of

parameters and properties of the building materials, structures and products used

and their compliance with applicable standards

Designer /

Chief Designer

(Architect,

Engineer,

Technician)

more convenient work tools

easier modification of the design based on the requirements of the builder,

structural engineer, etc.

easier creation of variants

fast visualizations (no need to recreate the 3D model)

rapid response from structural engineer on design options

rapid energy analysis

smooth transition from a conceptual model to a specific one

eliminating the risk of structural collisions

Designer of

the

easier communication with the designer / chief designer over one model

easier incorporation of changes

easier communication with the builder

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construction

part

Designer of

technical

equipment

and the

technological

part of the

building

easier communication with the designer / chief designer, structural engineer and

designer of the construction part over one model

easier incorporation of changes

easier communication with the builder

savings when creating an analytical model

the option of a variant solution

the possibility of energy simulations

Structural

engineer

easier communication with the designer / chief designer and designer of the

construction part over one model

easier incorporation of changes

easier communication with the builder

savings when creating an analytical model

Technical and

author’s

supervision

easier control of the as-built status according to the BIM model

easier communication with other participants

better possibility to record modification and change requests

reduced risk of bad information transmission

Budget expert time saving thanks to automatically generated data for creating an inventory of

works, supplies and services, including change management

constant access to up-to-date information – more accurate valuation

the ability to quickly create cost variants for decision-making

clearer data logging for financial controlling (plan x reality)

rapid classification of individual construction elements through their easier

visualization in the model

Contractor access to up-to-date documentation

easier communication with the designers of individual professions over one model

checking compliance with the time and financial plan

reducing the number of collisions found during construction

possibility to prepare prefabrication

easier and clearer breakdown of the supplies and works carried out by

subcontractors, their coordination and control

more precise ordering of materials and thus lower waste generation

Facility

manager

the current building model filled with information on individual construction

products and components, including the supplier, and information on their

maintenance

simple reporting of construction products and elements, etc.

possibility to extend the model to include specific data for the FM

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simplified decision-making in operation, maintenance and alterations to the

completed building

Public

administration

all the benefits that apply to the builder

possibility to automatically check compliance between the design and mandatory

requirements (using model validators)

more efficient use of public funds

reduced risk of cost overruns in public works contracts

increased transparency of construction projects

an easier simulation of the energy performance of the building and the

optimization of its energy efficiency

the possibility to link different construction-related government registers for better

infrastructure planning

simpler and more reliable communication and presentation of project plans in

public hearings

support for the development of the national infrastructure database for spatial

information.

Building

certification

savings when creating an analytical model

possibility of automatic control of some aspects of the model

simpler quantification and more effective assessment of some aspects of the

sustainable construction concept

Generally, getting new benefits naturally requires going through a change and refinement process. This is all

the more true for the BIM method because it affects almost all the roles related to the building. The more

sophisticated the standardization / legal framework and education, the faster the whole process will be and

thus the expected processes will start to show in real life. Well prepared and evaluated pilot projects can play

a significant role here (see chapter 5.13).

The main general contribution of properly applied BIM is expected at the level of a gradual change in the

contemporary confrontational environment in the building industry to one of cooperation. If the

collaboration is properly established, secondary effects emerge, which lead to increased mutual trust, sharing

of the necessary information, elimination of duplicate work, and thus increased work efficiency. The funds

that these benefits can save are significant.

The above benefits then mainly accrue to the builder (investor), who gains real insight into all phases of

preparation, design, construction and management of the building. He is thus able to continuously evaluate

the progress towards the planned schedule, set-up and progress towards the planned costs of preparation

and construction and, last but not least, to have an overview of the estimated operating costs of the building.

This information, which can be reached in the early phases of the building’s life cycle, will allow more efficient

and longer-term allocation of the funds needed to complete the construction and its operation.

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3.4 Life-cycle of buildings

The lifecycle of a building is the time period from the creation of the project plan through design, construction

and use to demolition. It includes 4 basic phases – pre-investment, investment, operation and demolition.

Construction project

Pre-investment phase Investment phase Operation

phase

Demolition

phase Initiation Definition Design Construction Operation Demolition

Life-cycle of buildings

Project phase Operation

phase

Demolition

phase Phase of a building’s life-cycle Life-cycle of the use of a building

Compared with the current data processing method, where data life usually ends by passing a printed version

of the validated as-built documentation, the BIM data is intended for further use for the operation phase of

the building. The data model primarily benefits building operators, as the model includes, among other

things, all important building components, including their specific position and parameters. With a consistent

and correct use of the BIM method, the facility manager needs only a few steps to obtain for particular

equipment e.g. all the data from the execution and handover (all change requests, defects, or unfinished

work) related to it, including how they were handled. The data is thus available to all the involved in the

current version throughout the life-cycle of the building. Thus, facility management can use the data not

only to optimize operation, but also to timely plan maintenance work, inspections and alterations to

completed buildings (renovations).

3.5 Specifics for transport structures and other types of infrastructure

and special structures

Modelling of structures using appropriate SW in more than two dimensions is a method well known in a

number of design studios, geodetic companies and transport structure contractors. Especially in the case of

larger projects, this method allows achieving higher efficiency in the preparation of building documentation,

fewer errors and the preparation of documents for geodetic works and automation of construction

processes.

Transport structures

The Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic (MoT) and its subordinate organizations, such as the State

Fund for Transport Infrastructure (SFTI), Road and Motorway Directorate (RMD), Railway Infrastructure

Administration (RIA), and the Waterways Directorate (WD) are responsible for the construction,

modernization, repair and maintenance of the transport infrastructure (category 1 roads and motorways,

railways and waterways). In line with the technical policy and the development needs of the MoT, the

ministry, in cooperation with the SFTI, RMD, RIA and WD continuously creates new and updates (revisions,

amendments, additions) existing regulations in the field of transport infrastructure. The MoT’s technical

regulations, based on the latest and proven knowledge of science, technology and practice, are designed to

deliver optimal and rational solutions, particularly in terms of uniformity, economy, quality, reliability, service

life, health and environmental protection, safety of persons, works and building structures. The technical

conditions, which are part of the ministerial regulations, allow faster introduction of new knowledge into

practice compared to Czech technical standards (ČSN), more detailed and complex processing, depending on

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the needs of the sector and individual managers. These materials and their revisions, and thus the revision

of the BIM requirements and the actual information models of buildings, are key to their further use.

The standardization of BIM processes and the use of information models of buildings is important for

transport construction for several reasons. The first important factor is the considerable extent of the road,

rail and waterways networks. Compared to other types of buildings, the large volume of property is further

enhanced by the fact that transport infrastructure is predominantly owned by the State and local authorities.

The role of contracting authorities in the case of state-owned transport infrastructure is played by only three

very important investment organizations (RMD, RIA, WD). Transport structures carried out by these

contracting authorities are funded through the SFTI. The above indicates that there is a high degree of

concentration of powers and responsibility for transport infrastructure structures, which can be considered

as the second important factor. Both of these factors may mean that the decision on using information

models of transport structures will be simpler; on the other hand, the actual implementation of BIM

processes into practice will be more demanding, with more risks than in the case of buildings, and will require

solutions tailored to the needs of the State administration of each particular infrastructure.

In preparing this solution, we will also need to take into account other facts. An important specific aspect of

transport structures is their spatial location and the need to manage information models as geographic data.

In transport construction, we mainly talk about interconnected line construction works, unlike in the case of

building construction, dominated by point structures (located mainly on a concentrated area with a more

complex internal arrangement). This specificity is related both to SW tools used for the preparation of

information models and to the tools used for their use during project implementation. To manage these data,

geographic information systems are used, which will have to have a clearly defined link to the information

model of the construction work. Also, building structures do not have such a sophisticated system of

standardization as is the case with the technical conditions for transport structures.

For all transport structures, public interest protection, economical and efficient spending of funds, transport

safety, necessary uniformity of parameters, reliability, service life and quality of the work, security and data

protection must be ensured. In order for these to be ensured, the requirements for building information

models and methods for transport infrastructure structures should be in line with the National Strategy.

The State Fund for Transport Infrastructure has set up an expert working group composed of representatives

of the MoT, MIT, RMA, RIA, WD, academic community and experts nominated by professional associations

and unions. Simultaneously with this Strategy for the implementation of the BIM method in the Czech

Republic, a sectoral strategy for the implementation of buildings information modelling for the transport

sector is being prepared under the auspices of the STFI, with pilot projects being prepared for

implementation in 2017.

Public energy infrastructure works

The public energy infrastructure includes, in particular, power transmission and distribution systems, gas

transmission and distribution systems, district heating and oil and oil products transport structures (oil

pipelines and product pipelines). The power transmission and distribution system consists of overhead lines

(conductors with support points – masts, including other equipment), underground lines (electric cables in

the ground) and substations incl. transformer stations. The gas transmission and distribution system consists

of pipelines with facilities (compression, transfer and control stations, distribution nodes and track closures).

In the heating industry this involves thermal pipeline networks and transfer stations. Oil pipelines and

product pipelines are underground pipelines with service facilities, end-points and control station of the line

system operator.

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Similarly to the transport structures, these are lines, i.e. line structures, which is a fundamental difference

compared to building structures. Facilities located on power lines, such as compressor stations, substations

and others, contain mostly technological objects, and administrative and other buildings in the area.

It can thus be stated that, in terms of their construction execution, line power structures are very simple in

design, where the need to use the BIM method is still to be assessed. The BIM method is expected to be used

in buildings that are part of the public power infrastructure.

Water management structures

The BIM method can also be applied to selected water management structures. These are, in particular,

important structures of water management infrastructure, which are similar to building / traffic structures.

These structures are predominantly point structures, whose characteristics do not change over time

depending on natural conditions, or change in a controlled manner. These are structures such as dams, large

weirs and water reservoirs, sailing chambers, hydro plants, waste water treatment plants, complex flood

protection measures or significant waterway modifications, etc.

On the other hand, there are water structures that are structurally simple, they are considerably influenced

by natural effects (water flow, sedimentation, etc.) during their lifetime, and are therefore often

unpredictably shaped and functionally unstable. These include, for example, structures of common

watercourse modifications, trough reinforcements, simple flood dams, ponds and small water reservoirs,

small objects on watercourses (e.g. limnigraphs, measurement profiles, transverse thresholds, gravel

grooves, slides, fish passes, etc.), as well as activities such as certain revitalizations of watercourses, dredging

of deposits, vegetation reinforcements, etc., as well as repairs and maintenance of the above. Often, because

of their size, they are constructionally simple but very costly. For these types of structures, increased input

investments in BIM modelling would apparently not outweigh the low amount of information that the BIM

model would contain.

For the above reasons, it would be advisable to set up an expert group for BIM with a focus on water

management structures, made up of representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture and organizations

associating project organizations, contractor companies, owners and operators in the field of water

management structures, which would simultaneously serve as a consultative and advisory body in in this

area.

The example of water management structures clearly shows that the application of the BIM method must

also take into account the type of structure. This circumstance will be analyzed in the context of the further

development of BIM (pilot projects) and the mandatory use of BIM in public procurement will be specified

according to the conclusions of the evaluation of pilot projects and taking into account the specific aspects

of individual types of structures. An important variable will also be the detail level of BIM for each type of

structure.

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4 Analysis of the current state

4.1 Implementation of BIM in Europe

The BIM is not implemented only in the Czech Republic. The activities for setting the conditions and rules are

emerging around the world, and plans are being prepared in individual countries to implement BIM either

for public procurement or for the entire construction industry. In some countries, the rules are already in

place, other countries the states focus on managing their public assets, or on technical standardization.

Approaches vary also according to the stage of development of the local construction market. The following

table shows the selection of European countries active in BIM implementation:

Country

Rules

prepared

from

Focus (BS vs

Infrastructure) Note

Financial

support /

Costs

Norway 2007 building

structures and

infrastructure

mandatory in public procurement

since 2010

N/A

Stattsbygg, Norwegian Public Roads a National Rail Administration

Finland 2001 building

structures

focused on State administration

buildings and their FM, mandatory

since 2007 (1st version of

requirements), update of COBIM

2012 requirements

N/A

2015 infrastructure the BIM model as part of the

transport digitization plan (2016–

2018), the so-called INFRABIM

requirements

Senaatti Properties, Finnish Transport Agency

Denmark 2007 building

structures and

infrastructure

mandatory for State public

procurement over EUR 2.7 million

(DKK 20 million) from 2011; from

2013 update of requirements for

“digital structure” (from DKK 5 million

for State PP, DKK 20 million for

regions and municipalities)

N/A

bips (Byggeri Informationsteknologi Produktivitet Samarbejde), The

Palaces and Properties Agency, The Danish University and Property

Agency and Defence Construction Service

Netherlands 2010 mandatory over EUR 10 million from

11/2011, BIM Loket (gateway) from

N/A

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2015 – source of BIM information,

emphasis on interconnection with GIS

Dutch Building Information Council (BIR), Central Government Real Estate

Agency (Rgd Standard for Building Information Modelling)

United

Kingdom

2011 - 2016 building

structures and

infrastructure

BIM Level 2 mandatory from 2016;

2017–2020 is for verification pilot

projects; Digital Build Britain for BIM

Level 3 is currently being developed

N/A

BIM Task Group and RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architects)

France 2015 building

structures and

infrastructure

at the central level, focused on good

examples and evaluation of

completed projects; now expected to

be mandatory from 2017

EUR 20 million

for 3 years

Plan Transition Numerique dans le Batiment

Federal

Republic of

Germany

2015 mostly

infrastructure

2017–2020 pilot projects, BIM

mandatory from 2020 for all public

procurement projects

EUR 30 million

for pilot

infrastructure

projects Platform Digitales Bauen

Spain 2016 building

structures and

infrastructure

government strategy is delayed,

strategy 7/2015, mandatory from

2018 for building structures, 2019

infrastructure

N/A

Ministry of Public Works

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The expanding interest in the BIM method can be illustrated by the map of countries that are involved in the

technical standardization for this area within the International Commission ISO/TC59/SC13 (blue states – ISO

members; yellow states – observers). At the same time, countries that already have mandatory BIM use at

different levels are also marked. The year is the deadline for introducing mandatory use of BIM in individual

countries.

In European countries, there is an evident effort to combine local conditions and new approaches, but at the

same time the effort to establish mutual communication and sharing of experience. Therefore, at EU level,

the EU BIM Task Group has been set up to produce recommendations based on country-specific information.

However, the specific BIM implementation system must be addressed by each country itself. The Czech

Republic has its representative in this group.

After a comparison of different approaches, it can be stated that the most appropriate approach for the

Czech Republic will be one based on the implementation of BIM by the public sector. The respective

ministries will be responsible for the tasks arising from this Strategy (see Chapter 6.2). The MIT will ensure

coordination and communication between the responsible ministries, professional institutions and the

commercial sector in order to avoid fragmentation, inefficient duplication of activities and, in particular, the

ambiguity of the necessary sub-steps to meet the overall objective.

The basis should be technical standards made at international level, with their minimum adaptation to local

conditions. The determination of the content and level of detail of the information model should be made

on the basis of practical requirements and verified on selected pilot projects. The content of the model should

also include the requirements and statements of all the authorities concerned which are necessary for the

siting and permitting of the structure.

Based on experience from countries where BIM is already in use, it seems that it is essential for public

administration to work with people and manage change in the implementation of their existing activities.

One of the key means of implementing BIM in public administration is the support and implementation of

pilot projects. Through pilot projects, the builder gains experience in the awarding, control and

implementation of BIM projects. This experience is further evaluated and taken into account in the materials

being prepared. It is also thanks to pilot projects that the market environment is cultivated and the market

outputs are gradually standardized. The basis for the successful implementation of BIM throughout the life

cycle of a construction project (here, project does not mean only the actual design phase of the project) is

Finland: 2007 Norway: 2010 Netherlands: 2011 Denmark: 2011 UK: 2016 France: 2017 Spain: 2018 Germany: 2020

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the consistent deployment and use of a common data environment (CDE) available to all project participants.

CDE is the information and communication center. Only in this way can the project information (including a

3D model linked to other non-geometric data) be controlled, ensuring that all up-to-date information is

available to the investor in one place.

Perhaps the most affected area will be the cooperation of individual participants in the construction process.

Here, it is possible to learn lessons and start as soon as possible with massive awareness-raising explaining

the nature of the changes with the gradual use of the BIM method (see chapter 5.12). Another area

concerned will also be the way documentation is handed over. The aim is complete digitization of the

construction sector and electronic transmission of information. The EU countries aim at a transition of

communication with State administration from paper to electronic form. By comparing different countries

and by consultations, it has been verified that individual countries are dealing with very similar issues, each

country just emphasizes a somewhat different aspect of implementation.

Recommendation:

provide for the activity of a State publicly co-funded organization which will in particular ensure the

fulfilment of the tasks resulting from this Strategy

publish the requirements, procedures and methodologies using technical standardization, or other

documents, as they are more advantageous compared to legislation (to be used only in the necessary

cases, e.g. in connection with the drafting of the new building law and related regulations)

draw inspiration from the experience of foreign pilot projects and already implemented projects that used

BIM for at least a part of the process and to look for incentives for expert discussion on the possibilities of

their use in the creation of Czech methodology

define clearly and comprehensibly the obligation to use BIM for public works contracts financed from

public budgets, from a certain size and type of structure with a sufficiently long preparatory period (see

chapter 5.11)

4.2 Implementation BIM in the Czech Republic

The BIM method started to be discussed more extensively in the Czech Republic in 2011. This was due to the

activities of innovative design companies that saw their development in 3D, but, at that time, without any

further use of the data throughout the structure’s life cycle. There has not been much talk about the transfer

of BIM data and its meaning.

At present, there are already designs of structures that are reported to have been prepared using the BIM

method. An interesting thing was also the award of a special prize for the use of BIM for the 2016 Building of

the Year award. In most cases, however, the use of BIM was only partial for separate stages of the

construction process. Moreover, given that national standards are not defined, participants in each project

have to agree on their own conditions, which is in many cases beyond their professional and time capacity.

This leads to the creation of data sets that have a different content and structure of data and whose use is

problematic in later stages of the project. Since 2012, we have seen the gradual adoption of the ISO and CEN

technical standards for BIM (see Chapter 5.8); however, their application also requires the elaboration of

examples of use (i.e. create examples of their application in contemporary practice).

In common practice, BIM modelling is most often found in architectural and building solutions of building

documentation, and partly also in structural engineering calculations (mostly inputs from the construction

part). Similar results are for the “technical equipment of buildings” part, where designers are able to use BIM

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model outputs (3D) for their designs as input and possibly provide back their outputs in 3D for coordination.

For these professions, however, this is very rare, especially because the habits and standards for 2D

documentation of technical equipment of buildings differ from the approach in the BIM method.

In the construction phase, some construction companies have already discovered the benefits of sufficient

information from the previous phases. Let’s list at least the main benefits:

- preventing collisions on the site, the possibility of collision detection already in the design phase

- the possibility of planning the progress of construction and more accurate planning of the required

material at a given time and amount

- the possibility to use prefabrication

- the possibility to use automation

- more precise control of completed work and its quality

The areas of valuation and facility management are far removed from the practical use of the BIM method

for one common reason – the lack of a technical standard of information contained in 3D models (for more

details, see chapter 5.2).

Progressive entities are building material manufacturers. They are spontaneously creating individual libraries

of elements. Some manufacturers already have such libraries and catalogs on their websites, but mostly they

only create partial data, often intended only for selected SW tools. The actual use of BIM in practice requires

the definition of requirements for the properties of construction products and elements for the creation of

a BIM model. The Strategy addresses the proposed solution in chapter 5.3.

Generally, BIM is currently used mainly in the commercial sector, especially in relation to creating and

working with the 3D model. There are first cautious attempts to implement the BIM Execution Plan and to

begin to gradually address and use the basic processes of the BIM method. Real practice is hindered by very

little knowledge, media distortions, or narrow commercial interests of some vendors of a particular SW

solution.

Educational institutions in the Czech Republic also started to respond to the emerging trend of BIM. Some

high schools and universities are trying to introduce BIM into their curricula, but they have to face a number

of problems (such as staffing). BIM is also reflected by lifelong learning providers and the growing expertise

of consulting companies that help implement BIM. A significant impediment to the proper implementation

of BIM in education is a lack of established practice and an ambiguous or non-standardized view of how to

properly implement BIM.

Lack of better use of information in the downstream phases of the lifecycle prevents the extension of the

BIM method in the Czech Republic. There is a clear lack of basic standards, i.e. rules and procedures, and a

shift from the fragmentation of the overall process to cooperation. The solution is not only to define the basic

requirements and rules, but also to put more emphasis on increasing the awareness and education of all

potential participants of BIM-based projects and especially those who can best utilize the resulting data. At

present, the largest activity can be seen in project companies, but a lack of activity can be seen among the

contracting entities procuring building documentation, construction companies and construction

administrators, i.e. where the BIM methodology would be most beneficial.

An important question that needs to be addressed remains the availability of BIM standards and tools for all

those involved in the entire construction process. In general, standards in the form of Czech technical

standards are available for a fee. Other standards created within the Strategy will be publicly available for

free. The SW tools for building the BIM model are available for a fee. Some SW tools for viewing the BIM

model are available for free.

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Recommendation:

The recommendations for the Czech Republic can be found in the following texts of Chapter 5.

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5 Key topics related to BIM

5.1 Construction 4.0

A much higher efficiency using the BIM method can be achieved if it is part of a more general strategy of

digitization of the entire construction industry (Construction 4.0), which is expected to be prepared for the

Czech Republic. The adoption of the BIM Implementation Strategy is the first major step in digitizing the

construction industry.

Here it is possible to draw inspiration from the industry sector, whose driver is the effort to ensure

competitiveness, innovation and productivity gains. Worldwide, one of the main tools to achieve these goals

is the widespread use of computer systems. This area has achieved massive development over the last ten

years and has offered the industry a huge potential, which it can actually start using for its needs. In general,

the term “industrial digitization” is used for the interconnected use of computers, while globally the term

Industry 4.0 has been used. The dynamics of these changes and their importance in the formation of the

whole society was termed “4th Industrial Revolution”.

Countries believe it will strengthen their competitiveness. That is why Industry 4.0 has become the basis for

national programmes in a number of countries formulated in 2014–2015 (for example: USA, France,

Germany, China, Japan and elsewhere). The Czech study entitled “National Initiative Industry 4.0” was

completed on 3 February 2016 and became the basis for Resolution No 729 of the Government of the Czech

Republic of 24 August 2016.

It needs to be addressed as a global issue, i.e. “Society 4.0” in all areas of economic and social life, which

follows on the Action Plan for the Development of the Digital Market, which was approved by Resolution No

917 of the Government of the Czech Republic of 17 October 2016. In order to effectively implement the

agendas associated with the 4th Industrial Revolution, Resolution No 119 of the Government of the Czech

Republic of 15 February 2017 approved the establishment of Society 4.0 Alliance, which aims to establish an

interministerial coordination mechanism. Among other things, the Alliance should set up work and

coordinating committees for each of the 4.0 agendas (it is assumed that a Construction 4.0 committee will

be established).

Construction is developing more slowly in this area; both in the Czech Republic and in the EU it belong to

sectors where labour productivity is growing slowly. This is probably due to the increasing complexity of

buildings and their constructions, responding to various energy, environmental and other requirements, but

also by the widespread use of low-productivity workforce. Construction industry is a relatively conservative

sector, and this is reflected in its ability to invest resources in innovation in the area of information

technology.

In this process, the State can play a very positive stimulating role if the construction industry offers a clearly

formulated strategy for the development of its own digitization of processes so that all entities involved in

the individual projects can naturally follow it. However, Construction 4.0 does not include only a narrow

definition of the “construction industry”, but the entire construction process from the conditions for siting

the structure and selecting the site, through project and investment preparation, actual construction to

operation and maintenance of structures.

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It follows from the above that this Strategy is the first part of a comprehensive strategy Construction 4.0,

which should cover all the areas affected by construction projects during their entire lifecycle. To illustrate,

let us specify only the areas related to the BIM methodology, which are offered in the first place:

- a standardized data format for public procurement tenders;

- linking GIS systems with 3D models, which represent the core of BIM processes;

- Cadastre of Real Estate and land-use planning;

- standardized records of State property administration;

- electronic processes for the siting and permitting of buildings, including related statements and

opinions.

The benefits for the State from achieving these goals are so significant that they are worth the major changes

that need to be made for them to become commonplace. These benefits primarily include increasing the

work productivity, transparency and, above all, the ability of the State to have a controlled approach to

current information and to effectively link it in real time to its other agendas.

The term “e-Government” is also related to the above-mentioned topics. In the Czech Republic, this agenda

is under the responsibility of the Ministry of the Interior. The notion of e-Government means governance

using modern electronic tools to make public administration friendly to citizens, more accessible, more

efficient, faster and cheaper. The e-Government pillars were built in the 2007–2013 programming period

using EU Structural Funds in line with the Smart Administration strategy. Below is a brief list of the most

important agendas that came out of this initiative:

- Czech POINT – contact points providing one-stop access for citizens to a range of documents and

services, which were until then obtained at several different offices;

- data boxes – a tool for official electronic communication with the State, which replaced the classic

envelopes with a colour stripe;

- national registers – containing up-to-date data, which, in most cases, officials do not have to

repeatedly request from citizens.

The next step in ensuring that official matters are available at any time and from any place over the Internet

is the gradual deployment of smart electronic forms.

An important topic for e-Government in the field of construction is in particular the electronic permission

processes (leading to the siting, permitting and approval of the structure) and the subsequent linking of the

building data to existing registers and asset management systems. Many of the tasks required for BIM

application can take advantage of existing rules from already functioning e-Government components.

In addition to the topics mentioned above (Society 4.0, e-Government), the Action Plan for the Development

of the Digital Market also touches on SMARTCities (SMARTRegions). Smart cities is one of the concepts for

applying sustainable development principles to city organization that relies on the use of modern

technologies to improve the quality of life and streamline public governance. The SMARTCity concept covers

not only energy and transport, it can also be applied to waste and water management, e-Government and

crisis management. BIM is one of the tools that can significantly boost the development of these activities.

Every structure is part of a larger unit and connected to its surroundings. Using BIM will allow for better

coordination, more information on these connections in designing and monitoring the “behaviour” of a

structure in use, their comparisons and other activities. The BIM model can therefore be seen as a source of

information for further use of structures. In addition, the application of BIM assumes uniform data structured

models of structures in a given area. The information is thus available with the same structure and content.

Recommendation:

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support the introduction of the BIM method as a necessary condition for the future transition to electronic

permitting processes of structures and the overall digitization of the construction sector.

maximise the use of already established procedures of related fields such as electronic document transfer,

electronic signature, electronic invoicing, data security

in connection with the anticipated digitisation of permitting processes of structures, use the BIM to

quantify the financial needs of the entities concerned

set up Construction 4.0 Committee under the Society 4.0 Alliance to coordinate the digitization of the

construction sector

5.2 BIM model

Every structure consists of construction products, materials and structures (elements). The BIM model is a

digital version of the actual building. It incorporates geometric data in the form of a 3D model and non-

geometric data. Non-geometric data includes a number of management and supporting documents of

structures, such as site diary, schedule, OSH documents, outputs from decision-making processes of building

authorities, and others. All documents that are part of the BIM documentation are stored in a common data

environment (CDE), which forms the source of a valid version of the documentation. Some documents may

also be linked to certain elements of a 3D model.

If BIM models are to fulfil their expected role as an important part of the BIM method, and a significant source

of structured data for other specialized applications (e.g. pricing, scheduling, facility management), they must

be highly standardized. Without standardization of source data, it is not possible to program any interfaces

between systems and subsequently offer functionality that significantly improves the efficiency and quality

of work of users of specialized applications.

The standardization of BIM models can be divided into two areas – format and content. The format's standard

has already been globally established as the IFC format. Therefore, there is no point in considering any

national standardization. The IFC format is already part of the Czech system of standards as ČSN EN ISO

16739:2017. Its further updates will now be adopted as part of the EN ISO 16739-x series. It would be

appropriate to translate the terminological parts of this standard into Czech so that all participants in the

Methods BIM model

elements

BIM

model

Processes

Construction

products and

building

elements

Structure

Dig

ital

wo

rld

P

hys

ical

wo

rld

22 / 51

building process use the same terms, and that their meanings are clearly defined when defining certain

parameters.

Much more complicated is the standardization of the content of data stored inside the BIM model. There is

no single standardization within the EU, so Member States have to address this issue at national level. The

determining input for this standardization is the level of detail of the model, i.e. the precise determination

of the project phase for which the model is being prepared. It is primarily necessary to determine the purpose

of using the model. At present, lack of standardization often leads to models being required in too much

detail in relation to their planned use, which may have a negative impact on wider adoption of BIM in the

Czech Republic.

For 3D models, the abbreviation LOD is used (Level of Detail, Level of Development, Level of Definition). A

new term “LOG” (Level of Geometry) is also starting to be used. The exact definition of these terms is

currently being prepared by CEN. There are several other systems defining this standard, but there is no

global standard for assigning them to project phases. It is necessary to create a Czech standard and define

the levels of structure documentation and their level of detail. For reasons of compatibility, it is necessary to

also keep track of developments at European level. It will be effective if the Czech Republic develops national

standards drawing inspiration from European countries that may sooner or later be expected to set the

trends in terms of standardization and further development of the BIM method (e.g. Great Britain, the

Netherlands, Germany).

Information stored in the BIM model can be divided into two groups by its purpose:

- geometric data (visual appearance of an element);

- non-geometric data (properties and parameters of the individual elements of a model, or

management and supporting documents of a structure).

The first area of standardization for both groups is the division of the elements into set groups, i.e. their

sorting. The second area of standardization is the scope of non-geometric data (LOI – Level of Information)

in relation to the LOD (depending on the structure documentation level). This standardization is key to

creating an interface for other SW systems mentioned at the beginning of this chapter. An important element

supporting this standard will be the creation of a database of required and recommended properties of

construction products and building elements (see chapter 5.3).

All information about a structure will be stored in a shared repository – the CDE. The CDE environment means

a common environment for one project, not a common environment for all public contracts. It will be up to

each contracting authority to choose the CDE in which it will execute its contract and allow all the contract

participants to access it. Within the upcoming methodology, specific conditions and rules for the use of CDE

throughout the life cycle of the structure, including requirements for the safety of management of stored

data by its provider, will be recommended based on analysis and international experience.

Data and information standardized in the form of methodologies and recommended standards are expected

to be publicly accessible. Standards in the form of Czech technical standards will be accessible in accordance

with applicable legal regulations.

Recommendation:

standardize the content of the data for each level of model detail in relation to the relevant building

documentation levels

determine a standard for the scope and content of non-geometric data for each type of model element

establish the IFC as a format with nation-wide support for sharing the BIM models among individual

participants in the structure’s life-cycle

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harmonise the terminology

develop a methodology for the selection of the CDE by the contracting authority, including

recommendations on the conditions and rules for its use throughout the life-cycle of the structure, also

with regard to requirements for data management safety by the CDE provider and archiving requirements

analyze the control documents concurrently used on construction sites and other sources of information

and the need for their inclusion in the BIM model

evaluate the methods of keeping a digital construction site diary

5.3 Requirements for the properties of construction products and

construction elements for the creation of a building information

model

To support the use of BIM models by entities in the construction industry (manufacturers, project companies,

contractors, etc.), it is necessary to ensure the quality of the transmitted data. It is necessary to establish

standards for the transmission of information and to clearly define the requirements for the properties of

construction products for the creation of the information model of buildings. Without this standardization,

the resulting quality of the model being received could vary depending on the type of SW used for building

design.

Software interoperability must be ensured, based on neutral and stable open data formats. The IFC format,

which meets this requirement, is currently the only common format supported by SW vendors for designing

buildings, and complies with ISO 16739 (adopted as ČSN EN ISO 16739:2017). This format also contains the

definition of the parameters (properties) of the individual elements of the model, which the SW can already

transmit between each other.

Due to the fragmentation of the market for individual types of SW and the ever-developing IFC standard, it

is appropriate to set the requirements for the properties of individual construction products as universal, so

that they can be processed in any SW, either by manufacturers of construction products, by BIM library

processors or by designers. The properties of products can then be linked by means of a database to the IFC

format according to ISO 16739. Whoever creates and then transmit a model in the IFC format will not be

limited to a specific software solution. The aim is to standardize output, not workflow. This is based on the

properties of construction products that are declared by manufacturers in declarations of product properties,

declarations of conformity, or in technical documentation. The declared properties of construction products

must be based on applicable regulations.

Harmonized construction products are governed by Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament

and of the Council laying down harmonized conditions for the marketing of the construction products. Non-

harmonized area of construction products is governed by Government Decree No 163/2002, laying down

technical requirements for selected construction products, as amended. At present, the issue of construction

products is fragmented, complex and in many cases there are no mandatory properties for the products.

Better clarity and simplification of this area will be brought by the forthcoming Construction Products Act,

which the Ministry of Industry and Trade should submit to the Government of the Czech Republic by the end

of 2018. The regulation also provides for the required properties of construction products. The MIT aims to

link these properties by means of a database with the IFC format and the standard described in chapter 5.2.

The database of properties of construction products is the basis for the creation of the database of

construction elements, which will form the basis for compiling 3D models and other applications used in the

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BIM method, so that individual elements and element databases of information models can be created in a

unified fashion. The definition of each database element will contain a geometric representation of the

element (LOD) for each level of building documentation and non-geometric data (LOI, minimum level of

required information, descriptive data and technical parameters) in a standardized structure for individual

element types. In the geometric part, the volume of data is significantly increased by the individual vendors

of CAD/BIM systems, which are mutually incompatible. At present, a database of building elements is already

being created.

Validation software programs (validators) will constitute a very important functionality ensuring that all data

contained in the model conform to the applicable BIM model requirements. This tool will be crucial for

contracting authorities procuring building documentation, since it will enable them to create a “one-click”

protocol of non-conformities of the information model with specified requirements. Knowledge of this

process and the general accessibility of this tool to model creators will lead in the long run to significant

efficiency and quality improvements, as they will be able to carry out this control themselves before

submitting the model to the contracting authority.

The role of the State should be limited to the management of a publicly available standard describing the

requirements for product properties for their incorporation into buildings. These requirements will have to

be respected in the creation of information models and individual libraries of BIM model elements and tools

for their operation, the creation of which will be left by the State to individual commercial solutions.

Recommendation:

create and maintain a portal/database of required and recommended properties of construction products

in connection with the forthcoming Construction Products Act

assign the IFC parameters to the properties of construction products in the database

determine the content and structure of minimum required data (both geometric and non-geometric) for

individual types of construction elements

ensure appropriate software solutions (validators) to verify compliance of the scope of BIM element

properties in libraries with this standard, including their proper designation for effective creation of BIM

models. This tool is critical for streamlining project work and minimizing BIM adaptations.

ensure appropriate software solutions (validators) to verify compliance of BIM content with the standard

defining the requirements for non-geometric data of BIM elements; this tool is critical to improving and

simplifying the control of the BIM models received by contracting authorities

5.4 Content of the BIM documentation

The BIM documentation, its content and structure should be currently based on Decree No 499/2006 on

building documentation, as amended by Decree No 62/2013 and Decree No 146/2008 on the scope and

content of the project documentation for transport structures. The Building Act does not have to explicitly

mention the existence of the BIM method, it should only create the conditions for the possibility of electronic

submission of documentation. Due to the rapid development of information technology, it is better to

address specific technical requirements in a different form – e.g. through technical standards or

methodologies issued by recognized professional and interest organizations.

Due to the gradual implementation of the BIM method, it is appropriate to initially leave the current 2D

documentation as it is, and define the BIM documentation as another possible option. The builder will then

25 / 51

be able to choose whether to use the BIM method or the classic 2D documentation. As with the transition

from manual to computer-based creation of documentation, we can expect that the BIM method will become

dominant after stakeholders become familiar with the new information technologies, and the importance of

standard documentation will gradually diminish.

If the BIM method is used, the requirement for as-built documentation will change. Nowadays, as-built

documentation can be delivered as a certified copy of the project documentation for the building permit

proceedings, with annexed drawings of deviations. For the BIM method, deviations need to be incorporated

into the resulting BIM model, otherwise its content is pointless for subsequent management and

maintenance of the building because it will not describe the "as-is” state of the building. Individual deviations

showing differences and changes between BIM models at different phases of the project documentation

must be clearly identifiable so that the “as-built” execution of the building (with modifications or additions)

is part of the BIM model. To support the use of the BIM method, it is necessary to create contractual and

technical aids (model contracts, terms and conditions, technical conditions), which, if legal requirements are

respected, will facilitate and regulate the contractual practice in construction.

No rules are currently in place for the electronic submission of documentation; therefore, all land-use,

building permit and use permit procedures are based on “paper” documentation. The content of standard

2D documentation may in some cases be replaced by a clearer and more accurate documentation in the form

of a BIM model. Most BIM software tools allow the creation of both standard documentation and BIM model.

To fully utilize the BIM, it is advisable to consider reviewing the content of the documentation required for

the decision or permission pursuant to the Building Act. There are also no rules for the phase that follows the

project documentation – valuation. Here too, it will be necessary to harmonize the requirements so that

electronic procurement can be used, as well as contract valuation and further processing (see chapter 5.11).

To determine the content and structure of the documentation, it will be necessary to use the results in

chapter 5.2 on the BIM model.

The aim of introducing the BIM method is first to introduce the possibility of electronic submission of building

documentation (e.g. in pdf), which the current Building Act does not allow. After analysing the needs of

building authorities and other relevant authorities associated with full digitization, the digitization of the

permitting processes using BIM will be prepared and subsequently introduced. The full implementation of

the BIM will follow on the recodification of public building law.

Recommendation:

prepare sample contract terms or model contracts

determine the content and structure of the model for issuing a decision/permission pursuant to the

Building Act

in relation to the use of the BIM method, assess the need to revise the content of the documentation

required for the siting, permitting and approval of buildings and, if necessary, to carry out the revision

evaluate the current situation and propose solutions for the electronic submission of building

documentation (e.g. in pdf) in connection with the use of BIM

quantify the financial needs of building authorities and the relevant authorities associated with the

anticipated digitization of building permitting processes

propose a way to ensure the integrity of building documentation, i.e. the way of securing the submitted

documentation so that it can be demonstrated that no change has occurred after the handover and that

the BIM model is not damaged (either intentionally or by mistake)

digitization of building permitting processes using BIM

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5.5 BIM in relation to the budgets, costs and building schedule

The valuation phase (referred to as 5D) will be significantly affected by the introduction of the BIM method.

The existing valuation methods and customs have long been rooted in practice in the Czech Republic, and

their change will be a lengthy and very demanding process, both for the creators of the new single

methodology and for all the positions that calculate price (for example, budget experts). The whole process

should be evolutionary but with the appropriate dynamics to ensure that progressive changes are validated

in practice, and corrections are quickly integrated into the new valuation methodology. The task of the future

professional discussion is the form and level of detail of this new standardized valuation methodology with

the possibility of further revisions as the environment evolves; the price should be created in cooperation of

all authors of price systems. One of the approaches can be to determine only the basic binding structure

descriptor and leave a detailed specification of the technology to individual price system makers.

The overall contribution of the BIM and the concentration of all project data in one common data

environment (CDE) provides a real opportunity to effectively involve budget experts in the project

preparation process, thus providing relevant financial calculations for the implementation of the entire

project from the very beginning. The accuracy and valuation methodology will, of course, depend on the

project phase, but sharing information in the CDE will allow gradual refinement, different variants and

transparent archiving of the entire process. In order to exploit the full potential of information available in

the BIM model built during the design of a building, valuation systems will need to be directly linked to data

stored in the IFC format, which is the only open standard for storing BIM models. This means that there must

be a methodology to compile a complete list of items describing the whole project, not only a list of products,

but also their assembly and above all the structural elements. For each item, a unit of measurement must be

clearly defined, and there must be a system to determine its quantity from the geometric (3D) part of the

BIM model.

It is clear that the valuation methodology must respect the requirement for subsequent algorithmisation in

individual valuation systems. If the process is to be effective and unambiguous for valuation, methodical

standardization of 3D modelling and standardization of the structure of non-geometric data on individual

model elements will be necessary (see chapter 5.2). Otherwise, the valuation will be very lengthy and

demanding, requiring high costs for the inventory of construction works, supplies and services, and BIM

benefits will be suppressed.

Linking pricing systems to 3D models will bring accurate and, above all, automated detection and

transmission of changes, both in terms of the quantities of individual elements/items, as well as in the

detection of elements added to or removed from the model. Here too, the work of the budget expert is an

unavoidable part of the process, but it will change, focusing more on compiling the price according to more

precise documents, without the need to perform a mechanical work of checking inconsistencies of inputs

from all participants in the construction. Change management will therefore be much more effective, but

especially completely transparent.

By creating standardized and, if possible, simple valuation methodologies along with the standardization of

3D models, the industry can benefit from significant financial savings due to work efficiency, accelerated

process and significant elimination of human error.

Another separate chapter is the final valuation of the inventory of construction works, supplies and services.

Here a significant role may be played by potential makers of the price system, who could offer the State

administration initial baseline unit prices for individual items, as is currently the case, for example, in the

Ministry of Transport. However, it is never to be expected that this database will contain a complete range

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of valuation items and prices valid for each individual project, so, of course, a qualified budget expert will still

be needed for good valuation. Here lies the key quality in a budget expert – to assess each project specifically

because each construction project is truly unique and no price system can take this into consideration in its

unit prices. This must continue to be done by a qualified professional.

The provision of pricing systems may, of course, continue to be the subject of commercial competition, but

valuation methodology should be only one and, therefore, under the control of State administration.

Should the State be able to link this standardized valuation methodology to data standards for procurement

tenders (see chapter 5.11), it would gradually acquire valuable knowledge that could subsequently be used

efficiently in the evaluation of tenders for similar new contracts or their parts. It is possible to consider here

that the State can statistically process these prices and subsequently publish them as its indicative pricing

system, while respecting the individuality of each individual project. These documents can serve as the basis

for determining extremely low bid price, thereby facilitating decision making and providing a good basis for

rejecting possible objections in this respect. Another effect of this approach will undoubtedly be the

cultivation of the entire construction process, both in the initial selection phase and especially in relation to

potential extra work. These principles could be readily used even for commercial construction.

Scheduling in a BIM environment (referred to as 4D) refers to the interconnection of individual model

elements with an externally processed schedule (timetable). It is created by standard scheduling tools. This

interconnection between the elements of the nD model and schedule allows the modelling of the

construction process, an animation allowing to verify the completeness and correctness of the proposed

implementation process and the feasibility of the individual structures or technological units and the

scheduling of their execution.

The detail level of the display of each phase of a building project depends on the selected detail level of the

BIM model and schedule, i.e. the level of aggregation of model elements and schedule items. The degree of

aggregation should reflect the key activities (and real technological and technical requirements for

construction) and display options; the schedule should not be too detailed. The degree of aggregation of the

schedule items and the breakdown of the 3D model determine the subsequent complexity of linking

animation elements. The data structure of both inputs is crucial in this respect for easily linking the schedule

with the model.

If the content of the model information is prepared in an agreed standard (see chapter 5.2), it is possible to

prepare “universal” rules for the interconnection of elements and items according to which the elements can

easily identify each other. This interconnection also allows cost/cash flow simulation according to the

schedule in each phase of the construction project as a significant benefit to the builder. This allows the real

progress of the project to be monitored for checking the funds. Prepared aggregated cost items (price

indicators) are linked to the schedule and model elements. However, this functionality can only be achieved

through a rational interconnection between the valuation system, scheduling items and 3D model elements

(they must be mutually consistent in structure and content).

By properly interconnecting individual items in the schedule with their image in the BIM model, it is possible

to easily see the differences in the anticipated and real progress of construction. This feature is based on the

option to create master plans that are uploaded as a schedule to the model. The model is then decomposed

into two identical virtual images, which can be compared to each other depending on the construction

progress, thus simply demonstrating the progress and any delays/advances in the project. Additionally, it is

possible to facilitate the identification of a particular process/activity that caused any delay.

Savings will be ensured by well-defined logistic channels, which can be pre-arranged or modified in advance.

This makes it possible to achieve a significant increase in the efficiency of the material supply and to suppress

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unnecessary down time and delays in handling or storage of incorrectly delivered material and potential full

return.

If the BIM model is prepared in unstructured elements and items (cost, time) without the use of established

(agreed) sorting methods, the required interconnection of data for animation is very time consuming and

professionally demanding, which eliminates any efficiency of data use.

Recommendation:

develop a standardized valuation methodology linked to standardized data structures and making it

mandatory for public procurement

set up rules for the creation of input model and the minimum scope of data to be included in it, for the

purposes of valuation and scheduling of construction

5.6 BIM and Facility Management (FM)

Cost savings in the building management and maintenance phase (operation phase) were one of the main

reasons why the BIM method began to be mentioned in broad terms and why BIM started to be used and

evaluated by some organizations. The management and the possibilities for better operation are also

mentioned independently in other chapters of this Strategy, but at this point let us summarize the basic

arguments and recommendations.

Illustrative cost allocation during the life cycle of a building is as follows (source: BIM Council, 2013).

The figure shows that the operating phase has the

biggest impact on the cost of the overall lifecycle of

the building. On the basis of foreign experience, the

life-cycle cost of the building is expected to

decrease. The creation of a building information

model, albeit at a higher cost, will be outweighed

many times by a more effective way of managing the

building during its life cycle, the possibility of

creating a healthier indoor environment for building

users and better access to necessary information,

for example, in the case of alterations in completed

buildings (renovations).

Any changes made at the outset, at the concept and initial design phase, which may affect the following

phases of a building's life cycle, are carried out at a much lower cost. It is possible to propose multiple

variants, perform different simulations, and consider ways of optimization, unlike in the operational phase

where we can only respond to problems after they arise and make costly changes.

The main benefits for FMs of using the information obtained from the BIM model can be summarized as

follows:

1. better management of the space of the building – BIM allows access to information on building use

faster and provides more accurate information;

2. more efficient maintenance – up-to-date information on products and related assets is maintained

in the BIM model; faster access to more accurate information is once again its major benefit, because

it enables more qualified decision making;

Design2%

Execution34%

Management and maintenance

64%

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3. efficient use of utilities – using the BIM model makes it possible to compare different solutions and

their energy needs. Available information supports various types of operation optimization as well

as proposals for improvements. Environmental impacts can thus be better managed.

4. more efficient maintenance (refurbishment) and alterations to completed buildings (renovation) –

an updated BIM model is once again a source of more accurate information about the current form

of the building and allows the necessary time to be used to prepare different solution variants rather

than to seek initial information;

5. better management of the building’s life cycle – this point includes the willingness to evaluate the

cost of the overall life cycle rather than the mere investment costs. Initial higher acquisition costs can

thus be reflected in much lower operating costs of the entire building.

6. more efficient data transfer between the BIM model and the CAFM system.

Given that in the Czech Republic, facility management means in most cases the traditional building

management focused on mere maintenance, it is necessary to change the overall approach to this issue if we

want to truly enjoy the benefits of BIM. Therefore, if proposals are created which will provide data suitable

for the project evaluation phase as well as for operation and use of the building, it is necessary to define their

further use in connection with these data. Ideally, the facility manager should already be part of the project

team and influence the decisions so that the whole design is in line with the possibilities for a high-quality

and economical operation of the building.

Building use is also related to the collection of data for buildings that were not designed and constructed

using the BIM method. This means a way of certifying existing buildings. In this case, it seems efficient to

create building models when carrying out maintenance work and changes in building use.

In order to register State real estate assets, the so-called “CRAB” (Central Register of Administrative Buildings)

was established in the Czech Republic. It was supposed to address the absence of a national register of

administrative buildings of the State, their occupancy and the deployment of civil servants. On the basis of

the information obtained, the register enables maximum use of buildings owned by the State administration.

In the Czech Republic there are currently over 670 State institutions administering real estate owned by the

State. With some exceptions, these entities manage their property under the same legislation. For the first

time, CRAB has introduced a single methodology for the registration of administrative buildings and, for some

institutions, it has become the primary system for their registration. In connection with the implementation

of the BIM method, it is recommended to evaluate the use of BIM models and other available features for

the CRAB system so that the stored data can also be used for managing State assets and related activities.

Act No 219/2000, on property of the Czech Republic and its representation in legal relations, as amended by

Act No 51/2016 (hereinafter the “State Property Act”), as amended, with effect from 1 March 2016, lays

down the existence of a central register of administrative buildings. It is an information system for the

organizational units of the State and the State-owned organizations within the scope of the State Property

Act (hereinafter the “State organizational units”), which is intended for the effective and economical use of

administrative real estate. Government Decree No 41/2017, on the data of the Central Register of

Administrative Buildings, which regulates the structure and the scope of the data kept in the register, now

provides that if a State organisational unit carries out new documentation or certification of the State and

execution of a building or modifies the existing documenting or certification of a building registered in the

CRAB, the State organisational unit is required to record the documentation or certification data into CRAB

in the required format within one month after the end of the documentation and certification or their

modification. In the case of new buildings that are registered in the CRAB, the State organisational unit shall,

after the building has been put into use, provide the Office for Government Representation in Property

Affairs with a copy of the project documentation in electronic format in accordance with the Building Act. It

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is therefore necessary, when creating the rules for the certification of existing buildings using the BIM

method, to ensure the compatibility of the rules with the CRAB system, or to initiate an amendment to the

Government Decree.

The whole issue of using the data generated in the previous phases of the building’s life cycle will bring the

maximum effect in the operation phase, but is probably part of a later application. However, it is necessary

to consider facility management when preparing the rules of the previous phases.

Recommendation:

improve the as-built documentation system from a set of documentation with changes to an updated BIM

model

evaluate the use of BIM models for CRAB, evaluate the possibilities of FM functions and separate them

from mere record-keeping

encourage the participation of facility managers during the initial phases of design, in particular in the

case of public contracts

propose rules for the certification of completed buildings by the BIM method

update the management and FM system for transport structures using the BIM method

5.7 Connection to Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Until recently, most of the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) were based on 2D objects and attached

information, with analytical and visualization tools and procedures adapted to them. In GIS, however, interest

in three-dimensional modelling is growing, and the number of applications using 3D data is increasing. The

most common applications are for 3D cadastre and urban modelling. Data for GIS is often expensive to

purchase, and in relation to time-varying data, keeping data in the current form is another insignificant cost

item. The cheapest, of course, is data that does not have to be created. It means to use existing data if it is

available and use it directly, or to create data derived from it, which will be suitable for further work. The

BIM models are undoubtedly a significant and rich source of 3D building data.

GIS models are more focused on general spatial information, whereas BIM models are narrowly focused on

information about buildings and construction-related processes. The main differences between BIM and GIS

models are the method of creation and scale, and the related level of detail. The BIM model is usually

designed as a complex model that is as realistic as possible, so that it can be used to analyze and plan project

implementation. By contrast, geographic information systems work with inductive models based on existing

data from different sources, allowing analysis on a model based on existing environmental data and spatial

and semantic relationships between objects in that environment. GIS is also typically used for modelling on

a smaller scale (larger area) than BIM.

Yet both these approaches converge at the level of modelling of buildings, building complexes and cities.

Therefore, their interoperability and the possibilities of mutual use of data and analytical possibilities need

to be addressed. The following figure shows how analytical capabilities of GIS systems can be used

(connection to external spatial data, spatial analyses) in a way where the analysis results are projected into

the original BIM model so that the results can be used later in the building design process. Similarly, BIM

models can be used directly for GIS applications for State administration, where information from BIM

models can be useful wherever spatial information on buildings is being used.

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The existing GIS standards include the CityGML, and the INSPIRE data models (primarily data specifications

for buildings, utility networks and transport networks), which are based on the CityGML specification in

building modelling and further develop and refine it. Ultimately, BIM models could be published in

accordance with Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing an

Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE), which is transposed by Act No

123/1998, on the right to information about the environment.

For the use of BIM models in the GIS area, a joint project for TC 211/WG 10 and TC 59/SC 13 – ISO/AWI

19166, Geographic Information – BIM Mapping to GIS (B2GM) is being prepared within ISO. This international

standard defines a conceptual framework and mechanisms for mapping of information elements from the

Building Information Model (BIM) to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to access the required

information based on specific user requirements. It will include three mechanisms:

- BIM for GIS Element Mapping (B2G EM);

- BIM to GIS LOD (Level of Detail) Mapping (B2G LM);

- BIM to GIS Perspective Definition (B2G PD).

Existing international standards for GML (ISO 19136:2007), CityGML (OGC Standard) and Industry Foundation

Classes (IFC, ČSN EN ISO 16739) are expected to be used.

In connection with the GIS, it is necessary to mention the link to the strategic document of the Ministry of

the Interior “Action Plan of the Strategy for the Development of Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the

Czech Republic 2020”, whose annex is Measure 63 – Implementation of Buildings Information Modelling

(BIM) for contracting authorities, analysis of the current state and proposal of the methodology of data

transfer between building life cycle phases, including the determination of the necessary source space

information and use of the generated data. The MIT is responsible for the implementation of this measure.

Recommendation:

ensure the usability of data from BIM models for GIS systems of public administration, including the

usability of models for the needs of the Cadastre of Real Estates (3D cadastre, the possibility of more

accurate records of apartments)

examine the possibility and need to publish BIM models owned by the public administration pursuant to

Act No 123/1998, on the right to information about the environment

enable the publication of GIS data in IFC format (ČSN EN ISO 16739) for use in BIM software (from terrain

model to land area limits)

5.8 Technical standards

For the functioning and development of a healthy competitive market environment, general rules are

necessary in most fields, defined mainly by generally binding legal regulations, by technical standards, or

Identification of necessary geometric objects and semantic information

Extraction of data from BIM model

Geometry transformation A

nalyses Selection of new semantic

information Entry of information in BIM model

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other reference documents. Czech Technical Standards (ČSN) are documents that provide rules and

requirements for general and repeated use.

The rules set out in normative documents represent both a basic framework for effective division of labour,

involvement and cooperation between individual participants in complex activities, such as design,

construction and management of buildings, and a framework for the required quality of specific outputs,

products, services and buildings. Compared to legal regulations typically aimed at generally-binding

regulation based on public interest, the creation of technical standards stems from market needs, formulated

through stakeholder representatives, and is based on consensus while respecting the legal framework. An

important aspect is the effort to gradually harmonize the needs of the global or European market, which at

the national level leads to the gradual adoption of international and European technical standards as a means

of gradually removing obstacles to trade and ensuring the free movement of goods and services.

Technical standards for BIM are created by combining incentives from the buildingSMART alliance and

individual states presented to ISO and CEN. At the national level, the Technical Standards Committee TNK

152 “Organization of Information on Buildings and Information Modelling of Buildings (BIM)” started in 2016

at the Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing (ÚNMZ).

Foreign experience has shown that it is appropriate to set the necessary rules in the form of technical

standards; the same is also recommended in the Czech Republic. Amendments to laws and their

implementing regulations is typically more time-consuming and should only be used to establish the very

basic rules. Specific technical conditions and instructions can develop faster, so it is better to publish them in

the form of technical standards or other documents. The main areas to be addressed by technical standards

or other additional documents are terminology, processes and data (see the following figure):

Recommendation:

ensure the transposition of international technical standards and, in particular, the technical standards

of the EN series, including translation into Czech, due to the wider acceptance of the whole methodology

and the possibility of drafting contracts and business terms with the same terminology – see Annex 2

use standards/TNI to address data structures, format and content of data required for individual phases

of

construction projects including the recommended processes, the method of transmitting information

(handover reports) and the method of their validation

financially support the participation of Czech experts in the working groups of technical standardization

organizations at international level to be able to influence emerging technical standards

DATA

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5.9 Ownership, copyright

For copyright and ownership of models, the whole issue can be divided into two basic areas, which are closely

related:

1. copyright;

2. ownership of the resulting models.

In connection with the use of the BIM method, the question of ownership of the created models and

copyrights is very often discussed; these can be summarized in three areas:

1. copyright for the design;

2. copyright and ownership of the building model;

3. copyright for used libraries and catalogs used in the SW to create the BIM model.

In interpreting the provisions of the Copyright Act, it is important to distinguish two things. Firstly, the

applicable Copyright Act has taken over from international conventions the separation of personal rights and

property copyright. Personal rights are not transferable and the author cannot give them up. However, he

can grant the right to use the work. Anyone who orders the project can only acquire “property rights”. The

exercise of property rights therefore passes to the ordering party. These rights include the right to use the

work in the agreed manner and for the agreed permissible purpose. Architectural and urbanistic works

therefore always fall into the category of made-to-order works.

In terms of the copyrights for the design of the building, basically nothing changes in comparison with

standard documentation. The actual BIM model of a building and the libraries used are basically databases

that are also covered by the Copyright Act. The ownership of the model, the use of libraries, and the

subsequent modifications of the BIM model can be addressed through contract or business terms, or by

creating model contracts. The use of the BIM model and its further processing should therefore be permitted

to the person who orders it.

The resulting models may be dependent on the attached libraries that may have been made to order or by a

creator other than the author of the overall aggregate model. This problem applies to BIM models, which are

stored in native formats of individual SW tools. For further processing of the BIM model, it is usually necessary

to provide this library together with the model submitted in the native format. The creators often charge a

fee for the creation of such a library. The person ordering the database (usually the manufacturer of

construction products) decides on its free use.

In the case of an open IFC format, the resulting BIM model stores the result of the entire design, and the

model is not dependent on the presence of the source library. The elements from libraries which are used

are stored here as elements with their technical data in the same context in which they are located in the

building.

Considering that it is based on international regulation of copyright protection, the solution lies in defining a

uniform interpretation of all issues rather than creating independent local rules. The topics discussed are

the actual project documentation in the form of a BIM model that can be used to continue with works. Other

topics are the use of other databases and libraries for model creation and their submission to other project

participants, and supplementing models or libraries to include the required additional data.

Recommendations may be issued as methodological guidelines or as model annexes to contracts.

Recommendation:

review legal issues relating to property rights and copyright

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create models and templates of contracts and protocols for uniform application and reduction of different

interpretations

5.10 Mandatory/voluntary use of BIM

Foreign experience shows that the most appropriate way to start using the BIM method on a large scale, in

particular for the needs of the State, is to establish an obligation to use it from a particular date for newly

procured public service contracts (building documentation) and public works contracts. A number of areas

addressed in the context of the introduction of BIM abroad (SW tools, standardization) have already

developed significantly, so it seems appropriate to introduce the BIM obligation after a five-year preparation

period. This step will be a clear incentive for all organizations that want to offer the State solutions to meet

this objective. The unambiguity and unquestionably mandatory use of this step is crucial in order for this

incentive to be accepted and for the whole process of preparation to actually start.

Simultaneously with the announcement of the obligation to use the BIM method in public procurement, it

will be necessary to assess and clearly define the scope of the obligation and more precise specification of

what will be required as BIM. This issue will be further specified according to the evaluation of pilot projects,

also taking into account the specific aspects of individual types of buildings (see also the conclusion of chapter

3.5).

The easiest way is to link the obligation to the investment costs of the building. Here, this can be a reasonable

limit for above-the-threshold public works contracts (within the meaning of the Public Procurement Act)

financed from public budgets, including the drafting of their preparatory and project documentation, taking

into account the evaluation of pilot projects and the specific aspects of each type of building. The most

complicated parameter is the specification of what the BIM should specifically contain. There are three basic

areas that need to be defined:

- the obligation to conclude the BIM Execution Plan – a contractual document;

- require the submission of a 3D model that meets the currently applicable standard specifying the

content and structure of the model at the required level of detail and in an open IFC format;

- the obligation to use CDE (common data environment) for the transfer and sharing of project

information.

By meeting all three requirements, the contracting authority (e.g. the State) gains transparent control over

the progress, preparation and execution of the building, and, in particular, upon the handover of the building,

it obtains all the up-to-date information it can use to operate, manage and maintain the building.

At the beginning of the preparatory period for BIM implementation, it is highly advisable to gradually start

implementing a limited number of pilot projects (see chapter 5.13), which provide significant feedback to the

preparation processes. This will increase the real added value of the BIM methodology from the beginning

of the application to the standard practice.

Recommendation:

set the obligation to use BIM for above-the-threshold public works contracts (within the meaning of the

Public Procurement Act) financed from public budgets, including the drafting of their preparatory and

project documentation from 2022, taking into account the evaluation of pilot projects and the specific

aspects of each type of building.

set the minimum scope of the BIM obligation for public works contracts, namely:

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- the obligation to conclude the BEP – BIM Execution Plan – a contractual document;

- require the submission of a 3D model that meets the currently applicable standard specifying the

content and structure of the model at the required level of detail and in an open IFC format;

- the obligation to use CDE (common data environment) for the transfer and sharing of project

information.

5.11 Public procurement

Article 22(4) of Directive 2014/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on public procurement

(hereinafter the “Directive”) and Section 103(3) of Act No 134/2016 Sb., on public procurement (hereinafter

the “PPA”) expressly allows the use of BIM tools for the award of public works contracts, public project

activity contracts and design contests. However, for a smooth and seamless use of BIM, it is necessary to

address several related issues / provide methodological support to contracting authorities and suppliers.

Availability of BIM tools

A crucial issue that needs to be addressed is an obligation on the availability of BIM tools. At present, given

the degree of IT development in the Czech Republic and the EU, BIM tools can be considered to be available

to all suppliers who have made reasonable efforts in this respect (in line with one of the fundamental

principles of the rule of law – “vigilantibus iura”, i.e. the law comes to the assistance of those who are vigilant

with their rights). There are a number of SW applications on the market that are classified as BIM tools. Some

of them support work with the open, standardized IFC format. Since the SW applications for BIM also allow

the creation of classic 2D documentation, many designers use it today. Therefore, it can be assumed that in

the case of public contracts pursuant to Section 103(3) of Act No 134/2016, on public procurement, the

required formats will be readily available. However, this fact and any obligation of the contracting authority

to provide access to the required formats should be checked.

Amendments to legal regulations

In terms of BIM deployment, there is currently no need to update the PPA, but it cannot be completely ruled

out on the basis of further analysis or practical experience. It is necessary to assess whether an amendment

to Decree No 169/2016, on determining the scope of documentation of public works contracts and the

inventory of construction works, supplies and services with a bill of quantities is necessary or appropriate. It

is worth considering whether the above Decree should not specifically define the scope of the documentation

when using BIM tools. Another question is whether in this case it is necessary to insist on the submission of

“standard” 2D documentation within the scope defined in Section 2 of the Decree. The revision should

apparently also be covered by the provisions of this Decree relating to the inventory of works, supplies and

services with a bill of quantities.

Methodological support

Methodologies should separately address the use of BIM for public project activity contracts / design

contests, and for public works contracts. Consideration should also be given to the creation of model tender

documentation.

In case of project activity / design contest, it is necessary to address in particular:

- the definition of the subject-matter of public contract – it is necessary to specify how the request for

specification in the BIM should be formulated; among other things, it is necessary to ensure that the

use of BIM tools does not interfere with the neutrality of setting technical conditions;

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- the question of aggregation of performance – how does BIM use impact the issue of awarding

individual levels of building documentation (aggregation);

- setting qualification requirements – the methodology should include the recommended qualification

criteria, in particular in relation to the supplier’s references and the experience of those involved in

the performance of the public contract (i.e. what performance will be recognized as relevant to BIM);

- setting evaluation criteria – the methodology should also address the issue of tender evaluation in

relation to the experience of the team members who will be involved in the performance of the

public contract (what building design / experience are relevant or which should be taken into account

in the evaluation).

For public works contracts, the following needs to be addressed:

- definition of the subject-matter – it is necessary to define what requirements follow for the

contractor from the BIM obligation in the execution of the building; any obligations should also be

reflected in the draft business terms (draft contract);

- setting qualification requirements – the methodology should include the recommended qualification

criteria in relation to the contractor’s references and the experience of those involved in the

performance of the public contract (i.e. what performance will be recognized as relevant to BIM);

- setting evaluation criteria – explore whether the use of BIM tools can influence the setting of

evaluation criteria, whether their use for example in the life cycle cost assessment, or whether the

experience of those involved in the procurement can be exceptionally assessed.

Recommendation:

verify the obligation concerning the availability of BIM tools

set minimum requirements for the content of the model for the purpose of awarding and evaluating public

contracts

prepare model tender documentation and model contract terms

ensure that the preparation of BIM project documentation is followed by approval processes, the removal

of requirements for documentation with duplicate data

develop a methodology for contracting authorities with a recommended and agreed procurement

procedure requiring the use of the BIM method, including a methodology for qualification requirements,

tender evaluation, etc.

determine the use of a uniform standardized data format for the inventory of works, supplies and services

with a bill of quantities for the procurement of public works contracts

5.12 Education

Education is one of the key areas for the quality, speed and achievement of the expected benefits associated

with the implementation of the BIM method. Although in the media BIM is much associated with IT

technologies, the success of its implementation depends on the human factor. In general, more than 50% of

success in the implementation of any software solution is due to good education and change management,

i.e. working with people.

For the BIM method, this is all the more true given the more complex spectrum of entities and roles involved

in each project and their continuous changes for each individual project. This places great demands on the

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general knowledge and skills of people involved in the BIM project implementation and their ability to apply

these general principles to the specific conditions of an individual project. There will never be a single global

SW solution or exactly the same methodology, so the standard will be that one worker will have to combine

different SW tools for different projects.

Education programmes concerning the familiarisation with the BIM method should not omit the fact that

international and European BIM standards, relevant methodology and foreign literature is based on

principles, processes and terminology of project management and system engineering. Both of these areas

should be part of BIM education.

Foreign experience suggests the importance of cooperation between educational institutions and practice.

Without examples of best practices and practically proven knowledge base, BIM cannot be successfully

implemented. The introduction of BIM in practice, therefore, is crucial for BIM education.

The current environment offers a number of effective ways to implement BIM education. The basic means

are educational institutions, individual professional portals operated by professional organizations or unions,

as well as commercial entities. Very effective means include video channels, webinars, with social networks

playing an important positive role as well.

Education can be divided into two basic groups – current workers who will be participants in the revolutionary

change and should therefore undergo a change management process, and new workers to be prepared by

secondary schools, higher vocational schools and universities. We should also not overlook the education of

craftsmen and construction workers.

For the first group, the key to success in changing their working habits is the change management within

each organization. Basic education for each role should be provided by professional and interest

organizations, which should be followed by individual training within each organization. It can be expected

that a large number of commercial entities will be created in this area to provide this training and counselling.

An important input to the education of public administration employees will be an unambiguously defined

BIM methodology framework in line with the legal framework to provide workers with a secure environment

for their decision-making and work. The effectiveness of the education process will be significantly positively

impacted by a clear and comprehensible methodology for state organizations and the standardization of data

formats, which will reduce IT skills requirements.

For the second group, there is a need for specialized subjects dealing with BIM issues. The aim is to

understand the principles, the links and the necessity of individual processes and activities to implement the

BIM method. Pupils and students will be introduced to examples of good practice from abroad, the structure

of standardization, its essence, the possibilities of using technologies and the changes that make use of BIM

models in building practice. For higher education, the lesson should not be focused on mere use of a

particular SW tool for creating a 3D model. This is the task of software companies or, possibly, the task of

secondary vocational schools. An important aspect for a proper understanding of the BIM method for pupils

and students is to provide more comprehensive insights into the whole life-cycle of buildings, not just a

relatively short design or construction phase. For real practice, a graduate who knows the principles and can

learn their application in real projects will be of great value. To create educational programs for individual

schools, it will be very important to ensure cooperation between schools and real-world practice, preferably

through professional and interest organizations and their involvement in the educational process. The overall

strategy for education should be elaborated in the form of a separate material in cooperation with experts.

The material should address specific measures for the introduction of BIM into the Czech education system.

In order to ensure a wider awareness of the BIM method, its benefits and need, including its importance in

the transition to Construction 4.0, it is necessary to prepare an awareness-raising campaign throughout the

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implementation period. This should allow for an intensive discussion and understanding of the benefits

brought about by digitization in the construction industry. The main focus of the campaign will be to provide

a clear description of the changes that will occur for the individual jobs involved in the implementation of

the construction projects. The campaign will be complemented by appropriate workshops or seminars to

enable rapid sharing of best practice, publishing in specialised journals, or the publication of practical

manuals, etc.

Recommendation:

prepare a general methodology for the implementation of BIM in organizations, which can be tailored

individually to the conditions of each organization

to specify a general methodology for the implementation of BIM for public administration and to provide

its authorities and organizations with change management experts to help individual authorities and

organizations to change the processes involved

introduce a system of education of State administration and self-government workers in the context of

changes in their working practices in the implementation of the BIM method, including the use of the life-

cycle cost criterion

specify the scope of professional qualifications of new BIM qualifications in the National Register of

Qualifications

organise a media campaign aimed at awareness-raising on the benefits of using the BIM method for the

construction sector, with an emphasis on investors, designers and contractors

introduce a coordinated system for the education of pupils and students of secondary, tertiary and higher

education institutions in the BIM issues in all contexts

offer secondary, higher vocational and higher education institutions a platform for sharing experience

and the creation of accredited programs of further education for pedagogical workers related to BIM in

cooperation with practitioners

create a system of education of managers of public administration and self-government buildings,

focusing on greater attention to commissioning and use conditions, taking into account the complexity of

contemporary buildings

educate the supply chain on BIM issues

5.13 Pilot projects

Pilot projects are the first key practical activity in implementing the BIM method into practice. It is important

not to delay them, because the knowledge gained from practical implementation will be very valuable for

completing the methodology, standards and sample documents before wide adoption. Experience from

abroad states that the risk associated with launching a pilot project before fully completing methodology and

standardization is offset by the great benefit of gaining practical experience and learning from them.

At the beginning, it seems ideal to identify several pilot projects, both for transport and for building

construction. Transport structures already have selected these projects and the BIM application for some of

them is ready to launch.

The objective of pilot projects at this early stage of the implementation should be to verify partial activities

in changing the processes and work flows of individual workers in connection with the processes of other

entities involved in the preparation and implementation of the project. It will be very important to specify

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for each project exactly the partial objectives from the BIM method, which the project should verify in

practice. Here, moderation is key – do not want too much or too little. The first areas for pilot project

verification are working with a 3D model and gradual learning of how to work with the common data

environment (CDE) to verify its true contribution to the clarity and transparency of processes and

information. Both activities, after mastering the initial training, should significantly confirm the benefits in

terms of the effectiveness of the work of all project participants.

The BIM is based on a new and ultimately simpler form of collaboration of all partners involved in building

projects when passing, sharing and approving documents and information. Here, the sooner things start to

change in pilot projects, the sooner it is possible to eliminate negatives and share positives so that they drive

more massive deployment of BIM.

It is important for pilot projects to prepare model contractual and operational documents. If there are public

contracts among pilot projects, it will be necessary to address problems that may arise from the fact that

there is no practical experience with BIM public procurement and its use may lead to higher financial costs

in the initial phase of project implementation.

Recommendation:

identify pilot projects and phases in which the BIM method will be applied and tested

specify the exact partial BIM targets that each project has to verify

create a platform for sharing the knowledge and experience of teams working on pilot projects

prepare business terms

identify possible conflicts with the existing method of contract preparation and propose a solution

use pilot projects to verify and evaluate the BIM use objectives in public procurement and to reflect

experience in the obligation to use the BIM method in public procurement

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6 Schedule for the gradual introduction of BIM in the

Czech Republic

6.1 Schedule of recommended measures

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Basic organizational measures II. I. II. I. II. I. II.

Approval of the BIM Implementation Strategy in the Czech Republic by the Czech Government

Creation of the Construction 4.0 Committee under the Society 4.0 Alliance

Pilot projects

Selection of pilot projects

Implementation of pilot projects

Evaluation of pilot projects

Basic technical measures

Implementation and creation of standards including terminology

Evaluating the use of the BIM Model for the current CRAB system

Announcement of the IFC format as a nationally supported format for BIM model

Review of legal issues of copyright

Creating a standard for LOI and LOD scope for building documentation phases

Assessment of the need for legislative amendments related to BIM implementation

Creation of database for required properties of construction products

Proposal of rules for certification of completed buildings owned by the State

Creation of standardized methodology for BIM use in organizations

Creation of methodology for the selection of CDE by contracting authority

Reflection of amendments to related legislation in the implementation of the BIM method

Creation of a methodology for the implementation of BIM in public administration

Public procurement

Creation of model contract terms or model contracts for public procurement

Creation of model tender documentation

Determining the minimum scope of award under BIM obligation for public procurement

Creation of a BIM methodology for the award procedure of public contracts

Establishing a single data format for the inventory of buildings, works, supplies and services

Creation of a valuation methodology

Imposition of a BIM obligation for above-threshold public works contracts

Permitting processes

Assessing the current state and proposing solutions for digital submission of PD

Introduction of digital submission of PD (e.g. in pdf)

Calculation of financial needs of building authorities and relevant bodies

Preparation of digitization of building permit processes using BIM

Ensuring digitization of building permit processes using BIM

GIS

Determination of NIPI and BIM data relationship in relation to IFC

Ensuring the usability of data from BIM models for NIPI development

Ensuring connection of the BIM model to the Real Estate Cadastre

Education / Promotion / Awareness-raising

Creation of a BIM education system for secondary schools and higher vocational schools

Support for the introduction of BIM education into university study programmes

Specification of BIM professions in NQF

Creation of a platform for sharing experience of teachers and professionals with BIM

Media campaign

Creating a BIM education system for state administration and self-government

Creating an education support system in the BIM supply chain

** In relation to the new amendments to public construction law

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6.2 Responsibility for the implementation of measures

Basic organizational measures

Setting up the Construction 4.0 Committee under the Society 4.0 Alliance - Set up the Construction 4.0

Committee under the Society 4.0 Alliance to coordinate the digitization of the construction industry; initiate

the establishment of a working group to prepare the Construction 4.0 strategy for the Czech Republic.

Responsible party: MIT

Pilot projects

Selection of pilot projects – select pilot projects, specify their limited number, specify the exact partial

objectives in terms of the BIM method to be verified by each project. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation

with other ministries

Implementation of pilot projects – launch and implement selected pilot projects. The pilots will be

implemented by individual Ministries; the MIT expects consultations and controls of progress of work on the

BIM model. Responsible party: ministries in which the pilot projects will be implemented, in cooperation with

the MIT.

Evaluation of pilot projects – evaluate pilot projects and draw feedback based on which the methodology will

be revised. Responsible party: Ministry of Industry and Trade in cooperation with other ministries where the

pilot projects will be implemented.

Basic technical measures

Implementation and creation of BIM standards including terminology – ensure continuous adoption and

translation of technical standards (as of 31 March 2017, see point 8.2) to the Czech standards. Responsible

party: MIT

Evaluation of the use of the BIM model for the existing CRAB system – evaluation of the possibilities of

connecting the BIM models to the CRAB system, evaluation of the available functions for optimization of

operation, connection of the BIM availability request in the IFC format to meet the requirement for open and

available data. Responsible party: MoF (Office for Government Representation in Property Affairs) in

cooperation with the MIT

Announcement of the IFC format as a nationally supported BIM model – declaration of IFC format as the

required open format for building documentation. Responsible party: MIT

Verification of legal copyright issues – examine legal issues relating to property and copyrights and determine

the ownership of BIM models. Responsible party: MoC

Creating a standard for LOI and LOD scope for each phase of building documentation – set a standard for the

scope of non-geometric data/property (LOI) for each type of model element, including the actual level of

detail required for each construction phase (LOD), including the harmonisation of terminology. Responsible

party: MIT in cooperation with the MoRD and MoT

Assessing the need for legislative changes in the context of BIM implementation – assess whether the

requirements for BIM model creation and use are reflected in already existing laws and implementing

regulations – see chapter 6.3. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with other ministries

Creating a database for required construction product properties – create a portal/database of required and

recommended building product properties in relation to the forthcoming Construction Products Act,

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including the assignment of IFC parameters and creation of validators for compliance with the scope and

format of data for object libraries. Responsible party: MIT

Proposing rules for the certification of finished buildings owned by the state – design the basic structure of

the data (content and scope of data) stored in the BIM model created during building certification. BIM

models must be defined in context according to the purpose of their use, or the register used (CRAB, cadastre,

etc.). Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with other ministries

Creation of a standardized methodology for the use of BIM in organizations – prepare a standardized general

BIM use methodology, which each organization can proportionately personalize according to its size and

focus. Responsible party: MIT

Creation of a CDE selection methodology by the contracting authority – develop a methodology for the

selection of the CDE by the contracting authority, including recommendations on the conditions and rules

for its use throughout the life cycle of the construction. Responsible party: MIT

Projection of amendments in the related legislation in the implementation of the BIM method –

implementation of draft legislation amendments and the process of their creation to support the creation of

the BIM model in laws and implementing regulations. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with other

ministries

Creating a methodology for introducing BIM use in public administration – to be implemented in response to

the gradual introduction of the BIM method into practice. The basic scope of methodologies must correspond

at least to the minimum extent of use of BIM when introducing the obligation to use the BIM method.

Responsible party: MIT

Public procurement

Creating model contract terms or contract templates for public procurement – create recommended model

contract documents for using the BIM method in public procurement to ensure uniform application and

standard approach to handling possible situations, including avoiding their various interpretations.

Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MoRD and MoT

Creating model tender documents – create a model tender documentation with the definition of

requirements for the use of BIM as a tool for contracting authorities. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation

with the MoRD and MoT

Determining the minimum scope of award under the BIM obligation in public procurement – determine the

minimum scope of award with the obligation to use the BIM method for public works contracts: - obligation

to conclude the BEP (BIM Execution Plan), - submit a 3D model compliant with an approved standard that

determines the content and structure of the model at the required level of detail and in the open IFC format,

- obligation to use the CDE (Common Data Environment) for transmitting and sharing project information.

Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MoRD and MoT

Creating a BIM methodology for the award of a public contract – Develop a methodology for contracting

authorities using the BIM method to ensure that it complies the assessment of all procurement rules.

Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MoRD and MoT

Determining a uniform standardized data format for the inventory of works, supplies and services -

determine the use of a uniform standardized data format for the inventory of works, supplies and services

with a bill of quantities for the procurement of public works contracts. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation

with the MoRD and MoT

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Developing a standardized valuation methodology - develop a standardized valuation methodology linked to

a standardized data structure and making it mandatory for public procurement. Responsible party: MIT in

cooperation with the MoRD and MoT

Obligation to use the BIM method for above-the-threshold public works contracts – obligation to use the BIM

method for above-the-threshold public works contracts (within the meaning of the Public Procurement Act)

financed from public budgets, including the drafting of their preparatory and project documentation, taking

into account the evaluation of pilot projects and the specific aspects of each type of building from the

beginning of 2022. Determination of the minimum scope of the BIM method to meet this obligation.

Responsible party: MIT and MoRD in cooperation with the ministries concerned

Permitting processes

Assessing the current state and proposing solutions for electronic submission of PD – assessment of the

current state and proposing solutions for electronic submission of building documentation (e.g. in pdf) in

connection with the use of BIM. Responsible party: MIT and MoRD in cooperation with the ministries

concerned

Electronic submission of project documentation (e.g. in pdf) – introduce the submission of project

documentation to the building authorities and relevant authorities in electronic form (e.g. in pdf format)

including the method of ensuring the integrity of this documentation. Responsible party: MoRD in

cooperation with the MIT and relevant ministries.

Quantification of financial needs of building authorities and relevant authorities – quantify the financial

needs of building authorities and relevant authorities in connection with the anticipated digitization of the

permitting processes of buildings. Responsible party: MIT and MoRD in cooperation with other relevant

central State administration bodies.

Preparation for the digitization of building permit processes using BIM – use of the BIM method as a

necessary condition for transition to electronic permitting processes. Responsible party: MoRD in

cooperation with other relevant central State administration bodies.

Ensuring digitization of building permitting processes using BIM – Responsible authority: MoRD in

cooperation with the MIT and other relevant central State administration bodies.

GIS

Determination of the relationship between NIPI and BIM data in relation to IFC – determine the relationship

between NIPI and BIM data, create a connection to IFC data (ČSN EN ISO 16739) for use in BIM tools (from

terrain model to surface territory limits). Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MoRD and MoI

Ensuring the usability of data from BIM models for the development of NIPI – ensure the usability of data

from BIM models for the development of NIPI (national infrastructure for spatial information) systems

including the verification of compliance with land use limits. Responsible party: MoI in cooperation with the

MoRD and MIT

Ensuring connection of the BIM model to the Real Estate Cadastre – ensure the connection of the BIM models

to the Real Estate Cadastre (3D cadastre, more accurate records of apartments). Responsible party: Czech

Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre.

Education / Promotion / Awareness-raising

Creating a BIM education system for secondary schools and higher vocational schools – methodically help

schools to coordinate the inclusion of the new BIM technologies and processes into education curricula in

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construction-focused education and to create conditions for the implementation of the BIM method in

teaching, including the involvement of practitioners. Support the ability of pupils and students to work

together in a team. Responsible party: MEYS in cooperation with the MIT

Support for the introduction of BIM education into university study programmes – Support universities in

including the new BIM technologies and processes into their study programmes focused on construction.

Create accredited further education programmes on BIM for pedagogical workers in cooperation with

practitioners. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MEYS, which will consist mainly of consulting

activities, sharing of knowledge and existing tools.

Specification of BIM professions in the NQF – specify the scope of professional qualifications of new BIM

qualifications in the National Register of Qualifications Responsible party: MEYS in cooperation with the MIT

Creating a platform for sharing teachers’ experience with BIM – offer a platform for mutual learning (e.g.

interactive portal, workshops, seminars, etc.) for secondary, higher vocational and higher education

institutions and the creation of accredited BIM training programmes for pedagogical workers in cooperation

with practitioners. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MEYS, which will consist mainly of

consulting activities, sharing of knowledge and existing tools.

Media campaign – launch a media campaign to raise awareness of the benefits of using the BIM method for

the construction sector. It will also include the publication of results from pilot projects, experience and good

examples, surveys showing development. Responsible party: MIT

Creating a BIM education system for state administration and self-government – introduce a system of

education of State administration and self-government workers in connection with changes in their working

practices in implementing the BIM method. Responsible party: MIT

Creating an education support system in the BIM supply chain – introduce a system for the education of

supply chain workers (designers, suppliers, manufacturers) in the context of changes to their workflows in

implementing the BIM method. Responsible party: MIT in cooperation with the MoT

6.3 Legislation related to the introduction of BIM

It will be appropriate to assess whether or not the requirements for creating the BIM model and its use for

the purposes of permitting processes and public procurement in the construction sector will be reflected in

the related regulations:

Act No 360/1992, on the pursuit of the profession of authorized architects and the pursuit of the profession

of authorized engineers and technicians in construction, as amended (the Authorization Act) is not required

to be amended due to the introduction of the BIM. Its amendments can be brought about by unifying

terminology, introducing electronic communication and other influences.

Act No 183/2006, on land-use planning and building regulations (the Building Act), as amended, will probably

be recodified in the following years. For this reason, it is recommended to also assess the need for a possible

amendment in connection with the introduction of the BIM method as part of this recodification.

Decree No 499/2006, on building documentation, as amended by Decree No 62/2013; an analysis will be

made of the need to complete the possibility of making documentation in the BIM system and, if necessary,

adjustments to its scope if BIM method is used.

Decree No 146/2008, on the scope and content of the project documentation of transport structures. There

will be similar amendments as in Decree No 499/2006.

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Decree No 169/2016, on determining the scope of documentation of public works contracts and the

inventory of construction works, supplies and services with a bill of quantities is necessary or appropriate. It

may be necessary to adjust the scope of documentation for public contracts using the BIM method. It is also

necessary to revise the provisions relating to the inventory of works, supplies and services with a bill of

quantities in Sections 3 to 12 of the Decree relating to the BIM model.

Act No 499/2004, on archiving and filing services and amending certain laws, refers to electronic forms and

data format of digital data, but refers to an implementing regulation.

Act No 227/2000, on electronic signature.

Act No 300/2008, on electronic acts and authorised document conversion.

Decree No 645/2004, implementing certain provisions of the Act on archiving and filing service and amending

certain laws.

Government Decree No 41/2017, on data of the central register of administrative buildings.

6.4 Estimation of costs

The measures resulting from the 2018 timetable will be implemented by the Ministry of Industry and Trade

in cooperation with the Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing (ÚNMZ). The estimated funds needed to

implement the measures for 2018 is CZK 13 million.

Funding of pilot projects is foreseen from the chapters of the relevant entities, i.e. ministries where the pilots

will be implemented.

In order to ensure the measures for 2019 and beyond, it is necessary to elaborate a detailed work plan to be

developed in cooperation with the ÚNMZ and other stakeholders. Based on this document, it will be possible

to more precisely determine the financial costs of individual concrete works for subsequent years. The

ministries concerned, which are responsible for individual measures in the timetable, and other central State

administration bodies will finance their needs within their budget chapters for the relevant year.

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7 Conclusion

Upon completion and evaluation of the pilot projects, the documents (standards, methodologies) will be

updated, including the incorporation of the new knowledge. We expect the next stage of BIM

implementation to follow, in which the functionality of the BIM method will be verified. The experience

gained from the use of the BIM method during the operation phase of buildings and its subsequent

consideration in the initial phases of building life cycles will be essential.

BIM is a big topic because it affects a large number of entities in and outside the construction sector. For this

reason, its successful introduction requires closer cooperation among all professions across the construction

sector. We expect the BIM implementation to generate a great response from the stakeholders. It is

important to note that BIM is at the same time a huge challenge allowing a major transformation towards

the digitization of the construction industry.

Digitization / IT technology is evolving so rapidly that in relation to the design, implementation and operation

of buildings using the BIM method there will be additional challenging objectives for the next period that will

need to be addressed in the future.

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8 Annexes

8.1 Annex 1 – Terms, definitions, abbreviations

3D model – a digital representation of a physical and/or functional part of a building design in a structured

form (similar to the structure according to ČSN ISO 16739). It contains only geometric data appropriate for

building visualization.

BEP – BIM Execution Plan – a document describing the basic project parameters, roles, responsibilities of the

participants, basic conditions for passing BIM models, the tools used and basic terms.

BIM – Building Information Modelling/Management It is a process of designing, building and managing a

building that uses electronic object-oriented information. Source: Product data definition, April 2016, Steve

Thomson.

BIM model – a digital representation of a physical and/or functional part of a building design in a structured

form (similar to the structure according to ČSN ISO 16739). It may include geometric and technical or other

non-geometric data required for permissible use purposes. The model is part of the BIM project

documentation.

buildingSMART – An organization founded in October 1995 in the US; formerly known as the International

Alliance for Interoperability (IAI), it is an association of organizations involved in the construction of buildings

and facility management. The main goal is to define shared information about buildings for its entire lifecycle.

The organization includes architects, engineers, contractors, investors, building owners, building managers,

SW manufacturers, government institutions, research laboratories, universities and other members. They

are involved in the creation of ISO standards for BIM, local chambers often work with governments to

develop strategies and plans. The Czech Republic does not have its own representation in this organization,

many BIM experts are in contact with this organization.

CAFM (Computer Aided FM) – asset management systems.

CEN (Comité Européen de Normalization) - abbreviation indicating the European Committee for

Standardization (ECS); CEN is a non-profit organization associating European countries (similar to ISO at

international level) and its task is to create, develop, maintain and disseminate comprehensive sets of

technical standards and specifications applicable to European countries. In 1991, the so-called Vienna

Agreement between CEN and ISO was signed to prevent duplicates (or conflicts) between CEN and ISO

standards. Over the last decade, CEN has been taking over ISO standards to replace its own CEN standards;

new technical standards are often developed in close cooperation with both organizations. Source:

http://cen.eu.

CityGML – an open XML-based data model designed to represent and transfer 3D city models. Its basis is

Geography Markup Language, version 3.1.1 (GML3). CityGML is not only designed to display the geometry

and graphical representation of a city model, but also contains information about topology, semantics, and

attributes.

ČSN – protected designation of Czech technical standards. The creation and publication of ČSN is currently

provided by the Office for Standards, Metrology and Testing (ÚNMZ). This office represents the Czech

Republic and Slovakia in the ISO and CEN organizations. Source: http://unmz.cz.

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Collision Detection – The process of checking a digital model of a building. The result of the check is a list of

places where it is necessary to modify the design of the technical solution so that the individual constructions

are not in conflict with each other

EU BIM Task Group – a group of representatives of European countries established by the European

Commission, which deals with the alignment of BIM use for public procurement. Part of the work is also to

find common principles for contracting authorities and plan developers for BIM implementation, proposals

and recommendations for public procurement, skills development, and examples of the benefits of BIM and

“transition to digital technology” for policy makers and public clients. Source: http://eubim.eu.

FM (facility management) – the term “asset management” is also used for transport structures; this involves

the integration of processes within the organization to ensure and develop the agreed services that support

and increase the efficiency of its primary operations. Source: ČSN EN 15221-1:2014.

Geometric data – data that determine spatial information (location, shape, and relationship) to other

buildings. They may be in the form of a vector or raster data model. In common practice, the term 3D model

is also used.

GIS (Geographic Information System) - geographic information systems are information systems designed for

work with data that are represented by spatial or geographical coordinates. They allow data collection,

storage, sorting, editing, analysis and subsequent display. Outputs can include maps in both digital and paper

form, three-dimensional model of territory, or dynamic animation of a particular phenomenon. They are

often linked to web map applications.

GML – a standard defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), for describing geodata allowing data

sharing and integration. It is based on XML and serves for modelling, transferring and storing geographic

information.

Change management - an area that focuses on changes and their implementation in organizations. Change

management builds on general management, builds on social psychology and organizational behaviour, uses

sociotechnics, and also touches on the culture of organizations. Changes are a basic feature of life of

organizations, which need to be able to deal with primarily rapid changes in the environment. Experience

shows that natural changes (even well-meant ones) are one of the most common causes why they lose

control over projects. Source: http://managementmania.com.

IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) – data format for data sharing in construction and facility management.

The IFC format is used for exchanging and sharing data and building data between applications developed by

different SW developers. The IFC specification focuses on the support of the various fields involved in the

construction project throughout the life cycle of the building. IFC definition is given in ČSN EN ISO

16739:2017.

INSPIRE (INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe) – an initiative of the European Commission which

aims to create a European legislative framework needed to establish the European Spatial Information

Infrastructure in accordance with Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14

March 2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community.

ISO – International Organization for Standardization. Its members are individual countries represented by

their national organizations involved in the development of technical standards. This international network

of organizations based in Geneva coordinates the organization, creation and publication of approved

technical standards. Source: http://iso.org.

Metadata – Data that provides information about other data.

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Native/proprietary format – a file format specific for a SW tool that processes information and data at the

agreed level of detail and for the given purpose.

Non-geometric data – descriptive information, properties and attributes or time information describing the

qualitative and quantitative characteristics of a building.

Valuation – the process of creating price for individual parts or building elements in all phases of the

building’s life cycle. Methodology and valuation method differ from one stage to another.

Certification – The process of gathering information about the actual state and the creation of certificates.

Certificates are records of tangible and/or intangible assets for its efficient operation, maintenance and

refurbishment. The purpose is to monitor the asset life cycle, its management and optimization of its use. In

the case of buildings, the construction and technical condition is also recorded, and the certificate serves as

a basis for planning further life-extending and benefit-increasing processes.

BIM model element – digital representation of a building product or building element.

Permissible purpose – reason of use related to the design, construction, operation or maintenance of a

building.

Combined model – an overall model composed of interconnected different stand-alone models.

Common Data Environment (CDE) – digital storage for storing and sharing of all common building

information. It can contain all the necessary information and documents that are created and shared not

only during the design and construction process, but also during the subsequent stages of the building’s life

cycle.

Construction project – the construction project includes the overall purpose of the building, it is not just a

part of the design (project documentation).

Building element – part of a building with a characteristic function, shape or position, e.g. floor structure,

wall structure, road structure, etc. (source: ČSN ISO 12006-2), which is composed of one or more construction

products and, as a rule, it is designed by a designer as unique for each project.

Building product – product intended for permanent installation into a building, e.g. products for load-bearing

and partition structures, for technical equipment, etc.

TNI (Technical Standardization Information) – national document or transposed technical report (TR) or a

publicly available specification (PAS) of European or international standardization organizations. These are:

(a) A technical document of informative character that contains technical data or technical solutions not

included in the applicable standards. TNI generally contains proven data from abrogated standards whose

keeping is effective, or technical requirements that are not yet ready to be made into a standard.

(b) In the case of a transposed international or European document – transposition of products of European

and international standardization organizations TR and PAS complementing a set of standards and

specification under the acronym TNI. The identification of these documents is similar to the transposed

standards (TNI/TR and TNI/PAS). Source: http://unmz.cz.

Technical equipment of buildings – a set of selected facilities creating the indoor environment of buildings.

Technical equipment of buildings includes distribution lines and management of various forms of energy,

heating, ventilation, air conditioning, cooling, gas distribution, water and sewerage, central vacuum cleaners,

wiring (measurement and regulation, electrical wiring, lighting, security technology, control systems for all

technical equipment, lightning rods, telephone lines, TV signal lines, computer networks, etc.) and other

technical equipment in buildings (lifts, etc.).

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Level of geometry (LOG) – the agreed detail of the geometric data of each part of the model and of the

construction elements used. The abbreviation used and designation will follow developments in technical

standards. The original abbreviation was LOD (Level of Detail).

Level of information (LOI) – the agreed detail of non-geometric data (technical, price, time, etc.) of each part

of the model and of the construction elements used. Often, this term is also abbreviated LOD – Level of

Development. The abbreviation used and designation will follow developments in technical standards.

Level of Development (LOD) – agreed stage – stage of development of building documentation. LOG and LOI

to be used should be agreed for each phase. The abbreviation used and designation will follow developments

in technical standards.

8.2 Annex 2 – List of technical standards

- ČSN EN ISO 29481-2:2017 Building information modelling - Information delivery manual - Part 2:

Interaction framework (issued by transposing the original EN version of the ISO standard)

- ČSN ISO 29481-1:2014 Building information modelling - Information delivery manual - Part 1:

Methodology and format (issued by transposing the original EN version of the ISO standard)

- ČSN EN ISO 16739:2017 Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for data sharing in the construction and facility

management industries (issued by the mere announcement of the EN version of the ISO standard)

- ČSN ISO 12006-2 Building construction - Organization of information about construction works - Part 2:

Framework for classification (translated)

- ČSN ISO 12006-3:2014 Building construction - Organization of information about construction works - Part

3: Framework for object-oriented information (issued by transposing the original EN version of the ISO

standard)

- [6] ČSN ISO 16757-1:2017 Data structures for electronic product catalogues for building services - Part

1: Concepts, architecture and model (translated)

- ČSN ISO 22263:2014 Organization of information about construction works - Framework for management

of project information (issued by transposing the original EN version of the ISO standard)

- ČSN ISO 16354: 2014 Guidelines for knowledge libraries and object libraries (issued by transposing the

original EN version of the ISO standard)

- prEN ISO 19650-1 Information management using building information modelling - Part 1: Concepts and

Principles (in preparation)

- prEN ISO 19650-2 Information management using building information modelling - Part 2- Delivery phase

of the assets (in preparation)

Note: List as of 30 June 2017. The current state of technical standards for BIM is subject to changes according

to the development of technical standardization and their list is available on the ISO, CEN and UNMZ website

(www.seznamcsn.unmz.cz under the 7301 classification mark).

51 / 51

8.3 Annex 3 – Literature

- KUDA F., BERÁNKOVÁ E., SOUKUP P., Facility management v kostce pro profesionály i laiky, nakladatelství

FORM Solution, First edition 2012, ISBN 978-80905257-0-2

- MIKŠ L., MIKŠ R., TICHÁ, KOŠULIČ, Optimalizace technickoekonomických charakteristik životního cyklu

stavebního díla, Akademické nakladatelství CERM, Brno, 2008, ISBN 978-80-7204-599-0

- Strategy Paper for the Government Construction Client Group from the BIM Industry Working Group, UK

- Handbook for the introduction of Building Information Modelling by European Public Sector – a

handbook prepared in 2017 in a pan-European collaboration between representatives of public sector

organizations from 21 EU countries, members of the EU BIM Task Group, with the support of the

European Commission

- Government Construction Strategy – Government strategy for construction in the United Kingdom, May

2011

- Level 3 Building Information Modelling – Strategic Plan – Strategic Plan for BIM in the United Kingdom,

February 2015

- Plan Transition Numérique dans le Bâtiment – Building digitization plan in France, June 2015

- Stufenplan Digitales Planen und Bauen - Digitization plan for the preparation and construction of buildings

in Germany, December 2015

- Webiste of CEN [online], 2017 [cit. 08/03/2016]. Available at: http://standards.cen.eu

- Webiste of ISO [online], 2017 [cit. 08/03/2016]. Available at: http://iso.org

- Webiste of buildingSMART [online], 2017 [cit. 08/03/2016]. Available at: http://buildingsmart.org

- Website on INSPIRE [online], CENIA, Czech Environmental Information Agency, 2017 [cit. 08/03/2017].

Available at: http://inspire.gov.cz/