Creativity via Big Data

from Big Data to Computational Thinking to Creative Problem-solving

Kim Flintoff Academic Engagement Developer Curtin Teaching and Learning

I  acknowledge  the  Nyungar  Wadjuk  people  as  the  tradi8onal  owners  of  country  on  which  Cur8n’s  Bentley  

campus  sits.    

I  wish  to  acknowledge  their  con8nuing  connec8on  to  land,  sea  and  community  and  I  pay  my  respects  to  them  and  their  culture;  and  to  elders  past,  present  and  future.

Abstract

Einstein published his ideas and became a pivotal element in shifting the way we think about physics - from the Newtonian model to the Quantum - in turn this changed the way we think about the world and allowed us to develop new ways of engaging with the world.

We are at a similar juncture. The development of computational technologies allows us to think about “astronomical” volumes of data and to make meaning of that data.

The mindshift that occurs is that “the machine is our friend”. The computer, like all machines, extends our capabilities. As a consequence the types of thinking now required in industry are those that get away from thinking like a computer and shift towards creative engagement with possibilities. Logical thinking is still necessary but it starts to be driven by imagination.

Computational thinking and data science change the way we think about defining and solving problems.

The age of creativity - which increasingly extends its impact from arts applications to business, scientific, technological, entrepreneurship, political, and other contexts.

02

Einstein Schrödinger

Gödel Bohr

http://tiny.cc/data-kf

Square Kilometre Array / Murchison Widefield Array

Presentation TimelineMaking time for discussion

02.00

Cloud computing

05.00

Big Data

05.00

Internet of Everything

07.00

Analytics and Visualisation

5.00

Teaching and Learning

05.00

Data Management

15.00

Q & A

03

04

Innovating learning for Curtin centres

upon building a highly media rich,

interactive and personalised learning

experience for all our learners. To

facilitate this, CTL are working on a

number of internationally leading

projects and programs.

History

Curtin Teaching and LearningStrategic Innovations in Learning Engagement

01

“ New technologies have resulted in unprecedented global competition and enabled learning to be delivered effectively on a much larger scale. “

05Our ChallengeTransforming Teaching and Learning

students have unprecedented choice

technology has removed geographic boundaries

employers expect job ready leaders

0106Your presenterKim Flintoff

Mr. Kim Flintoff

@kimbowa

+KimFlintoff

facebook.com/kimbowa

Academic Engagement Developer

Strategic Innovations in Learning Engagement

Teacher, researcher, scholar

Current work focusses include games and

gamification in learning contexts, new platforms

for collaborative global learning, challenge-based

engagement, sustainability education, learning

by making, trasnmedia approaches to learning

engagement, microcredentialling and badging

approaches, computational learning, learning

analytics and other big data strategies in the

higher education sector.

k.flintoff@curtin.edu.au

0107What is “the cloud”and where is it?

Mr. Kim Flintoff

@kimbowa

+KimFlintoff

facebook.com/kimbowa

In many ways, the cloud is everywhere.

“The cloud” is a metaphor for a seemingly

amorphorous network of computers.

The types of computers vary and have many

purposes - processing, storage, service delivery,

servers, etc.

The great benefit of “the cloud” is that it enables

you to access and store the tools and

information you need from anywhere in the

world that is connected.

For most of us “the cloud” is the internet.

k.flintoff@curtin.edu.au

The Beginners Guide to the Cloud - http://mashable.com/2013/08/26/what-is-the-cloud/

0108What is “data”and where is it?

Is any collection of things that you intend to make

meaning from. It might come in the form of

numbers, words, pictures, stories, colours, sounds,

measurements, observations, descriptions.

Without context its has limited value or meaning.

Big data in many cases refers to the ability to create

this meaning from available data sources

Data can be structured, semi-structured or

unstructured.

Information - is data that has a known context, has

been processed in some way and can be applied to

some form of problem-solving or meaning-making.

k.flintoff@curtin.edu.au

What is Data - https://youtu.be/EMHP-q4GEDc

0109Types of dataQualitative and quantitative

Qualitative and quantitative data - simple

distinction is things that can be expressed

in numbers (quantitative) and those that

are not (qualitative) - but qualitative data

can be expressed numerically and

quantitative data is based upon

qualitative judgements

Data can be structured, semi-structured

or unstructured.

Types of Data - http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/datatype.php

Q. What quantitative data could I generate about this?

Q. What qualitative data could I generate about this?

Q. Can data tell me if I will enjoy it?

Time to serve, bacteria count, degree of similarity between item served and item advertised, verbal exchanges around the product, attention to detail….

0110Managing dataSecurity, databases, metadata

Types of Data - http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/datatype.php

Database - a structured organisation of a

collection of data.

Metadata - labelling data to make it more

manageable (search terms, keywords,

descriptions, labels, categories, etc)

Data cleansing - ensuring the accuracy of

data

0111Big dataWhat is it, and where does it come from?

Photo credit: - https://flic.kr/p/da8jMn

Big data is a term normally used to

describe data collections that are so large

or so complex that they require computer

assisted analysis in order to present the

material in a human accessible form.

The term is being applied to the complex

process of collecting, managing, analysing,

representing and developing insights.

1. Portentous2. Perverse3. Personal4. Productive5. Partial6. Practices7. Predictive8. Political9. Provocative10. Privacy11. Polyvalent12. Polymorphous13. Playful

13 Ps of Big Data

13 “P”s of Big Data - https://simplysociology.wordpress.com/2015/05/11/the-thirteen-ps-of-big-data/ Portentous, Perverse, Personal, Productive, Partial, Practices, Predictive, Political, Provocative, Privacy, Polyvalent, Polymorphous, PlayfulDeborah Lupton

5 “V”s of Big Data - http://www.ats.avnet.com/na/en-us/news/Pages/The-5-Vs-of-Big-Data.aspxVolume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, Value

0112Big dataHow do we get it, what do we do with it.

Photo credit: - https://www.flickr.com/photos/keoni101/7069578953/in/photostream/ (Image by Keoni Cabral CC 2.0)

Estimates suggest that the vast majority of data is unstructured.

Human activity generates data.

Sources of human data - behaviour, answering questions, biological data, measurements,

wearable technology, online behaviour, interaction with devices, machines, etc. spending,

buying, games, etc…

Other types of data - anything we count, record, measure, etc

What examples can the group suggest?

0113Big data and businessIts happening now

Further reading: Secure Development of Internet of Things Products for Education http://www.educause.edu/blogs/vvogel/secure-development-internet-things-products-education

Three main areas:

• decision making capabilities

• business intelligence - discovery and insights

• automation

and can be applied across many business functions:

• marketing

• market research

• design

• planning

• manufacturing

• invention

• research and development

• customer service

Ian Blevin referred to business intelligence, data and decision making over a 3 year cycle. Big data may drive shifts to even more adaptive and responsive approaches… supply chain, demand, etc.

Businesses will increasingly have access to open data repositories. Business solutions will be subject to Creative Commons licensing.

http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/

0114Big data and businessIts happening now

Source: The Internet in Real-Time - http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/

Businesses will increasingly have access to open data repositories. Business solutions will be subject to Creative Commons licensing.

http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/

Kobalt, the London-based startup that has built big-data technology to track and collect digital music royalties from across multiple streaming platforms, is turning up the volume on its business. The company has quietly acquired and redesigned one of the main collection agencies in the U.S. — the American Mechanical Rights Agency. http://techcrunch.com/2015/06/08/kobalt-quietly-acquired-amra-to-launch-its-own-global-collection-group-for-digital-music/

0115Open access dataRe-use real world data for learning

Activity Using one of the sources listed here locate data sets that might be useful in the context of your teaching.

https://researchdata.ands.org.au/

http://www.data.gov/http://www.data.gov/

http://datacatalog.worldbank.org/

http://www.opendataresearch.org/emergingimpacts

http://blog.visual.ly/data-sources/

0116Big data in educationsometimes called “learning analytics”

Tin Can (Experience) API - http://tincanapi.com/overview/

0117The Internet of Thingsthe world of connected everything

Governance and Recordkeeping Around the World Newsletter (April 2015) http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/services/government-information-resources/information-management/Documents/april-2015.pdf

“Approximately 14 billion objects (things) are connected to the Internet and is growing. We are now entering a new phase in how these objects are used and what will be their impact. The IoT brings with it enormous opportunities, to both the private and public sectors, in all areas including the management of information throughout its lifecycle.”

18

6 connected things per human by 2020 - http://images.info.polycom.com/Web/PolycomInc/%7Bb218e958-d861-449d-9262-fe694a5eab98%7D_bb-annualreport2012.pdf

0118The Internet of Thingswhat might it look like?

What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/

“Thingful® is a search engine for the Internet of

Things, providing a unique geographical index of

connected objects around the world, including

energy, radiation, weather, and air quality devices

as well as seismographs, iBeacons, ships, aircraft

and even animal trackers. Thingful’s powerful

search capabilities enable people to find devices,

datasets and realtime data sources by geolocation

across many popular Internet of Things networks,

and presents them using a proprietary patent-

pending geospatial device data search ranking

methodology, ThingRank®.”

0119The Internet of ThingsBecomes searchable

What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/

“Shodan is the world's first search engine for

Internet-connected devices.”

0120The Internet of ThingsCisco Internet of Everything (IoE) Innovation Centre (CIIC)

What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/

“Curtin University will host the Western Australian

hub of the Cisco Internet of Everything (IoE)

Innovation Centre (CIIC)”

Cisco IoE Innovation Centre Australia helps local

and global organisations improve business

outcomes. As an innovation centre and workplace

for customers, partners, startups, universities and

open communities, we're doing this in three ways:

• Demonstrating IoE in action to solve business

and public sector problems

• Engaging in rapid solution and product

prototyping

• Research and investments in local resources,

including companies and people CIIC - http://news.curtin.edu.au/media-releases/cisco-internet-everything-innovation-centre-launched-curtin/

$77Bn disclosed deals relating to IoT in Q1 2015 - http://www.eweek.com/small-business/internet-of-things-cloud-drive-tech-deals-in-q1.html*

0121Data miningMaking sense of big data

Photo credit: -https://www.flickr.com/photos/franganillo/3678747186/ (CC Jorge Franganillo)

Data mining is the process of looking for patterns

and relationships within and across data

collections. Normally by applying some form of

computerised manipulation.

Analytics - a visual expression of a particular

arrangement and analysis of data.

Data can tell you what has happened but can only

be used to guess what will happen - this is called

predictive analytics.

Open Data

“Open data and content can be freely used,

modified, and shared by anyone for any

purpose” (http://opendefinition.org/)

0122

Photo credit: We are Anonymous - https://www.flickr.com/photos/equinoxefr/6856903841/

Key questions

Who is allowed to collect data?

What can they do with it? What limits should be in place? Who owns data?

What data should be public domain?

At what point does tracking become stalking? At what point does data hoarding become a restrictive practice?

Ethics and data collectionEthics, security and privacy

Links Online privacy: 'Big

data' is watching, and building your digital

profile’ [news]

Ethical uses of big data and web analytics

[video]

Social, Cultural and Ethical Dimensions of

“Big Data” [video]

0123Ethics, security and privacyEthics, security and privacy

Photo credit: -https://www.flickr.com/photos/21218849@N03/3120339082/

Q. Responsibilities of knowing?

If I analyse your data and it suggests that you are at some sort of risk - what is my responsibility to inform you?

Eg: Key updates to the eBay Privacy Notice:• eBay and PayPal data sharing: An entirely new sub-section under Disclosure to cover the authorised data sharing between eBay and PayPal.

Tim Cook:

“Like many of you, we at Apple reject the idea that our customers should have to make tradeoffs between privacy and security,” Cook opened. “We can, and we must provide both in equal measure. We believe that people have a fundamental right to privacy. The American people demand it, the constitution demands it, morality demands it.”http://techcrunch.com/2015/06/02/apples-tim-cook-delivers-blistering-speech-on-encryption-privacy/

0124Ethics, security and privacyEthics, security and privacy

Photo credits: - ASIO - http://www.abc.net.au/news/image/4630312-3x2-940x627.jpg GCHQ - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters#/media/File:GCHQ-aerial.jpg

Who can collect, keep, share, use your data?

After ethical data collection it is essential to consider data security.

How do you protect against:

Corruption - maintain data integrity Manipulation - control uses Access - gate keeping

Currently they refer to the amount of data held by these agencies in Yottabytes - but they are preparing for Brontobytes - 1027

- 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

0125PrivacyPrivacy is largely an ACCESS issue.

Photo credit: o5com - https://www.flickr.com/photos/o5com/5107015769/in/photostream/

Personally Identifying Information - a lot of big data is de-identified (especially in formal research contexts) - but if the business goal is some form of personalisation then privacy becomes a matter of controlling access.

0126Data visualisationCommunicating the meaning of your data visually.

Visualisation Examples: http://savedelete.com/design/data-visualization-examples/176982/

Data visualisation examples:

• Charts,

• graphs,

• maps

• Infographics

• Interactive displays

• Adaptive display

• Dynamic display

Many tools are applied to his kind of work:

Rapid Miner

Tableau

22 Free tools article

30+ Free Tools

Storytelling with Data Visualisation: http://blog.kurtosys.com/storytelling-data-visualization/

27

0127Data visualisationHandling data physically - 3D printing

Visualisation Examples: http://savedelete.com/design/data-visualization-examples/176982/

Data visualisation examples:

• Charts,

• graphs,

• maps

• Infographics

• Interactive displays

• Adaptive display

• Dynamic display

and more recently by using manufacturing

technologies like 3D printing.

Visualising data (Brendan Dawes): http://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelhumphrey/2015/02/19/making-data-souvenirs-via-3d-printing-a-chat-with-brendan-dawes/

0128Computational ThinkingThinking logically, thinking with a structure.

Photo credit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_complexity_theory

“ Computational Thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent. “ Cuny, Snyder, Wing

0129Computational ThinkingBringing it into work and learning

Photo credit: https://www.behance.net/gallery/5798457/ISTE-Computational-Thinking-Poster

Scaffolding design thinking, computational

thinking and creative problem-solving

(innovation)

• Challenge based approaches

• Defining problems

• Collaborative solutions

• Authentic- Real world application - use

global challenges as an example.

• Rapid iteration (modelling/prototyping/

testing)

• Novel juxtaposition

• Bluesky speculation

0130Computational ThinkingApplying it to challenge based learning

Photo credit: http://challenge.curtin.edu.au

Welcome to Curtin Challenge, where you can

develop your skills, build your networks, and

shape your future. Challenge is a fun and

interactive way to learn, and is just one of the

many ways Curtin University is transforming

your University experience.

Curtin Challenge is a platform where you can

explore different themes of interest, to

achieve your personal and professional goals.

Challenges allow you to develop your skills,

build your networks, and shape your future

while earning badges and achievements.

0131Computational ThinkingApplying it to challenge based learning

Photo credit: https://www.apple.com/au/education/docs/CBL_Classroom_Guide_Jan_2011.pdf

Challenge Based Learning

mirrors the 21st century

workplace. To stay true to its

intent, make sure participants:

• Work in collaborative groups

• Use technology commonly used in

daily life

• Tackle real-world problems using a

multidisciplinary approach

• Share the results with the world

0132Computational Pedagogyfrom literacy to fluency; from using to making; from watching to creating

CodingTransform learning

Fluencies

Hacking

Making

0133Computational PedagogyBringing it into work and learning

Download report: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/13170/report-of-a-workshop-on-the-pedagogical-aspects-of-computational-thinking

In 2008, the Computer and Information

Science and Engineering Directorate of

the National Science Foundation asked

the National Research Council (NRC) to

conduct two workshops to explore the

nature of computational thinking and its

cognitive and educational implications.

The first workshop focused on the scope

and nature of computational thinking and

on articulating what "computational

thinking for everyone" might mean. A

report of that workshop was released in

January 2010.

0134Learning by makingfrom consuming to creating

Resource: Makerspace Playbook (MakerEd) http://makered.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Makerspace-Playbook-Feb-2013.pdf

“ This playbook will help you establish a wonderful new resource in your school,

neighborhood, or wider local community. It shares the knowledge and experience from the Makerspace team as well as from those who have already started Makerspaces. “

0135Bluesky LearningInnovation is creative problem-solving

Photo Credit: "Newton Blue Sky". Licensed under CC BY 2.5 via Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Newton_Blue_Sky.jpg#/media/File:Newton_Blue_Sky.jpg

“Gentleness, Virtue, Wisdom, and Endurance, These are the seals of that most firm assurance Which bars the pit over Destruction's strength;

And if, with infirm hand, Eternity, Mother of many acts and hours, should free

The serpent that would clasp her with his length; These are the spells by which to reassume

An empire o'er the disentangled doom.

To suffer woes which Hope thinks infinite; To forgive wrongs darker than death or night;

To defy Power, which seems omnipotent; To love, and bear; to hope till Hope creates

From its own wreck the thing it contemplates; Neither to change, nor falter, nor repent;

This, like thy glory, Titan, is to be Good, great and joyous, beautiful and free; This is alone Life, Joy, Empire, and Victory.”

― Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prometheus Unbound

0136SMART LearningAdapting educational contexts to the era of big data

From David Gibson - https://prezi.com/ynemeqygnohl/theta-2015 (used with permission)

Synchronous Multiply Connected Asynchronous ROI Transformed

Ubiquitous technology Networked Integrated Systems

Multiply (adverb)

Let computers compute . The age of the right brain. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/06/technology/06unbox.html

Big data needs more creative types:

37

“The data artist blends engineering and statistical know-how with

intuition and novel problem-solving abilities to uncover insights and

create value from data.

“Data Scientist” is a fine job title for those who navigate terabytes of

information in search of patterns and relevance, connecting dots to

create value and competitive advantage.”

Creativity is the future of workThe dawn of the creative economy

Big data needs more creative types: http://www.forbes.com/sites/teradata/2015/01/30/big-data-needs-more-creative-types/

Developing capacity as data artists might be the key to business success.

The “adjacent possible” may redirect business intelligence to transformation.

The ‘adjacent possible” - Stuart Kauffman

DiscussionVerbal data exchange

Q&

A

0139Main takeawaysIf you remember nothing else, remember these.

• Understand how to work with data

• Collaborate at every opportunity

• Strive for authenticity

• Critically engage with the changes

• Take in the long view

• Actively engage with complexity

Conclusion

Start with familiar data

Start with available

tools

Start sooner rather than

later

Start with unlimited thinking

EDUCAUSE identified five domains of core functionality for the NGDLE:

1 Interoperability and Integration2 Personalization3 Analytics, Advising, and Learning Assessment4 Collaboration5 Accessibility and Universal Design

Good ByeSee you next time, have a nice day

Big Data, Computation and the Internet of Thingshttp://www.scoop.it/t/big-data-computation-and-internet-of-things