BICOMPONENT FIBERS

Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshirID: 201000040000813th Batch (session 2009-2013)Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.comBlog : www. Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)

Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering

I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh

Prepared By :

Total Textile Process at a Glance

BICOMPONENT FIBERS The first commercial bicomponent application in the mid 1960s

Bicomponent fibers can be defined as "extruding two

polymers from the same spinneret, that is, both

polymers contained within the same filament.” The

term "conjugate fibers" is often used, particularly in

Asia, as synonymous with bicomponent fibers.

Bicomponent fibers are commonly classified by their

Definition:

Bicomponent fiber is comprised of two polymers of different chemical and / or physical properties extruded from the same spinneret with both polymers within the same filament.

fiber cross-section structures as:

1.Side-by-Side,

2.Sheath and Core

3.Islands-in-the-Sea and

4.Segmented-pie cross-section types

5.Tipped

6.Mixed Fiber

7.Micro Fiber

Advantages of Bicomponent Thermal Binder Fibers•Uniform distribution of adhesive •Fiber remains a part of structure and adds integrity •Customized sheath materials to bond various materials •Wide range of bonding temperatures •Cleaner, environmentally friendly (no effluent) •Recyclable •Lamination / molding / densification of composites.

Common Polymer Combinations in Bicomponent Thermal Binder Fibers

1. Polyester Core (250C melt point) with Copolyester Sheath (melt

points of 110C to 220C) 2. Polyester Core (250C melt point) with Polyethylene Sheath

(130C melt point) 3. Polypropylene Core (175C melt point) with Polyethylene Sheath

(130C melt point)

Bicomponent Fiber Capabilities

Bicomponents can provide:

1. Thermal bonding

2. Self bulking

3. Very fine fibers

4. Unique cross sections 5. The functionality of special polymers or additives at

reduced cost

POLYMERS

The polymers given below can be used as either of the components in the cross sections

PET (polyester) PEN polyester

Nylon 6,6 PCT polyester

Polypropylene PBT polyester

Nylon 6 co-polyamides

Polylactic acid polystyrene

Acetal polyurethane

Soluble co polyester HDPE, LLDPE

Worldwide, Japan and Korea led in bicomponent output with a total of 200 million

pounds annually. The production of the U.S. is currently around 60 million pounds

with Hoechst Celanese holding the lead. Other U.S. players in the Bicomponent

sector include Foss manufacturing, International Polymers Inc. and Fiber Visions.

The present production of bicomponent fibers worldwide is only a fraction of the

25 million metric tons of manmade fiber market, but the producers are confident

of significant growth in the next 10 years or so .

PRODUCERS

These fibers contain two components lying side-by-side. Generally, these fibers consist of two components divided along the length into two or more distinct regions.

Sheath-core Bicomponent

fibers are those fibers where

one of the componentsis fully

surrounded by the second

component.

These fibers are widely used

as bonding fibers in

Nonwoven industry.

Bicomponent Fibers Variants

Islands-in-the-Sea

Islands-in-the-Sea Sixteen Segment Pie

MATRIX-FIBRIL BICOMPONENT FIBERS

These are also called islands-in-the-sea fibers. Technically these are complicated structures to make and use. In cross section, they are areas of one polymer in a matrix of a second polymer. These types of bicomponent structure facilitate the generation of micro denier fibers. The ‘islands' are usually a melt spinnable polymer such as nylon, polyester or polypropylene. Polystyrene water-soluble polyesters and plasticized or saponified polyvinyl alcohol can form the sea or matrix. The finer deniers that can be obtained are normally below 0.1 denier

Nanofibers from splitting bicomponent fibers

SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE

PET

Nylon

Figure

Standard pie wedge fiber

Nylon

PET

Figure 6 Figure 7

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