BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf ·...

65
99 BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbas, G., Rukhsana, K., Akhtar, J. and Hong, L. (2005): Effects of dietary protein level on growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile mangrove red snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus). Journal of Oceanography (University of China), 4: 49 – 55. Abdel-Tawwab, M., Khattab, Y. A. E., Ahmad, M. H. and Shalaby, A. M. E. (2006): Compensatory growth, feed utilization, whole body composition and hematological changes in starved juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 18: 17 - 36. Adeparusi, E. O. and Agbede, J. O. (2005): Evaluation of leucaena and gliricidia leaf protein concentrate as supplements to bambara groundnut (Vignas subterranean (l. verdc) in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 12(2): 335 - 342. Adewolu, M. A. (2008): Potentials of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Leaf Meal as Dietary Ingredient for Tilapia zilli Fingerlings. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 7 (3): 444 - 449. Afuang, W., Siddhuraju, P. and Becker, K. (2003): Comparative nutritional evaluation of raw, methanol extracted residues and methanol extracts of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves on growth performance and feed utilization in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Aquaculture Research, 34: 1147 - 1159. Afzal Khan, M., Jafri, A. K., Chadha, N. K. and Usmani, N. (2003): Growth and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing oilseed meals: partial or total replacement of fish meal with soybean meal. Aquaculture Nutrition, 9: 391 – 396.

Transcript of BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf ·...

Page 1: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

99

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abbas G Rukhsana K Akhtar J and Hong L (2005) Effects of

dietary protein level on growth and utilization of protein and

energy by juvenile mangrove red snapper (Lutjanus

argentimaculatus) Journal of Oceanography (University of

China) 4 49 ndash 55

Abdel-Tawwab M Khattab Y A E Ahmad M H and Shalaby A M

E (2006) Compensatory growth feed utilization whole body

composition and hematological changes in starved juvenile Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 18 17 - 36

Adeparusi E O and Agbede J O (2005) Evaluation of leucaena and

gliricidia leaf protein concentrate as supplements to bambara

groundnut (Vignas subterranean (l verdc) in the diet of

Oreochromis niloticus Aquaculture Nutrition 12(2) 335 - 342

Adewolu M A (2008) Potentials of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)

Leaf Meal as Dietary Ingredient for Tilapia zilli Fingerlings

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 7 (3) 444 - 449

Afuang W Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative

nutritional evaluation of raw methanol extracted residues and

methanol extracts of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves on

growth performance and feed utilization in Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 34 1147 -

1159

Afzal Khan M Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003)

Growth and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets

containing oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal

with soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 ndash 396

100

Agbede J O and Aletor V A (2003) Comparative evaluation of

weaning foods from Gliricidia and Leucaena leaf protein

concentrates and some commercial brands in Nigeria Journal of

the Science of Food and Agriculture 84 21 - 30

Akiyama D M (1991) The use of soy products and other plant protein

supplements in aquaculture feeds In Proceedings of the

Aquaculture Feed Processing and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama

D M R K H Tan (eds)] American Soybean Association

Singapore pp 199 - 206

Al Hafedh Y S (1999) Effects of dietary protein on growth and body

composition of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L Aquaculture

Research 30 385 - 393

Ali M Z Hossain M A and Mazid M A (2005) Effect of mixed

feeding schedules with varying dietary protein levels on the

growth of sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes) in

ponds Aquaculture Research 36 627 - 634

Ali A Al-Asgah N A Al-Ogaily S M and Ali S (2003) Effect of

feeding different levels of alfalfa meal on growth performance and

body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

fingerlings Asian Fisheries Science 16 59 - 67

Allan G L and Rowland S J (1994) The use of Australian oilseeds

and grain legumes in aquaculture diets In L M Chou A D

Munro T J Lam T W Chen L K K Cheong J K Ding K K

Hooi H W Khoo V P E Phang K F Shim and C H Tan

(Editors) The Third Asian Fisheries Forum Asian Fisheries

Society Manila Philippines pp 667 - 670

101

Al-Ogaily S M Al-Asgah N A and Ali A (1996) Eect of feeding

dierent grain sources on the growth performance and body

composition of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture

Research 27 523 - 529

Alvarez-Gonzalez C A Civera-Cerecedo R Ortiz-Galindo J L

Dumas S Moreno-Legorreta M and Grayeb-Del Alamo T

(2001) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and body

composition of juvenile spotted sand bass Paralabrax

maculatofascinatus fed practical diets Aquaculture 194151 ndash

159

Amaya E A Davis D A and Rouse D B (2007) Replacement of fish

meal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) reared under pond conditions Aquaculture 262 393 -

401

Anderson J Jackson A J Matty A J and Caper B S (1984) Effect

of dietary carbohydrates and fibre on the tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Aquaculture 37 303 - 314

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1990) Official

methods of analysis of the association of official analytical

chemists Vol 1 14th edn Arlington VA USA 1102pp

Aoki H Shimazu H Fukushige T Akano H Yamagata Y and

Watanabe T (1996) Flesh quality in red sea bream fed with diet

containing a combination of different protein sources as total

substitution for fish meal Bulletin of Fisheries Research

Institute Mie University Japan 6 47 ndash 54

Appler N H (1985) Evaluation of Hydrodictyon reticulatum as a

protein source for Oreochromis (Tilapia) nilotica and Tilapia

zillii Journal of Fish Biology 27 327 ndash 333

102

Appler N H and Jauncey K (1983) The utilization of filamentous

green alga (Cladophora glomerata L Kutzin) as a protein in

pelleted feeds for Sarotherodon (Tilapia) niloticus fingerings

Aquaculture 30 21 ndash 30

Arndt R E Hardy R W Sugiura S H and Dong F M (1999) Effect

of heat treatment and substitution level on palatability and

nutritional value of soy defatted flour in feeds for coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch Aquaculture 180 129 - 145

Ayyappan S and Jena J K (1998) Carp culture in India - a

sustainable farming practice In Natarajan P Devendran K

Aravindan C M and Rita Kumari S D (eds) Advances in

aquatic biology and fisheries University of Kerala Trivandrum

pp 125ndash153

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2004)

Evaluation of nutritive value of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal

inoculated with fish intestinal bacteria Bacillus subtilis and

Bacillus circulans in formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 35 436 ndash 446

Bairagi A Sarkar ndash Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002a)

Duckweed (Lemna polyrhiza) leaf meal as a source of feedstuff in

formulated diets for rohu (Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings after

fermentation with a fish intestinal bacterium Bioresource

Technology 85 17 ndash 24

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002b)

Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive

tracts Aquaculture International 10 109 ndash 121

103

Balogun A M and Ologhobo A D (1989) Growth performance and

nutrient utilization of C gariepinus (Burchell 1822) fed raw

cooked soybean diets Aquaculture 76 119 ndash 126

Barnes H and Blacksock J (1973) Estimation of lipids in marine

animals and tissues Detailed investigation of sulphophos-

phovanillin method for total lipids Journal of Experimental

Marine Biology and Ecology Vol 12 (1) 103 - 118

Barros M M Lim C and Klesius P H (2002) Effect of soybean meal

replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on

growth immune response and resistance of Channel Catfish

(Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge

Aquaculture 207 263 ndash 279

Basavaraja N and Antony J (1997) Rearing of spawn and fry of

Cyprinus carpio on conventional and supplementary feed Indian

Journal of Fisheries 44 165 - 170

Bassompierre M Kjaer A and McLean E (1997) Simulating protein

digestion on trout a rapid and inexpensive method for

documenting fish meal quality and screening alternative protein

sources for use in aquafeeds Ribarstvo 55 137 - 145

Basudha C H and Vishwanath W (1988) Formulated feed based on

aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp

Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 12 155 - 164

Bazaz M M and Keshavanath P (1993) Effects of feeding different

levels of sardine oil on growth muscle composition and digestive

enzyme activities of mahseer Tor khudree Aquaculture 115 111

- 119

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 2: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

100

Agbede J O and Aletor V A (2003) Comparative evaluation of

weaning foods from Gliricidia and Leucaena leaf protein

concentrates and some commercial brands in Nigeria Journal of

the Science of Food and Agriculture 84 21 - 30

Akiyama D M (1991) The use of soy products and other plant protein

supplements in aquaculture feeds In Proceedings of the

Aquaculture Feed Processing and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama

D M R K H Tan (eds)] American Soybean Association

Singapore pp 199 - 206

Al Hafedh Y S (1999) Effects of dietary protein on growth and body

composition of nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L Aquaculture

Research 30 385 - 393

Ali M Z Hossain M A and Mazid M A (2005) Effect of mixed

feeding schedules with varying dietary protein levels on the

growth of sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes) in

ponds Aquaculture Research 36 627 - 634

Ali A Al-Asgah N A Al-Ogaily S M and Ali S (2003) Effect of

feeding different levels of alfalfa meal on growth performance and

body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

fingerlings Asian Fisheries Science 16 59 - 67

Allan G L and Rowland S J (1994) The use of Australian oilseeds

and grain legumes in aquaculture diets In L M Chou A D

Munro T J Lam T W Chen L K K Cheong J K Ding K K

Hooi H W Khoo V P E Phang K F Shim and C H Tan

(Editors) The Third Asian Fisheries Forum Asian Fisheries

Society Manila Philippines pp 667 - 670

101

Al-Ogaily S M Al-Asgah N A and Ali A (1996) Eect of feeding

dierent grain sources on the growth performance and body

composition of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture

Research 27 523 - 529

Alvarez-Gonzalez C A Civera-Cerecedo R Ortiz-Galindo J L

Dumas S Moreno-Legorreta M and Grayeb-Del Alamo T

(2001) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and body

composition of juvenile spotted sand bass Paralabrax

maculatofascinatus fed practical diets Aquaculture 194151 ndash

159

Amaya E A Davis D A and Rouse D B (2007) Replacement of fish

meal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) reared under pond conditions Aquaculture 262 393 -

401

Anderson J Jackson A J Matty A J and Caper B S (1984) Effect

of dietary carbohydrates and fibre on the tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Aquaculture 37 303 - 314

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1990) Official

methods of analysis of the association of official analytical

chemists Vol 1 14th edn Arlington VA USA 1102pp

Aoki H Shimazu H Fukushige T Akano H Yamagata Y and

Watanabe T (1996) Flesh quality in red sea bream fed with diet

containing a combination of different protein sources as total

substitution for fish meal Bulletin of Fisheries Research

Institute Mie University Japan 6 47 ndash 54

Appler N H (1985) Evaluation of Hydrodictyon reticulatum as a

protein source for Oreochromis (Tilapia) nilotica and Tilapia

zillii Journal of Fish Biology 27 327 ndash 333

102

Appler N H and Jauncey K (1983) The utilization of filamentous

green alga (Cladophora glomerata L Kutzin) as a protein in

pelleted feeds for Sarotherodon (Tilapia) niloticus fingerings

Aquaculture 30 21 ndash 30

Arndt R E Hardy R W Sugiura S H and Dong F M (1999) Effect

of heat treatment and substitution level on palatability and

nutritional value of soy defatted flour in feeds for coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch Aquaculture 180 129 - 145

Ayyappan S and Jena J K (1998) Carp culture in India - a

sustainable farming practice In Natarajan P Devendran K

Aravindan C M and Rita Kumari S D (eds) Advances in

aquatic biology and fisheries University of Kerala Trivandrum

pp 125ndash153

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2004)

Evaluation of nutritive value of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal

inoculated with fish intestinal bacteria Bacillus subtilis and

Bacillus circulans in formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 35 436 ndash 446

Bairagi A Sarkar ndash Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002a)

Duckweed (Lemna polyrhiza) leaf meal as a source of feedstuff in

formulated diets for rohu (Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings after

fermentation with a fish intestinal bacterium Bioresource

Technology 85 17 ndash 24

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002b)

Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive

tracts Aquaculture International 10 109 ndash 121

103

Balogun A M and Ologhobo A D (1989) Growth performance and

nutrient utilization of C gariepinus (Burchell 1822) fed raw

cooked soybean diets Aquaculture 76 119 ndash 126

Barnes H and Blacksock J (1973) Estimation of lipids in marine

animals and tissues Detailed investigation of sulphophos-

phovanillin method for total lipids Journal of Experimental

Marine Biology and Ecology Vol 12 (1) 103 - 118

Barros M M Lim C and Klesius P H (2002) Effect of soybean meal

replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on

growth immune response and resistance of Channel Catfish

(Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge

Aquaculture 207 263 ndash 279

Basavaraja N and Antony J (1997) Rearing of spawn and fry of

Cyprinus carpio on conventional and supplementary feed Indian

Journal of Fisheries 44 165 - 170

Bassompierre M Kjaer A and McLean E (1997) Simulating protein

digestion on trout a rapid and inexpensive method for

documenting fish meal quality and screening alternative protein

sources for use in aquafeeds Ribarstvo 55 137 - 145

Basudha C H and Vishwanath W (1988) Formulated feed based on

aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp

Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 12 155 - 164

Bazaz M M and Keshavanath P (1993) Effects of feeding different

levels of sardine oil on growth muscle composition and digestive

enzyme activities of mahseer Tor khudree Aquaculture 115 111

- 119

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 3: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

101

Al-Ogaily S M Al-Asgah N A and Ali A (1996) Eect of feeding

dierent grain sources on the growth performance and body

composition of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture

Research 27 523 - 529

Alvarez-Gonzalez C A Civera-Cerecedo R Ortiz-Galindo J L

Dumas S Moreno-Legorreta M and Grayeb-Del Alamo T

(2001) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and body

composition of juvenile spotted sand bass Paralabrax

maculatofascinatus fed practical diets Aquaculture 194151 ndash

159

Amaya E A Davis D A and Rouse D B (2007) Replacement of fish

meal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) reared under pond conditions Aquaculture 262 393 -

401

Anderson J Jackson A J Matty A J and Caper B S (1984) Effect

of dietary carbohydrates and fibre on the tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Aquaculture 37 303 - 314

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) (1990) Official

methods of analysis of the association of official analytical

chemists Vol 1 14th edn Arlington VA USA 1102pp

Aoki H Shimazu H Fukushige T Akano H Yamagata Y and

Watanabe T (1996) Flesh quality in red sea bream fed with diet

containing a combination of different protein sources as total

substitution for fish meal Bulletin of Fisheries Research

Institute Mie University Japan 6 47 ndash 54

Appler N H (1985) Evaluation of Hydrodictyon reticulatum as a

protein source for Oreochromis (Tilapia) nilotica and Tilapia

zillii Journal of Fish Biology 27 327 ndash 333

102

Appler N H and Jauncey K (1983) The utilization of filamentous

green alga (Cladophora glomerata L Kutzin) as a protein in

pelleted feeds for Sarotherodon (Tilapia) niloticus fingerings

Aquaculture 30 21 ndash 30

Arndt R E Hardy R W Sugiura S H and Dong F M (1999) Effect

of heat treatment and substitution level on palatability and

nutritional value of soy defatted flour in feeds for coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch Aquaculture 180 129 - 145

Ayyappan S and Jena J K (1998) Carp culture in India - a

sustainable farming practice In Natarajan P Devendran K

Aravindan C M and Rita Kumari S D (eds) Advances in

aquatic biology and fisheries University of Kerala Trivandrum

pp 125ndash153

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2004)

Evaluation of nutritive value of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal

inoculated with fish intestinal bacteria Bacillus subtilis and

Bacillus circulans in formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 35 436 ndash 446

Bairagi A Sarkar ndash Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002a)

Duckweed (Lemna polyrhiza) leaf meal as a source of feedstuff in

formulated diets for rohu (Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings after

fermentation with a fish intestinal bacterium Bioresource

Technology 85 17 ndash 24

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002b)

Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive

tracts Aquaculture International 10 109 ndash 121

103

Balogun A M and Ologhobo A D (1989) Growth performance and

nutrient utilization of C gariepinus (Burchell 1822) fed raw

cooked soybean diets Aquaculture 76 119 ndash 126

Barnes H and Blacksock J (1973) Estimation of lipids in marine

animals and tissues Detailed investigation of sulphophos-

phovanillin method for total lipids Journal of Experimental

Marine Biology and Ecology Vol 12 (1) 103 - 118

Barros M M Lim C and Klesius P H (2002) Effect of soybean meal

replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on

growth immune response and resistance of Channel Catfish

(Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge

Aquaculture 207 263 ndash 279

Basavaraja N and Antony J (1997) Rearing of spawn and fry of

Cyprinus carpio on conventional and supplementary feed Indian

Journal of Fisheries 44 165 - 170

Bassompierre M Kjaer A and McLean E (1997) Simulating protein

digestion on trout a rapid and inexpensive method for

documenting fish meal quality and screening alternative protein

sources for use in aquafeeds Ribarstvo 55 137 - 145

Basudha C H and Vishwanath W (1988) Formulated feed based on

aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp

Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 12 155 - 164

Bazaz M M and Keshavanath P (1993) Effects of feeding different

levels of sardine oil on growth muscle composition and digestive

enzyme activities of mahseer Tor khudree Aquaculture 115 111

- 119

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 4: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

102

Appler N H and Jauncey K (1983) The utilization of filamentous

green alga (Cladophora glomerata L Kutzin) as a protein in

pelleted feeds for Sarotherodon (Tilapia) niloticus fingerings

Aquaculture 30 21 ndash 30

Arndt R E Hardy R W Sugiura S H and Dong F M (1999) Effect

of heat treatment and substitution level on palatability and

nutritional value of soy defatted flour in feeds for coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch Aquaculture 180 129 - 145

Ayyappan S and Jena J K (1998) Carp culture in India - a

sustainable farming practice In Natarajan P Devendran K

Aravindan C M and Rita Kumari S D (eds) Advances in

aquatic biology and fisheries University of Kerala Trivandrum

pp 125ndash153

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2004)

Evaluation of nutritive value of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal

inoculated with fish intestinal bacteria Bacillus subtilis and

Bacillus circulans in formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 35 436 ndash 446

Bairagi A Sarkar ndash Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002a)

Duckweed (Lemna polyrhiza) leaf meal as a source of feedstuff in

formulated diets for rohu (Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings after

fermentation with a fish intestinal bacterium Bioresource

Technology 85 17 ndash 24

Bairagi A Sarkar - Ghosh K Sen S K and Ray A K (2002b)

Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive

tracts Aquaculture International 10 109 ndash 121

103

Balogun A M and Ologhobo A D (1989) Growth performance and

nutrient utilization of C gariepinus (Burchell 1822) fed raw

cooked soybean diets Aquaculture 76 119 ndash 126

Barnes H and Blacksock J (1973) Estimation of lipids in marine

animals and tissues Detailed investigation of sulphophos-

phovanillin method for total lipids Journal of Experimental

Marine Biology and Ecology Vol 12 (1) 103 - 118

Barros M M Lim C and Klesius P H (2002) Effect of soybean meal

replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on

growth immune response and resistance of Channel Catfish

(Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge

Aquaculture 207 263 ndash 279

Basavaraja N and Antony J (1997) Rearing of spawn and fry of

Cyprinus carpio on conventional and supplementary feed Indian

Journal of Fisheries 44 165 - 170

Bassompierre M Kjaer A and McLean E (1997) Simulating protein

digestion on trout a rapid and inexpensive method for

documenting fish meal quality and screening alternative protein

sources for use in aquafeeds Ribarstvo 55 137 - 145

Basudha C H and Vishwanath W (1988) Formulated feed based on

aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp

Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 12 155 - 164

Bazaz M M and Keshavanath P (1993) Effects of feeding different

levels of sardine oil on growth muscle composition and digestive

enzyme activities of mahseer Tor khudree Aquaculture 115 111

- 119

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 5: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

103

Balogun A M and Ologhobo A D (1989) Growth performance and

nutrient utilization of C gariepinus (Burchell 1822) fed raw

cooked soybean diets Aquaculture 76 119 ndash 126

Barnes H and Blacksock J (1973) Estimation of lipids in marine

animals and tissues Detailed investigation of sulphophos-

phovanillin method for total lipids Journal of Experimental

Marine Biology and Ecology Vol 12 (1) 103 - 118

Barros M M Lim C and Klesius P H (2002) Effect of soybean meal

replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on

growth immune response and resistance of Channel Catfish

(Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge

Aquaculture 207 263 ndash 279

Basavaraja N and Antony J (1997) Rearing of spawn and fry of

Cyprinus carpio on conventional and supplementary feed Indian

Journal of Fisheries 44 165 - 170

Bassompierre M Kjaer A and McLean E (1997) Simulating protein

digestion on trout a rapid and inexpensive method for

documenting fish meal quality and screening alternative protein

sources for use in aquafeeds Ribarstvo 55 137 - 145

Basudha C H and Vishwanath W (1988) Formulated feed based on

aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp

Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 12 155 - 164

Bazaz M M and Keshavanath P (1993) Effects of feeding different

levels of sardine oil on growth muscle composition and digestive

enzyme activities of mahseer Tor khudree Aquaculture 115 111

- 119

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 6: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

104

Beck H Group J Koops H and Tiews K (1979) Single cell protein

in trout diets In Finfish Nutrition and Fish Feed Technology

(Halver J E and Tiews K eds) Vol 2 Heenemann Berlin pp

269-280

Becker K and Makkar H P S (1999) Eects of dietary tannic acid and

quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Aquaculture 175 327 - 335

Belal I E H and Assem H (1995) Substitution of soybean meal and

oil for fish meal in practical diets fed to channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus (Rafinesque) effects on body composition Aquaculture

Research 26 141ndash145

Belal I E H and Al-Doseri M (1999) Replacement of Fish Meal with

Salicornia Meal in Feeds for Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Journal of World Aquaculture Society Vol 30 (2) 285 ndash 289

Benkappa S and Varghese T J (2003) Isoleucine leucine and valine

requirement of juvenile Indian major carp Cirrhinus cirrhosus

(Bloch 1795) Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 33 161ndash172

Bernfeld P (1955) Amylases -

1 (ed by S P Colowick and K Kaplan) Academic Press New

York USA pp 149ndash150

Bidinotto P M Moraes G and Souza R H S (1997) Hepatic

glycogen and glucose in eight tropical fresh water teleost fish a

procedure for field determinations of microsamples B Teacutec

CEPTA Pirassununga 10 53 ndash 60

Biswas G Jena J K Singh S K Patmajhi P and Muduli H K

(2006) Effect of feeding frequency on growth survival and feed

utilization in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala and rohu Labeo rohita

during nursery rearing Aquaculture 254 211ndash218

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 7: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

105

Blier P Pelletier D and Dutil J D (1997) Does aerobic capacity set a

limit on fish growth rate Reviews in Fisheries Science 5 323 ndash

340

Boonyaratpalin M Suraneiranat P and Tunpibal T (1998)

Replacement of fish meal with various types of soybean products

in diets for Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Aquaculture 161 67 -

78

Borgeson T L Racz V J Wilkie D C White L J and Drew M D

(2006) Effect of replacing fishmeal and oil with simple or complex

mixtures of vegetable ingredients in diets fed to Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture Nutrition 12 141 - 149

Brauge C Medale F and Corraze G (1994) effect of dietary

carbohydrate levels on growth body composition and glycaemia in

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss reared in seawater

Aquaculture 123 109 - 120

Brown P B Twibell R Jonker Y and Wilson K A (1997)

Evaluation of three soybean products in diets fed to juvenile

hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis times M chrysops Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 28 215 - 223

Brown P B Dabrowski K and Garling D L (1996) Nutrition and

feeding of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 12 171 ndash 174

Buddington R K Krogdahl A and Bakke-Mckellep A M (1997) The

intestine of carnivorous fish structure and functions and the

relations with diet Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 638 67 - 80

Buddington R K and Hilton J W (1987) Intestinal adaptations of

rainbow trout to changes in dietary carbohydrate American

Journal of Physiology 253 289 - 296

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 8: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

106

Burel C Boujard T Tulli F and Kaushik S J (2000) Digestibility of

extruded peas extruded lupin and rapeseed meal in rainbow

trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima)

Aquaculture 188 285 ndash 298

Cahu C L and Zambonino Infante J L (1994) Early weaning of sea

bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae with a compound diet effect

on digestive enzymes Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

109A 213 - 222

Cahu C and Zambonino Infante J L (2001) Substitution of live food

by formulated diets in marine fish larvae Aquaculture 200 161 ndash

180

Carter C G (1998) Fish meal replacement in aquaculture feeds for

Atlantic salmon Fisheries Research and Development Deakin

Australia pp 1 - 136

Catacutan M R and Pagador G E (2004) Partial replacement of fish

meal by defatted soybean meal in formulated diets for the

mangrove red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal

1775) Aquaculture Research 35 299 - 306

Catacutan M R Pagador G E and Teshima S (2001) Effect of

dietary protein and lipid level and protein to energy ratio on

growth survival and body composition of the mangrove red

snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal 1775)

Aquaculture Research 32 811 ndash 818

Ceccaldi H J (1997) Anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

In Dabramo L R Conklin D E Akiyama D M (Eds)

Crustacean Nutrition The World Aquaculture Society Lousiana

US pp 261 ndash 291

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 9: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

107

Chadhokar P A and Kantharaju H R (1980) Effect of Gliricidia

maculata on Growth and breeding on Bannur ewes Tropical

Grasslands 14 78 - 81

Chadhokar P A and Lecamwasam A (1982) Effect of feeding

Gliricidia maculata to milking cow A preliminary report

Tropical Grasslands 16(1) 46 - 48

Chakrabarti I Gani M D A Chaki K K Sur R and Misra K K

(1995) Digestive enzimes in 11 freshwater teleost fish species in

relation to food habit and nich segregation Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 112 167 - 177

Cheng Z J and Hardy R W (2002) Apparent digestibility coefficients

and nutritional value of cottonseed meal for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 212 361 ndash 372

Chesley L C (1934) The concentrations of proteases amylase and

lipase in certain marine fishes Biological Bulletin 66 133 ndash 144

Cho C Y Bayley H S and Slinger S J (1974) Partial replacement of

herring meal with soybean meal and other changes in diets for

rain- bow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Journal of Fishery Research

Board Canada 31 1525 - 1528

Cho C Y (1987) La energiacutea en la nutricioacuten de los peces In Espinosa

de los Monteros J Labarta U (Eds) Nutricioacuten en Acuicultura

vol II CAICYT Madrid pp 197 ndash 244

Cho S H Lee S M and Lee J H (2005) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth and body composition of juvenile turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus L) reared under optimum salinity and

temperature conditions Aquaculture Nutrition 11 235 ndash 240

Cho S H Lee S M Park B H Ji S C Li J Bae J and Oh S Y

(2007) Effect of dietary inclusion of various sources of green tea

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 10: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

108

on growth body composition and blood chemistry of the juvenile

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 33 49 ndash 57

Chou R L Her B Y Su M S Hwang G Wu Y H and Chen H

Y (2004) Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets of

juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum Aquaculture 229 325 -

333

Chowdhury M A K Yi Y Lin C K and El ndash Haroun E R (2006)

Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus L in recirculating systems Aquaculture

Research 37 1627 - 1635

Collins A L and Anderson T A (1995) The regulation of endogenous

energy stores during starvation and refeeding in the somatic

tissues of the golden perch Macquaria ambigua (Percichthyidae)

Richardson Journal of Fish Biology 47 1004 ndash 1015

Coyle S D Mengel G J Tidwell J H and Webster C D (2004)

Evaluation of growth feed utilization and economics of hybrid

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fed diets

containing different protein sources in combination with distillers

dried grains with solubles Aquaculture Research 25 365 ndash 370

Craig S R (2004) Organic agricultural feed Aqua Feeds Formulation

and Beyond 1 11 - 13

Dabrowski K R (1977) Protein requirements of grass carp fry

(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Aquaculture 12 63 - 73

Dabrowski K and Kozlowska H (1981) Rapeseed meal in the diet of

common carp in heated waters 1 Growth of fish and utilization

of diet In K Tiews (Ed) Proceedings of World Symposium on

Aquaculture System Heinemann Berlin 2 263 ndash 274

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 11: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

109

Dabrowski K and Glogowski J (1977) Studies on the role of

exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish

Hydrobiologia 54 129 - 134

Dada A A and Ikuerowo M (2009) Effects of ethanolic extracts of

Garcinia kola seeds on growth and haematology of catfish

(Clarias gariepinus) broodstock African Journal of Agricultural

Research Vol 4 (4) 344 ndash 347

Dada S A (2002) The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) by West African dwarf (Wad) growing goats African

Journal of Biomedical Research 4 147 ndash 149

Das K M and Tripathi S D (1991) Studies on the digestive enzymes

of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) Aquaculture 92 21

ndash 32

Das S K Manissery J K and Varghese T J (1994) Growth

response of Indian major carps Catla catla and Labeo rohita to

formulated diets containing leaf powders as protein source

Fishery Technology 31(2) 102 - 107

Davies S J (1998) Towards the development of commercial aquafeeds

with reduced dependency on marine protein resources A

nutritionistrsquos perspective Technological and nutritional aspects of

safe feed production Victam 98 13ndash14 May 1998 Utrech The

Netherlands p 16

Davies S J McConnell S and Bateson R I (1990) Potential of

rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets

for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters) Aquaculture 87

145 ndash 154

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 12: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

110

Davis A T and Stickney R R (1978) Growth responses of Tilapia

aurea to dietary protein quality and quantity Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society 107 479 - 483

Davis D A Jirsa D and Arnold C R (1995) Evaluation of soybean

proteins as replacement for menhaden fish meal in practical diets

for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus Journal of theWorld

Aquaculture Society 26 48 - 58

De Almeida L C Lundstedt L M and Moraes G (2006) Digestive

enzyme responses of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fed on

different levels of protein and lipid Aquaculture Nutrition 12

(6) 443 ndash 450

De Long D C Halver J E and Mertz E T (1958) Nutrition of

salmonid fishes VI Protein requirements of Chinook salmon at

two water temperatures Journal of Nutrition 65 589 - 596

De Silva S S and Anderson T A (1995) Fish Nutrition in

Aquaculture Chapman and Hall Aquaculture London UK 319

pp

De Silva S S Gunasekera R M and Atapattu D (1989) The dietary

protein requirements of young tilapia and an evaluation of the

least cost dietary protein levels Aquaculture 80 271 ndash 284

De Silva S S (1985) Performance of Oreochromis niloticus (L) fry

maintained on mixed feeding schedules of differing protein

content Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 16 331 - 340

De Silva S S and Gunasekara R M (1989) Effect of the dietary

protein level and amount of plant ingredients Phaseolus aurens

incorporated into diets on composition growth performance and

carcass composition in Oreochromis niloticus fry Aquaculture 30

121 ndash 133

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 13: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

111

De Silva S S Shim K F and Ong A K (1990) An evaluation of the

method used in digestibility estimations of a dietary ingredient

and comparisons on external and internal markers and time of

faeces collection in digestibility studies in the fish Oreochromis

aureus (Steindachner) Reproduction Nutrition Development 30

215 ndash 226

De Zwaan A and Zandee D I (1972) Body distribution and seasonal

changes in the glycogen content of the common mussel Mytilus

edulis Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 43 A 53 - 58

Debnath D Pal A K Sahu N P Yengkokpam S Baruah K

Choudhury D and Venkateshwarlu G (2007) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profiles of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed

diets with different crude protein levels Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 146 B 107 - 114

Deepak K and Garg S K (2003) Effect of different dietary protein

levels on growth performance and digestibility in the catfish

Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) when processed soybean is used as

the protein source Journal of Nature Conservation 15128 ndash 133

Degani G and Yehuda Y (1999) Digestibility of protein sources in feed

for Oreochromis aureus times Oreochromis niloticus Indian Journal

of Fisheries 46 33 - 39

Degani G Ben-Zvi Y and Levanon D (1989) The effect of different

protein levels and temperature on feed utilisation growth and

body composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822)

Aquaculture 76 293 - 301

Deguara S Jauncey K and Agius C (2003) Enzyme activities and pH

variations in the digestive tract of gilthead sea bream Journal of

Fish Biology 62 1033 ndash 1043

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 14: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

112

Divakaran S Kim B G and Ostrowski A C (1999) Digestive

enzymes present in Pacific threadfin Polydactylus sexfilis (Block

an Schneider 1801) and bluefin trevally Caranx melampygus

(Cuvier 1833) Aquaculture Research 30 781 ndash 787

Domiacutenguer P L Molinet Y and Ly J (1996) Ileal and in vitro

digestibility in the pig of three float aquatic macrophytes

Livestock Research for Rural Development 8 (4) http

wwwfaoorgagagapfrgFEEDbackIrrd84ly841htm

Duumlgenci S K Arda N and Candan A (2003) Some medicinal plants

as immunostimulant for fish Journal of Ethnopharmacology 88

(1) 99 -106

Edwards P Kamal M and Wee K L (1985) Incorporation of

composted and dried water hyacinth in pelleted feed for the

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Peters) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 1 233 ndash 248

Ekpo I and Bender J (1989) Digestibility of a commercial fish feed

wet algae and dried algae by Tilapia nilotica and silver carp The

Progressive Fish-Culturist 51 83 - 86

El ndash Sayed A F M (1994) Evaluation of soybean meal spirulina meal

and chicken offal meal as protein sources for Silver sea bream

(Rhabdosargus sarba) fingerlings Aquaculture 127 169 - 176

Elangovan A and Shim K F (2000) The influence of replacing fish

meal partially in the diet with soybean meal on growth and body

composition of juvenile tin foil barb (Barbodes altus)

Aquaculture 189 133 - 144

El-Saidy D M S (1999) Evaluation of cottonseed meal as partial

andcomplete replacement of fishmeal in practical diets of Nile

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 15: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

113

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Egyptian Journal of

Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 3 441 - 457

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (1997) Total replacement of fish

meal by soybean meal with various percentages of supplemental

L-methionine in diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry

Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 35 1223 - 1238

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2001) Linseed meal - its

successful use as a partial and complete replacement for fish meal

in practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus In

Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Animal

Production and Health in Semi-Arid Areas (Faculty of

Environmental Agriculture Sciences Suez Canal University El-

Arish-North Sinai Egypt pp 635 - 643

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002a) Evaluation of dehulled

sunflower meal as a partial and complete replacement for fish

meal in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets In

Proceedings of the First Annual Scientific Conference on Animal

and Fish Production (Faculty of Agriculture Al-Mansoura

University Egypt pp193 - 205

El-Saidy D M S and Gaber M M A (2002b) Complete replacement

of fish meal by soybean meal with dietary L-lysine supplement for

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings Journal of

theWorld Aquaculture Society 33 297 - 306

El-Saidy D M S D and Gaber M M A (2003) Replacement of fish

meal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile

Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) diets Aquaculture

Research 34 1119 - 1127

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 16: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

114

El-Sayed A F M (1990) Long-term evaluation of cottonseed meal as a

protein source for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

Aquaculture 84 315 - 320

El-Sayed A F M (1999) Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed

tilapia Oreochromis spp Aquaculture 179 149 - 168

El-Sayed A F M (1992) Effect of substituting fish meal with Azolla

pinnata in practical diets for fingerling and adult Nile tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture and Fisheries

Management 23 167 ndash 173

El-Sayed A F M (2003) Effects of fermentation methods on the

nutritive value of water hyacinth for Nile tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (L) fingerlings Aquaculture 218 471 ndash 478

Emre Y Sevgili H and Sanl M (2008) A preliminary study on the

utilization of hazelnut meal as a substitute for fish meal in diets

of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) Aquaculture

Research 39 324 ndash 328

Eusebio P S and Coloso R M (1998) Evaluation of leguminous seed

meals and leaf meals as plant protein sources in the diets of

juvenile Penaeus indicus Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 50 47 - 54

Fafioye O O Fagade S O Adebisi A A Oni j and Omoyinmi G A

K (2005) Effects of Dietary Soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merr) on

Growth and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clarias

gariepinus Burchell) Fingerlings Turkish Journal of Ffisheries

and Aquatic Sciences 5 11 - 15

Fagbenro O A and Davies S J (2001) Use of soybean flour (dehulled

solvent-extracted soybean) as a fish meal substitute in practical

diets for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 17: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

115

growth feed utilization and digestibility Journal of Applied

Ichthyology 17 64 ndash 69

Fagbenro O A (1999) Comparative evaluation of heatprocessed

winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) meals as partial

replacement for fish meal in diets for the African catfish (Clarias

gariepinus) Aquaculture 170 297 - 305

Fagbenro O A (1998) Apparent digestibility of various legume seed

meals in Nile tilapia diets Aquaculture International 6 83 ndash 87

Fagbenro O Adhdirh C O Ayotunde E O and Famini E O (2000)

Haematological profile food composition and digestive

enzymeassay in the gut of the African bony-tongue fish Heterotis

(Clupisudis) niloticus (Cuvier 1829) (Osteoglossidae) Tropical

Zoology 13 1 ndash 9

Falge R Schpanol L and Jurss K (1978) Amylase esterase and

protease activity in the intestine content of rainbow trout Salmon

gairdneri (Rich) after feeding with feed containing different

amounts of starch and protein Journal of Ichthyology 18 283 -

287

FAO (1997) Review of the state of the world Aquaculture 1997 FAO

Fisheries Circular No 886 Rev I FAO Rome 163 pp

FAO (2003) Fisheries statistics httpwwwfaoorg Accessed 13th Jan

2006

FAO (2006) Oilseeds Oils and oil Meals Food Outlook No2

December 2006 Global Market Analysis FAO Corporate

Document Repository 7pp

FAO (2007) The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006 FAO

Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy 162pp

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 18: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

116

Fasakin E A Balogun A M and Fasuru B E (1999) Use of

duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza L Schleiden as a protein

feedstuff in practical diets for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture Research 30 313 - 318

Fasakin E A Serwata R D and Davies S J (2005) Comparative

utilization of rendered animal derived products with or without

composite mixture of soybean meal in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis

niloticus times Oreochromis mossambicus) diets Aquaculture 249

329 - 338

Figueiredo-Garutti M L Navarro I Souza R H S Moraes G

Giterrez J and Vicentine-Paulino M L M (2002) Metabolic

changes in Brycon cephalus (Teleostei Characidae) during post-

feeding and fasting Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

132 A 467 ndash 476

Fine M and Azilberg D (1996) The effect of dietary protein level

water temperature and growth hormone administration on

growth and metabolism in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 14 A 35 ndash 42

Fiogbe E D Micha J C and Van Hove C (2004) Use of a natural

aquatic fern Azolla microphylla as a main component in food for

the omnivorousndashphytoplanktonophagous tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus L Journal of Applied Ichthyology 20 517 ndash 520

Fish G R (1960) Comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in

the alimentary canal of tilapia and perchs Hydrobiologia 15 161

ndash 178

Fontainhas-Fernandes A Gomes E Reis-Henriques M A and

Coimbra J (1999) Replacement of fish meal by plant proteins in

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 19: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

117

the diet of Nile tilapia digestibility and growth performance

Aquaculture International 7 57 ndash 67

Fontaiacutenhas-Fernandes A Figueiredo-Fernandez A Gomes E F

Reis-Henriques M A and Coimbra M A (1997) Replacement of

fish meal by plant proteins in the diet of tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus digestibility and growth performance Third

international symposium on research for aquaculture

fundamental and applied aspects 24ndash27 August 1997 Barcelona

Spain p 187

Foster A R Houlihan D F and Hall S J (1993) Effects of

nutritional regime on correlates of growth rate in juvenile

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Comparison of morphological and

biochemical measurements Canadian Journal of Fisheries and

Aquatic Sciences 50 502 ndash 512

Fountoulaki E Alexis M N Nengas I and Venou B (2005) Effect of

diet composition on nutrient digestibility and digestive enzymes

levels of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L) Aquaculture

Research 36 1243 ndash 1251

Fournier V Huelvan C and Desbruyeres E (2004) Incorporation of a

mixture of plant feedstuffs as substitute for fish meal in diets of

juvenile turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture 236 451 - 465

Fowler L G (1980) Substitution of soy bean and cottonseed products

for fish meal in diets fed to chinook and coho salmon Progressive

Fish Culturist 42 87 - 91

Francesco M Parisi G Meodale F Lupi P Kaushik S J and Poli

B M (2004) Effect of long-term feeding with a plant protein

mixture based diet on growth and bodyfillet quality traits of

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 20: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

118

large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 236

413 - 429

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2001) Antinutritional

factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients

and their effects in fish Aquaculture 199 197 ndash 227

Francis G Makkar H P S and Becker K (2005) Quillaja saponins -

a natural growth promoter for fish Animal Feed Science and

Technology Vol 121 Issues 1 - 2 147 ndash 157

Fredson J and Chikafumbwa K (1996) The use of napier grass

(Pennisetum purpureum) and maize (Zea mays) bran as low-cost

tilapia aquaculture inputs Aquaculture 146 (1 - 4) 101 ndash 107

Furne M Hidalgo M C Lopez A Garcia-Gallego M Morales A E

Domezain A Domezaine J and Sanz A (2005) Digestive

enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss A comparative study

Aquaculture 250 391 ndash 398

Gangadhara B Nandeesha M C Varghese T J and Keshavanthan

P (1997) Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth

of rohu Labeo rohita Asian Fisheries Science 10 139ndash147

Gardun-Lugo M and Olvera-Novoa M A (2008) Potential of the use of

peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaf meal as a partial replacement for

fish meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture Research 39 1299 ndash 1306

Garg S K Kalla A and Bhatnagar A (2002) Evaluation of raw and

hydrothermically processed leguminous seeds as supplementary

feed for the growth of two Indian major carp species Aquaculture

Research 33 151 ndash 163

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 21: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

119

Ghatnekar S D Auti D G and Kamat V S (1983) Feeding

Leuceana to Mozambique tilapia and Indian major carps In

Leuceana Research in the Asia-Pacific Region Proceedings of a

workshop held in Singapore 23-26 November 1982 IDRC

Ottawa Canada pp 61 - 63

Glencross B D Booth M and Allan G L (2007) A feed is only as

good as its ingredients - a review of ingredient evaluation

strategies for aquaculture feeds Aquaculture Nutrition 13 17 -

34

Goda A M El-Haroun E R and Chowdhury M A K (2007) Effect of

totally or partially replacing of fish meal byalternative protein

sources on growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell

1822) reared in concrete tanks Aquaculture Research 38 279 -

287

Goldburg R L Elliott M S and Naylor R L (2002) Marine

Aquaculture in the United States Report to the Pew Oceans

Commission

httpwwwenvdukeedusolutionsdocumentspewreportpdf

44pp

Gomes E F Rema P and Kaushik S J (1995) Replacement of fish

meal by plant proteins in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) digestibility and growth performance Aquaculture 130

177 ndash 186

Gomes E F Corraze G and Kaushik S J (1993) Effects of dietary

incorporation of a coextruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas)

on growth nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition

of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture 113 339 ndash

353

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 22: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

120

Gomes E and Kaushik S J (1992) Effect of the replacement of dietary

inorganic zinc by zincmethionine on vegetable and animal

protein utilization by rainbow trout In Fish Nutrition in Practice

(eds S J Kaushik and P Luquet) Biarritz France 24ndash27 June

1991 INRA editions Les Colloques pp 897ndash902

Gouveia A and Davies S J (2000) Inclusion of an extruded dehulled

pea seed meal in diets for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 182 183 ndash 193

Gouveia A and Davies S J (1998) Preliminary nutritional evaluation

of pea seed meal (Pisum sativum) for juvenile European sea bass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 166 311 ndash 320

Gouveia A Oliva Teles A Gomes E and Rema P (1993) Effect of

cookingexpansion of three legume seeds on growth and food

utilization by rainbow trout In Kaushik SJ Luquet P (Eds)

Fish Nutrition in Practice INRA Paris pp 933 ndash 938

Grigorakis K Alexis M N Taylor K D A and Hole M (2002)

Comparison of wild and cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus

aurata) composition appearance and seasonal variations

International Journal of Food Science Technology 37 477 - 484

Guillaume J Kaushik S Bergot P and Metailler R (1999)

Nutrition and Alimentation of Fishes and Crustaceans INRA

Editions Ifremer pp 489

Gunasekera R M De Silva S S Collins R A Gooley G and

Ingram B A (2000) Effect of dietary protein level on growth and

food utilization in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii

(Mitchell) Aquaculture Research 31 181 ndash 187

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 23: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

121

Haard N F (1992) Control of chemical composition and food quality

attributes of cultured fish Food Research International 25 289 -

307

Hajra A and Tripathi S D (1985) Nutritive value of aquatic weed

Spirodela polyrhiza (Linn) in grass carp Indian Journal Animal

Sciences 55 702 - 705

Hanley F (1987) The digestibility of feedstuffs and the effects of

feeding selectivity on digestibility determination of tilapia

Oreochromis niloticus (L) Aquaculture 66 163 ndash 179

Hansen A C Rosenlund G Karlsen O Rimbach M and Hemre G

I (2007) Dietary plant-protein utilisation in Atlantic cod Gadus

morhua Aquaculture Nutrition 13 200 ndash 215

Hao N and Ledin I (2001) Performance of growing goats fed

Gliricidia maculata Small Ruminant Research 39 (2) 113 ndash

119

Hardy R W (1996) Alternative protein source for salmon and trout

diets Animal Feed Science and Technology 59 71 - 80

Harish Kumar M Gajaria S C and Radha K S (2004) Growth and

development of catla (Catla catla) fed with different levels of diet

containing Spirogyra sp Bioresource Technology 95 73 ndash 76

Hasan M R Macintosh D J and Jauncey K (1997) Evaluation of

some plant ingredients as dietary protein sources for common

carp Cyprinus carpio (L) fry Aquaculture 151 55 - 70

Hasan M R Azad A K Omar F A M Akand A M and Das P M

(1991) Evaluation of some oilseed cakes as dietary protein

sources for the fry of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia Spec Publ 5 (ed by SS De

Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines pp107 - 117

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 24: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

122

Hasan M R Haq M S Das P M and Mowlah G (1997) Evaluation

of poultry-feather meal as a dietary protein source for Indian

major carp Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture 151 47 ndash 54

Hassan M R Roy P K and Akand A M (1994) Evaluation of

Leucaena leaf meal as a protein source for Indian major carp

Labeo rohita fingerlings In De Silva S S (Ed) Fish Nutrition

Research in Asia Proceeding of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition

Workshop Asian Fish Soc Spec Publ 9 Asian Fisheries Soc

Manila Philippines pp 69 - 76

Hatlen B Grisdale-Helland B and Helland S J (2005) Growth feed

utilization and body composition in two size groups of Atlantic

halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) fed diets differing in protein

and carbohydrate content Aquaculture 249 401 - 408

Hayase K and Tappel A L (1970) Specificity and other properties of

lysosomal lipase of rat liver Journal of Biological Chemistry 245

169 - 175

Hegde D M (2006) Oilseeds finding newer niches imperative In The

Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture MS Kasturi and Sons Ltd

Chennai India pp 65ndash69

Helfrich L (1997) Freshwater fish farming in Virginia selecting the

right fish to raise Virginia Coop Extn Publ No 420 - 010

Hemre G I Lie Oslash and Sundby A (1993) Dietary carbohydrate

utilization in cod (Gadus morhua) metabolic responses to feeding

and fasting Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 10 455 ndash 463

Henken A M Kleingeld D W and Tijssen P A T (1985) The effect

of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter

crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Aquaculture 51 1 ndash 11

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 25: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

123

Hidalgo M C Urea E and Sanz A (1999) Comparative study of

digestive enzymes in fish with diferent nutritional habits

Proteolytic and amylase activities Aquaculture 170 267 - 283

Higgs D A McBride J R Markert J R Dosanjh B S Plotniko M

D and Clarke W C (1982) Evaluation of Tower and Candle

rapeseed (canola) meal and Bronowski rapeseed protein

concentrate as protein supplements in practical dry diets for

juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Aquaculture 29 1 - 31

Higgs D A Fegerlund U H M McBride J R Plotnikoff M D

Dosamijh B S Jakson A J Capper B J S and Matty A J

(1983) Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for

tilapia (Sarotherodon massambicus) Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Hilton J W Atkinson J L and Slinger S J (1982) Maximum

tolerable level digestion and metabolism of D-glucose (cerelose)

in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) reared on a practical trout

diet Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39

1229 ndash 1234

Hofer R and Koumlck G (1989) Method for quantitative determination of

digestive enzymes in fish larvae Polish Archives of Hydrobiology

36 439 ndash 441

Hofer R and Schiemer F (1982) Proteolytic activity in the digestive

tract of several species of fish with different feeding habits

Oecologia 48 342 ndash 345

Hofer R Via D Troppmair J and Giussani G (1982) Differences in

digestive enzymes between cyprinid and non-cyprinid fish

Memorie dellIstituto Italiano di Idrobiologia 40 201 ndash 208

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 26: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

124

Hoffman L C Prinsloo J F and Rukan G (1997) Partial

replacement of fish meal with either soybean meal brewer yeast

or tomato meal in the diets of African sharptooth catfish Clarias

gariepinus Water SA 23 181 - 186

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1989) Nutritional evaluation of some

Bangladeshi oil seed meals as partial substitutes for fish meal in

the diets of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L) Aquaculture

Fisheries Management 20 255 - 268

Hossain M A Nahar N and Kamal M (1997) Nutrient digestibility

coefficients of some plant and animal protein for rohu Labeo

rohita Aquaculture 151 37 - 45

Hossain M A and Jauncey K (1990) Detoxification of mustard oilcake

(Brassica juncea) and evaluation of its nutritive value in the diet

of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) Journal of Aquaculture in

the Tropics 5 9 - 17

Hossain M A Focken U and Becker K (2001) Effect of soaking and

soaking followed by autoclaving of Sesbania seeds on growth and

feed utilisation in common carp Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture

203 133 ndash 148

Hossain M A Ali M Z Rahman M M and Kader M A (2006)

Evaluation of mixed-feeding schedules with varying dietary

protein content on the growth performance and reduction of cost of

production for sutchi catfish Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage)

with silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes)

Journal of Applied Aquaculture 18(1) 63 - 78

Huang Y W Eitenmiller R R D Lillard A and Koehler P E

(1991) Storage quality of iced channel catfish fed different

protein levels Journal of Food Quality 14 345 - 354

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 27: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

125

Hung S S O Fynn-Aikins K Lutes P B and Xu R (1989) Ability

of juvenilewhite sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize

different carbohydrate sources Journal of Nutrition 119 727 -

733

Ibeas C Izquierdo M S and Lorenzo A (1994) Effect of different

levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty

acids composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

Aquaculture 127 177 ndash 188

Ige A O Odunsi A A Akinlade J A and Ojedapo L O (2006)

Gliricidia leafmeal in layerrsquos diet Effect on performance nutrient

digestibility and economy of production Journal of Animal and

Veterinary Advances 5 (6) 483 ndash 486

Ilda G Borlongan P Eusebio S and Welsh T (2003) Potential of

feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical

diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) Aquaculture 225 89

ndash 98

Immanuel G Iyapparaj U Citarasu T Punitha P Michael B

and Palavesam A (2009) Dietary medicinal plant extracts

improve growth immune activity and survival of tilapia

Oreochromis mossambicus Journal of Fish Biology 74 (7) 1462 ndash

1475

Immanuel G Vincybai V C Sivaram V Palavesam A and Marian

M P (2004) Effect of butanolic extracts from terrestrial herbs

and seaweeds on the survival growth and pathogen (Vibrio

parahaemolyticus) load on shrimp Penaeus indicus juveniles

Aquaculture 236 53 ndash 65

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 28: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

126

Ishaya I Moor I and Joseph D (1971) Protease and amylase activity

in the larvae of Egyptian cotton worm Spodoptera littoralis

Journal of Insect Physiology 17 945 - 953

Islam M S and Tanaka M (2004) Optimization of dietary protein

requirement for pond-reared mahseer Tor pittitora Hamilton

(Cypriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 35 1270 ndash

1276

Jacinto E Facchinetti V Liu D Soto N Wei S Jung S Huang

Q Qin J and Su B (2005) Maintains rictor-mTOR complex

integrity and regulates Akt phosphorylation and substrate

specificity Cell 7125 ndash 137

Jackson A J Capper B S and Matty A J (1982) Evaluation of some

plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon

mossambicus Aquaculture 27 97 - 109

Jafri A K and Anwar M F (1995) Protein digestibility of some-

lowcost feed stuffs in fingerlings Indian major carps Asian

Fisheries Science 8 47 ndash 53

comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and

slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch Sander

lucioperca (L) European Food Research and Technology 217

401 - 405

Jany K D (1976) Studies on the digestive enzymes of the stomachless

bonefish Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) endopeptidases

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 53 31 ndash 38

Ji S C Jeong G S Im G S Lee S W Yoo J H and Takii K

(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 29: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

127

fatty acid utilization and stress recovery of Japanese flounder

Fisheries Science 73 70 ndash 76

Jianbo L U Zhihui F U and Yin Z Z (2008) Performance of a water

hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) system in the treatment of

wastewater from a duck farm and the effects of using water

hyacinth as duck feed Journal of Environmental Sciences 20 (5)

513 ndash 519

Jonas E Ragyanski M Olah J and Boross L (1983) Proteolytic

digestive enzymes of carnivorous (Silurus glanis L) herbivorous

(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val) and omnivorous (Cyprinus

carpio L) fishes Aquaculture 30 145 ndash 154

Jose S Mohan M V Shyama S Ramachnadran Nair K G and

Mathew P T (2006) Effect of soybean meal based diets on the

growthand survival rate of the Indian major carp Cirrhinus

mrigala (Ham) Aquaculture and Nutrition 12 275 - 279

Juma H K Abdulrazak S A Muinga R W and Ambula M K

(2006) Evaluation of Clitoria Gliricidia and Mucuna as nitrogen

supplements to Napier grass basal diet in relation to the

performance of lactating Jersey cows

Livestock Science 103 (1 - 2) 23 ndash 29

Jung S H Lee J S Han H K Jun C Y and Lee H Y (2002)

Effects of medicinal herbs extract on non-specific immune

responses hematology and disease resistance on olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus by oral administration Jornal of Fish

Pathology 15 25 ndash 35

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2008)

Supplementation of four non-conventional aquatic weeds to the

basal diet of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings Effect

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 30: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

128

on growth protein utilization and body composition of fish Acta

Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 38 (1) 21 ndash 27

Kalita P Mukhopadhyay P K and Mukherjee A K (2007)

Evaluation of the nutritional quality of four unexplored aquatic

weeds from North East India for the formulation of cost-effective

fish feeds Food Chemistry 103 204 ndash 209

Kalla A Bhatnagar A and Garg S K (2004) Further studies on

protein requirements of growing Indian major carps under field

conditions Asian Fisheries Science 17 191 ndash 200

Kaushik S J (1990) Use of alternative protein sources for the

intensive rearing of carnivorous fishes In Mediterranean

Aquaculture (ed by R T L Flos and P Torres) Ellis Horwood

UK pp125 - 138

Kaushik S J Coves D Dutto G and Blanc D (2004) Almost total

replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a

marine teleost the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture 230 391 - 404

Kaushik S J Cravedi J P Lalles J P Sumpter J Fauconneau B

and Laroche M (1995) Partial or total replacement of fish meal

by soybean protein on growth protein utilization potential

estrogenic or antigenic effects cholesterolemia and flesh quality

in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquaculture 133 257 ndash

274

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1973) Studies in digestive enzymes of fishes

III Development of the digestive enzymes of rainbow trout after

hatching and the effect of dietary change on the activities of

digestive enzymes in the juvenile stage Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 38 265 ndash 270

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 31: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

129

Kawai S and Ikeda S (1972) Studies on digestive enzymes of fish II

Effect of dietary change on the activity of digestive enzymes in

carp intestine Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

38 265 ndash 270

Khan M A Jafri A K Chadha N K and Usmani N (2003) Growth

and body composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) fed diets containing

oilseed meals partial or total replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal Aquaculture Nutrition 9 391 - 396

Khan M A and Jafri A K (1994) Replacement of fish meal with

soybean meal in diets formulated for fingerling carp Labeo rohita

Hamilton Proceedings of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum (Chou

LM Munro AD Lam TJ Chen TW Cheong LKK Ding

JK Hooi KK Khoo HW Phang VPE Shim KF and Tan

CH eds) pp 663 ndash 666 Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines

Khan M A Jafri A K Anwar M F Hassan M A and Erfanullah

(1991) Nutritional efficacy of oilcakes in diets compounded for

fingerlings of Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Ham) In

Proceedings of National Symposium on New Horizons in

Freshwater Aquaculture pp 73 ndash 77 Association of

Aquaculturists and Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture

Kausalyagang Bhubaneswar India

Khan M A Jafri A K and Chadha N K (2004) Growth and body

composition of rohu (L rohita) fed compound diet winter feeding

and rearing to marketable size Journal of Applied Ichthyology

20 265 ndash 270

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 32: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

130

Khan M S Ang K J Ambak M A and Saad C R (1993) Optimum

dietary protein requirement of a Malaysian catfish Mystus

nemurus Aquaculture 112 227 ndash 235

Kikuchi K (2007) Partial Replacement of Fish Meal with Corn Gluten

Meal in Diets for Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 357 ndash 363

Kim J H Moon Y B Jeong C H and Kim D S (2000) Utilization

of dietary herb Obosan III Growth of juvenile olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 13 231 ndash 238

Kim D S Kim J H Jeong C H Lee Y S Lee S and Moon Y B

(1998) Utilization of Obosan (dietary herbs) I Effects on

survival growth feed conversion ratio and condition factor in

olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Aquaculture 11

213 ndash 221

Kim K Bai S C Koo J Wang X and Kim S (2002) Effects of

dietary Chlorella ellipsoidea supplementation on growth blood

characteristic and whole-body composition in juvenile olive

flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of World Aquaculture

Society 33 425 ndash 431

Kim L O and Lee S M (2005) Effects of dietary protein and lipid

levels on growth and body composition of bagrid catfish

Pseudobagrus fulvidraco Aquaculture 243 323 ndash 329

Kim J D and Lall S P (2001) Effects of dietary protein level on

growth and utilization of protein and energy by juvenile haddock

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Aquaculture 195 311 ndash 319

Kim K W Wang X J and Bai S C (2002) Optimum dietary protein

level for maximum growth of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 33: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

131

olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) Aquaculture Research 33 673

ndash 679

Kim J D and Kaushik S J (1992) Contribution of digestible energy

from carbohydrates and estimation of proteinenergy

requirements for growth of rainbow trout Aquaculture 106 161

ndash 169

Kissil G W Lupatsch I Higgs D A and Hardy R (2000) Dietary

substitution of soy and rapeseed protein concentrates for fish

meal and their effects on growth and nutrient utilization on

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L Aquaculture Research 31

593 ndash 601

Kitamikado M and Tachino S (1960) Studies on the digestive

enzymes of rainbow trout II Proteases Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 26 685 ndash 690

Kohla U Saint-Paul U Friebe J Wernicke D Hilge V Braum E

and Gropp J (1992) Growth digestive enzyme activities and

hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colossoma macropomum

Cuvier from South America during feeding starvation and

refeeding Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 23 189 - 208

Kolkovski S (2001) Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles -

implications and applications to formulated diets Aquaculture

200 181 - 200

Konyeme J E Sogbesan A O and Ugwumba A A A (2006)

Nutritive value and utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia

crassipes) meal as plant protein supplement in the diet of Clarias

gariepinus (Burchell 1822) (Pisces Clariidae) fingerlings African

Scientist 7(3) 127 ndash 133

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 34: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

132

Koo J Bai S C Kim K and Kim S (2001) Optimum dietary level of

Chlorella powder as a feed additive for growth performance of

juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Journal of Applied

Aquaculture 11 348 ndash 359

Krogdahl A (1989) Alternative protein sources from plants containing

anti-nutrients affecting digestion in salmonids In Takeda M

Watanabe T (eds) Proceedings of the Third International

Symposium in Feeding and Nutrition in Fish Tokyo University of

Fisheries Tokyo pp 253ndash261

Krogdahl A Nordrum S Soslashrensen M Brudeseth L and Roslashsjoslash C

(1999) Effects of diet composition on apparent nutrient

absorption along the intestinal tract and of subsequent fasting on

mucosal disaccharidase activities and plasma nutrient

concentration in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture

Nutrition 5 121 ndash 133

Krogdahl A Hemre G I and Mommsen T P (2005) Carbohydrates

in fish nutrition digestion and absorption in postlarval stages

Aquaculture Nutrition 11 103 ndash 122

Kumar S Sahu N P Pal A K Choudhury D and Mukherjee S C

(2006) Non-gelatinized corn supplemented with a-amylase at

sub-optimum protein level enhances the growth of Labeo rohita

(Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Research 37 284 ndash 292

Kumar R Sharma B K and Sharma L L (2007) Impact of

Glycyrrhiza glabra (linn) as a growth promoter in the

supplementary feed of an Indian major carp Cirrhinus mrigala

(Ham) Indian Journal of Animal Research 41 (1) 15 ndash 19

Kunavongdate P Sakares W and Muangsakorn S (1995)

Experimental rearing on abalone Haliotis asinina Linneus with

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 35: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

133

three species of seaweed (Technical Paper no391995)

Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and

Cooperatives Thailand

Kuzrsquomina V V (1991) Evolutionary features of the digestive-transport

function in fish Plenun Publishing Corporation Translated from

Zhurnal Eacutevolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii Vol 27 (2) 167 -

175

Kuzrsquomina V V Golovanova I L and Izvekova G I (1996) Influence

of temperature and season on the some characteristics of

intestinal mucosa carbohydrases in six freshwater fishes

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 113B 255 - 260

Kvale A Nordgreen A Tonheim S K and Hamre K (2007) Problem

of meeting dietary protein requirements in intensive aquaculture

of marine fish larvae with emphasis on Atlantic halibut

(Hippoglossus hippoglossus L) Aquaculture Nutrition 13 170 ndash

175

Lall S P (1991) Concepts in the formulation and preparation of a

complete fish diet In Fish Nutrition Research in Asia

Proceedings of the Fourth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop [De

Silva S S (ed)] Asian Fisheries Society Manila Philippines

pp 1 - 12

Lanari D and DrsquoAgaro E (2005) Alternative plant protein sources in

sea bass diets Italian Journal of Animal Sciences Vol 4 365 ndash

374

Law A T (19860 Digestibility of low cost ingredients in pelleted feed

by grass carp Cetenopharyngodon idella Aquaculture 51 97 ndash

103

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 36: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

134

Le Moullac G and VanWormhoudt A (1994) Adaptation of digestive

enzymes to dietary protein carbohydrate and fibre levels and

influence of protein and carbohydrate quality in Penaeus

vannamei larvae (Crustacea Decapoda) Aquatic Living

Resources 7 203 ndash 210

Leary D F and Lovell R T (1975) Value of fiber in production type

diets for channel catfish Hyacinth Control Journal 9(1) 40 ndash 43

Lee S Park C S and Bang I C (2002) Dietary protein requirement

of young Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed isocaloric

diets Fisheries Science 68 158 ndash 164

Lee K J Dabrowsky K and Blom J H (2001) Replacement of fish

meal by a mixture of animal by-products in juvenile rainbow trout

diets North American Journal of Aquaculture 63109 ndash117

Li P Wang X Hardy R W and Gatlin D M (2004) Nutritional

value of fisheries by-catch and by-product meals in the diet of red

drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Aquaculture 236 485 - 496

Liang J K and Lovell R T (1971) Nutritional value of water hyacinth

in channel catfish feeds Hyacinth Control Journal 9 40 ndash 44

Liener I E (1980) Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs Academic

press NewYork USA 502pp

Lim C and Dominy W (1991) Utilization of plant proteins by warm

water fish In Proceedings of the Aquaculture Feed Processing

and Nutrition Workshop [Akiyama D M R K H Tan (eds)]

American Soybean Association Singapore pp163 - 172

Liu H B Zhang Y Yang Y H Lu T Y and Ye J D (2004) Effects

of five Chinese herb medicines as additive in feed on the growth

and intestinal microflora in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 19 16 ndash 20

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 37: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

135

Lopez-Lopez S Nolasco H Villarreal-Colmenares H and Civera-

Cerecedo R (2005) Digestive enzyme response to supplemental

ingredients in practical diets for juvenile freshwater crayfish

Cherax quadricarinatus Aquaculture Nutrition 11 79 ndash 85

Lowry O H Rosenbrough N J Farr A L and Randall R J (1951)

Protein measurement using the Folin phenol reagent Journal of

Biochemistry193 265 - 275

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2004) Digestive

enzymes and metabolic profile of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans

(Teleostei Siluriformes) in response to diet composition

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Lundstedt L M Bibiano Melo J F and Moraes G (2002) Induction

of digestive enzymes in the Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma

coruscans Comp Biochemistry and Physiology 137 B 331 ndash 339

Luo Z Liu Y J Mai K S Tian L Liu D and Tian X Y (2004)

Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus

coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Aquaculture Nutrition 10 247 ndash 252

Luo L Xue M Wu X Cai X Cao H and Liang Y (2006) Partial or

total replacement of fishmeal by solvent-extracted cottonseed

meal in diets for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture Nutrition 12 418 ndash 424

Maina R Beames P Mbugua G I and Kisia S (2002) Digestibility

and feeding value of some feed ingredients fed to tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture Research 33 853 - 862

Maitra S and Ray A K (2003) Inhibition of digestive enzymes in

rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings by tannin an in vitro

study Aquaculture Research 34 93 ndash 95

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 38: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

136

Mambrini M Roem A J Cravedi J P Lalles J P and Kaushik S

J (1999) Effects of replacing fish meal with soy protein

concentrate and of DL-methionine supplementation in high-

energy extruded diets on the growth and nutrient utilization of

rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Journal of Animal

Sciences 77 2990 - 2999

Manjappa K Keshavanath P and Gangadhara B (2002) Growth

performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio fed varying lipid

levels through low protein diet with a note on carcass

composition and digestive enzyme activity Acta Ichtyologica et

Piscatoria XXXII Fasc 2 146 ndash 155

Masumoto T Ruchimat T Ito Y Hosokawa H and Shimeno S

(1996) Amino acid availability values for several protein sources

for yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Aquaculture 146 109 -

119

Mathers E M Houlihan D F and Cunningham M J (1992) Nucleic

acid concentrations and enzyme activities as correlates of growth

rate of the saithe Pollachius virens Growth-rate estimates of

open-sea fish Marine Biology 112 363 ndash 369

Matty A J and Smith P (1978) Evaluation of yeast a bacterium and

algae as a protein source for rainbow trout I Effect of protein

level on growth gross conversion efficiency and protein

conversion efficiency Aquaculture 14 235 - 246

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El-Saidy D and Wisner

E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body composition of

tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fedwith cottonseed mealbased diets in a

recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7 189 - 200

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 39: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

137

Mbahinzireki G B Dabrowski K Lee K J El ndash Saidy D and

Wisner E R (2001) Growth feed utilization and body

composition of tilapia (Oreochromis sp) fed with cottonseed meal-

based diets in a recirculating system Aquaculture Nutrition 7

189 ndash 200

McGoogan B B and Gatlin D M III (1999) Dietary manipulations

affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) - I Effects of dietary protein and energy

levels Aquaculture 178 333 ndash 348

Mcgoogan B B and Gatlin D M (1997) Effects of replacing fish meal

with soybean meal in diets for red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and

potential for palatability enhancement Journal of the World

Aquaculture Society 28 374 - 385

Mendoza R De Dios A Vazquez C Cruz E Ricque D Aguilera C

and Montemayor J (2001) Fishmeal replacementwith feather

enzymatic hydrolyzates co-extruded with soyabean meal in

practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannamei) Aquaculture Nutrition 7 143 - 151

Middendorp A J and Huisman E A (1995) Pond farming of Nile

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L) in northern Cameroon

Comparing two different strategies for feeding cottonseed cake in

tilapia male monosex culture Aquaculture Research 26 731 -

738

Miles R D and Chapman F A (2006) The benefits of fish meal in

aquaculture diets httpedisifasufleduFA122

Mohanta K N Mohanty S N and Jena J K (2007) Protein-sparing

effect in silver barb Puntius gonionotus fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 311 - 317

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 40: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

138

Mohanty S N and Dash S P (1995) Evaluation of Azolla caroliniana

for inclusion in carp diet Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics

10 343 - 353

Mohanty S S and Samantray K (1996) Effect of varying levels of

dietary protein on the growth performance of Channa striatus fry

under different culture condition Journal of Aquaculture 4 37 -

46

Mohanty S N Das K M and Sarkar S (1995) Effect of feeding

varying dietary formulations on body composition of rohu fry

Journal of Aquaculture 3 23 ndash 28

Mohapatra M Sahu N P and Chaudhari A (2002) Utilization of

gelatinized carbohydrate in diets in Labeo rohita fry Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 1 ndash 8

Moon T W and Foster G D (1995) Tissue carbohydrate metabolism

glucogeogenesis and hormonal and environmental influences In

Metabolic Biochemistry (ed by P W Hochachka and T P

Mommsen) Elsevier Amsterdam Netherlands pp 65 - 100

Moraes G and Bidinotto P M (2000) Induced changes in the

amylohydrolytic profile of the gut of Piaractus mesopotamicus

(Holmberg 1885) fed different levels of soluble carbohydrate its

correlation with metabolic aspects Reviews in Icthyology 8 47 ndash

51

Morris P C (2001) The Effects of Nutrition on the Composition of

Farmed Fish in Farmed Fish Quality S C Kestin and P D

Warris (Eds) Fishing News Books London pp 161 - 179

Moyano F J Cardenete G and De la Higuera M (1992) Nutritive

value of diets containing high percentage of vegetable protein for

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Aquatic Living Resources 5 23 - 29

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 41: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

139

Muinga R W ThorpeW and Oslashrskov E R (1997) Supplementation

with Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala on voluntary

food intake digestibility rumen fermentation and live weight of

crossbred steers offered Zea mays stover Livestock Production

Science 49(1) 53 ndash 62

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1996) The potential of sal (Shorea

robusta) seed meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for Indian major

carp rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture

Nutrition 2 221 ndash 227

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999a) Utilization of copra meal in

the formulation of compound diets for rohu Labeo rohita

fingerlings Journal of Applied Ichthyology 15 127 ndash 131

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (1999b) Effect of fermentation on the

nutritive value of sesame seed meal in the diets for rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Aquaculture Nutrition 5 229 ndash

236

Mukhopadhyay N and Ray A K (2001) Effect of amino acid

supplementation on the nutritive quality of fermented linseed

meal protein in the diet for rohu L rohita fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 17 220 ndash 226

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996a) Digestive enzymes in

marine species I Proteinase activities in gut from redfish

(Sebastes mentella) seabream (Sparus aurata) and turbot

(Scophthalmus maximus) Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 113 B 395 ndash 402

Munilla-Moraacuten R and Saborido-Rey F (1996b) Digestive enzymes in

marine species II Amylase activities in gut from seabream

(Sparus aurata) turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and redfish

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 42: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

140

(Sebastes mentella) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

113 B 827 ndash 834

Murthy H S and Naik A T R (2000) Effect of dietary protein and

lipid levels on growth survival and food conversion of Indian

major carp (Catla catla) Bamidgeh 52 70 - 76

Mustafa M G Umino T and Nakagawa H (1994) The effects of

spirulina feeding on the muscle protein deposition in red sea

bream Pagrus major Journal of Applied Icthoyology 10 141 ndash

145

Muzinic L A Thompson K R Metts L S Dasgupta S and Webster

C D (2006) Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement

of fish meal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops

times Morone saxatilis) grown in tanks Aquaculture Nutrition 12 71

- 81

Nahar Z Azad Shah A K M Bhandari R K Ali M H and Dewan

S (2000) Effect of different feeds on growth survival and

production of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell)

Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries and Research 4 121 - 126

Nakagawa H Kashahara S and Ugiyama T (1987) Effect of ulva

meal supplementation on lipid metabolism of black seabream

(Acanthopagrus schlegeli Bleeker) Aquaculture 62 109 ndash 121

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(2000) Growth response and flesh quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of non-defatted silkworm

pupae Asian Fisheries Science 13 235 - 242

Nandeesha M C Gangadhara B and Manissery J K (2002) Further

studies on the use of mixed feeding schedules with plant and

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 43: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

141

animal based diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus)

Aquaculture Research 33 1157 - 1162

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1993) Evaluation

of mixed feeding schedules in two Indian major carps catla (Catla

catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) In Kaushik S J and Luquet P

(eds) Fish nutrition in practice INRA Editions Paris France pp

753 - 765

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S and Krishna M D (1995) Use of

mixed feeding schedules in fish culture performance of common

carp Cyprinus carpio L on plant and animal based diets

Aquaculture Research 26 161 - 166

Nandeesha M C De Silva S S Krishna M D and Dathatri K

(1994) Use of mixed feeding schedules in fish culture I Field

trials on catla Catla catla (Hamilton-Buchanan) rohu Labeo

rohita (Hamilton) and common carp Cyprinus carpio L

Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25 659 - 670

Nandeesha M C Gangadhar B Varghese T J and Keshavanath P

(1998) Effect of feeding spirulina platensis on the growth

proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp

Cyprinus carpio L Aquaculture Research 29 305 - 312

Nandesha M C Gangadhara B Manissery J K and Venkataraman

L V (2001) Growth performance of two Indian major carps catla

(Catla catla) and rohu (Labeo rohita) fed on diets containing

different levels of Spirulina platensis Bioresource Technology

80 117 ndash 120

National Research Council (NRC) (1983) Nutrient Requirements of

Warmwater Fishes and Shellfishes National Academy Press

Washington DC pp 1 ndash 102

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 44: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

142

National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutritional Requirements of

Fish National Academy Press Washington DC USA 114 pp

National Research Council (NRC) (1999) Sustaining Marine Fisheries

National Academy Press Washington DC USA 103 pp

Naylor R L Goldberg R J Primavera J H Kautsky N Beveridge

M C Clay J Folk C Lubchenco J Mooney H and Troell M

(2000) Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies Nature 405

1017 ndash 1024

Nematipour G R Brown M L and Gatlin D M (1992) Effects of

dietary carbohydrate lipid ratio on growth and body composition

of hybrid striped bass Journal of World Aquaculture Society 3

128 ndash 132

New M B and Wijkstrom U N (2002) Use of Fishmeal and Fishoil in

Aquafeeds Further Thoughts on the Fishmeal Trap FAO Fish

Circ No 975 FAO Rome Italy

Ng W K Soon S C and Hashim R (2001) The dietary protein

requirement of a bagrid catfish Mystus nemurus (Cuvier and

Valenciennes) determined using semipurified diets of varying

protein level Aquaculture Nutrition 7 45 ndash 51

Ng W K and Wee K L (1989) The nutritive value of cassava leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile Tilapia Aquaculture 83 45 - 58

Niamat R and Jafri A K (1984) Preliminary observations on the use

of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) leaf meal as protein

source in fish feed Current Science India 53 338 ndash 340

Nose T and Toyama K (1966) Protein digestibility of brown fish meal

in rainbow trout Bulletin of Freshwater Fish Research

Laboratory 15 213 ndash 224

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 45: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

143

Nour A M Omar E Akkada A R A and Guumlnther K D (1989)

Effect of heat treatment on the nutritive value of soybean seeds

as a complete diet for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L)

fingerlings ndash Landwirt Forsch 42 190 - 195

Nyina-wamwiza L Wathelet B and Kestemont P (2007) Potential of

local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish

Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda effects on growth feed utilization

and body Composition Aquaculture Research 38 206 - 214

Ogino C (1980) Requirement of carp and rainbow trout for essential

amino acids Bulletin of Japanese Society of Science and

Fisheries 46 171 - 174

Ogino C Chiou J Y and Takeuchi T (1976) Protein nutrition in fish

VI Effect of dietary energy sources on the utilization of protein by

rainbow trout and carp Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries

Science 42 213 - 218

Ogunji J O (2004) Alternative protein sources in diets for farmed

tilapia ndash Review article Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series

B 74 23N - 32N

Ogunji J O and Wirth M (2001) Alternative protein sources as

substitutes for fish meal in the diet of young Tilapia Oreochromis

niloticus (Linn) Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh 53

34 ndash 43

Olli J J Krogdahl A and Vabenoslash A (1995) Dehulled solvent

extracted soybean meal as a protein source in diets for Atlantic

salmon Salmo salar L Aquaculture Research 26 167 ndash 174

Olli J Krogdahl A and Berg-Lea T (1989) Effects of soybean trypsin

inhibitor activity on nutrient digestibility in salmonids fed

practical diets containing various soybean meals Proceedings of

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 46: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

144

the Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in

Fish Toba (Japan) pp 263 - 271

Olurin K B Olojo E A A and Olukoya O A (2006) Growth of

African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels

of cassava World Journal of Zoology 1 (1) 54 - 56

Olvera-Novoa M A Martinez P C A Galvan C R and Chavez S C

(1988) The use of seed of the leguminous plant Sesbania

grandiflora as a partial replacement for fish meal in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Aquaculture 71 51 ndash 60

Olvera-Novoa M A Pereira-Pacheco F Olivera-Castillo L Perez-

Flores V Navarro L and Salmano J C (1997) Cowpea (Vigna

unguiculata) protein concentrate as replacement for fish meal in

diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry Aquaculture 158 107

- 116

Olvera-Novoa M A Olivera-Castillo L and Martiacutenez-Palacios C A

(2002) Sunflower seed meal as a protein source in diets for

Tilapia rendalli (Boulanger 1896) fingerlings Aquaculture

Research 33 (3) 223 ndash 229

Omoregie E (2001) Utilization and nutrient digestibility of mango

seeds and palm kernel meal by juvenile Labeo senegalensis

(Antheriniformes Cyprinidae) Aquaculture Research 32 681 -

687

Orban E Nevigato T Di Lena G Casini I and Marzetti A (2003)

Differentiation in the lipid quality of wild and farmed seabass

(Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Journal of Food Science 68 (1) 128 - 132

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 47: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

145

Overnell J (1973) Digestive enzymes of the pyloric caeca and of their

associated mesentery in the cod (Gadus morhua) Comparative

Biochemistry and Physiology 46B 519 - 531

Patel A B and Yakupitiyage A (2003) Mixed feeding schedules in

semi-intensive pond culture of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

L Is it necessary to have two diets of differing protein contents

Aquaculture Research 34 1343 - 1352

Patra B C Maity J Banerjee S and Patra S (1999) Making

aquatic weeds useful III nutritive value of Nechamandra

alternifolia (Roxb ex Weight) Thw meal as feed for the Indian

major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Vidyasagar Univ J Biol

Sci 5 35 - 45

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988a) A preliminary study on the

utilization of the aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata Rayle as feed

by the carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) growth and certain

biochemical composition of flesh Indian Journal of Biology 20 (1)

44 - 50

Patra B C and Ray A K (1988b) Performance of the air-breathing

fish Clarias batrachus (Linn) at variable dietary protein levels

Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 58 882 - 886

Patra B C Maity J Debnath J and Patra S (2002) Making aquatic

weeds useful II Nymphoides cristatum (Roxb) O Kuntze as feed

for an Indian major carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquaculture

Nutrition 8 33 ndash 42

Paul B N Sarkar S and Mukhopadhyay P K (1999) Comparative

effect of varied dietary protein sources on growth performance of

rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton) Journal of Aquaculture 7 11 - 15

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 48: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

146

Pavasovic A Richardson N A Mather P B and Anderson A J

(2006) Influence of insoluble dietary cellulose on digestive

enzyme activity feed digestibility and survival in the red claw

crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens) Aquaculture

Research 37 25 ndash 32

Pavasovic A Anderson A J Mather P B and Richardson N A

(2007) Effect of a variety of animal plant and single cell-based

feed ingredients on diet digestibility and digestive enzyme

activity in redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von

Martens 1868) Aquaculture 272 564 ndash 572

Penaflorida V D (1995) Growth and survival of juvenile tiger shrimp

fed diets were partially replaced with papaya (Carica papaya L)

or camote (Ipomea batatas Lam) leaf meal Israeli Journal of

Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 47 25 - 33

Penaflorida V D Pascual F P and Tabbu N S (1992) A practical

method of extracting mimosine from ipil-ipil Leucaena

leucocephala leaves and its effect on survival and growth of

Penaeus monodon juveniles Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-

Bamidgeh 44 24 - 31

Peragoacuten J Barroso J B Garciacutea-Salguero L de la Higuera M and

Lupiaacutentildeez J A (1994) Dietary protein effects on growth and

fractional protein synthesis and degradation rates in liver and

white muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Aquaculture 124 35 ndash 46

Pereira T G and Oliva-Teles A (2003) Evaluation of corn gluten meal

as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata

L) juveniles Aquaculture Research 34 1111 - 1117

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 49: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

147

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (2002) Utilization of rawand gelatinized

starch by European sea bass (Decentrarchus labrax) juveniles

Aquaculture 205 287 - 299

Peres H and Oliva-Teles A (1999) Effect of dietary lipid level on

growth performance and feed utilization by European sea bass

juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) Aquaculture 179 325 ndash 334

Peacuteres A Zambonino Infante J L and Cahu C L (1998) Dietary

regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase

in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 19 145 ndash 152

Phillips A M Jr (1972) Calories and energy requirement In Halver

J E (ed) Fish nutrition New York Academic press pp 1-28

Plantikow H (1981) Amylaseaktivatat von Regenbogenforellen (Salmo

gardineri Richardson) nach Akklimatisation an verschiedene

Milieutemperaturen und-salinitaten and ihre Bedeutung fur die

Kohlenhydratverdaulichkeit IV Wiss Konf Zu Fragen d

Physiol Biol und Parasitol Von Nutzfischen 2ndash6 September

1980 Rostock pp 23ndash26

Pongmaneerat J Watanabe T Takeuchi T and Satoh S (1993) Use

of different protein meals as partial or total substitution for fish

meal in carp diets Bulletin of Japanese Society of Scientific

Fisheries 59 1249 - 1257

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1991) Nutritive value of protein of

feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio Bulletin of Japanese

Society of Fisheries Science 57 503 ndash 510

Pongmaneerat J and Watanabe T (1992) Utilization of soybean meal

as protein source in diets for rainbow trout Nippon Suisan

Gakkaishi 58 1983 ndash 1990

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 50: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

148

Pouomogne V Takam G and Pouemegne J (1997) A preliminary

evaluation of cacao husks in practical diets for juvenile Nile

tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Aquaculture 156 211 - 219

Prasad R R (1974) ldquoFisheries development in Indiardquo Sea food export

J Vol 4 (1) pp20

Quartararo N Allan G L and Bell J D (1998) Replacement of fish

meal in diets for Australian snapper Pagrus auratus

Aquaculture 166 279 - 295

Rahman M H Wahab M A Ahmed A and Tyeb A (1988) The

effects of feeding Leucaena leucocephala to Tilapia nilotica

Leucaena Research Reports 9 35 ndash 36

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2004) Inclusion of extruded grass

pea Lathyrus sativus seed meal in compound diets for rohu

Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822) fingerlings Acta Ichthyologica et

Piscatoria 34 (2) 205 ndash 218

Ramachandran S Bairagi A and Ray A K (2005) Improvement of

nutritive value of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) seed meal in the

formulated diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings

after fermentation with a fish gut bacterium Bioresource

Technology 96 1465 ndash 1472

Ramachandran S and Ray A K (2007) Nutritional evaluation of

fermented black gram (Phaseolus mungo) seed meal in compound

diets for rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings Journal of

Applied Ichthyology 23 74 - 79

Rashid M D Hossain M S and Kawsar M H (2001) Evaluation of

complete rations containing road side grass Maize (Zea mays)

silage or water hyacinth leaves (Eichhornia crassipes) in

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 51: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

149

Bangladeshi bull calves Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

4 (7) 906 ndash 908

Ravi J and Devaraj K V (1991) Quantitative essential amino acid

requirements for growth of Catla catla (Hamilton) Aquaculture

96 281 ndash 291

Rawling M D Merrifield D L and Davies S J (2009) Preliminary

assessment of dietary supplementation of Sangrovit on red tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and health

Aquaculture 294 (1 - 2) 118 ndash 122

Ray A K and Das I (1992) Utilization of diets containing composted

aquatic weed (Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp rohu

(Labeo rohita Ham) fingerlings Bioresource Technology 40 67 ndash

72

Ray A K and Das I (1994) Apparent digestibility of some aquatic

macrophytes in rohu Labeo rohita (Ham) fingerlings Journal of

Aquaculture in the Tropics 9 335 ndash 342

Ray A K and Das I (1995) Evaluation of dried aquatic weed Pistia

stratiotes meal as a feedstuff in pelleted feed for rohu Labeo

rohita fingerlings Journal of Applied Aquaculture 5 35 ndash 44

Reddy M R and Mohanrao A V (1979) Studies on supplementation of

water hyacinth hay to paddy straw for improved utilization by

growing cross-bred calves Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 49

(8) 618 ndash 621

Refstie S Svihus B Shearer K D and Storebakken T (1999)

Nutrient digestibility in Atlantic salmon and broiler chickens

related to viscosity and non-starch polysaccharide content in

different soybean products Animal Feed Science Technology 79

331 ndash 345

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 52: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

150

Regost C Arzel J and Kaushik S J (1999) Partial or total

replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot

Psetta maxima Aquaculture 180 90 - 117

Reigh R C and Ellis S C (1992) Effects of dietary soybean and

fishprotein ratios on growth and body composition of red drum

(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed isonitrogenous diets Aquaculture 104

279 ndash 292

Reimer G (1982) The influence on diet on the digestive enzymes of the

Amazon fish Matrincha Brycon cf melanopterus Journal of Fish

Biology 21 637 - 642

Rekhate D H Ukey S and Dhok A P (2004) Performance and

haemobiochemical profile of broilers fed on supplementation of

shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) root powder Indian Journal of

Poultry Science 39 (2) 82 -84

Reyes O S and Fermin A C (2003) Terrestrial leaf meals or

freshwater aquatic fern as potential feed ingredients for farmed

abalone Haliotis asinina (Linnaeus1758) Aquaculture Research

34 593 - 599

Richards D E Brown W F Ruegsegger G and Bates D B (1994)

Replacement value of tree legumes for concentrates in forage-

based diets II Replacement value of Leucaena leucocephala and

Gliricidia sepium for lactating goats

Animal Feed Science and Technology 46 (1 - 2) 53 ndash 65

Riche M Trottier N L Ku P K and Garling D L (2001) Apparent

digestibility of crude protein and apparent availability of

individual amino acids in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed

phytase pretreated soybean meal diets Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 181 - 194

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 53: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

151

Ritcher N Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Evaluation of

nutritional quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves as

alternative protein source for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L)

Aquaculture 217 599 - 611

Robaina L Izquiedo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

Montero D and Fernandez ndash palacios H (1995) Soybean and

lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream

(Sparus aurata) nutritional and histological implications

Aquaculture 130 219 - 233

Robaina L Izquierdo M S Moyano F J Socorro J Vergara J M

and Montero D (1998) Increase of the dietary n-3n-6 fatty acid

ratio and addition of phosphorus improves liver histological

alterations induced by feeding diets containing soybean meal to

gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Aquaculture 161 281 ndash 293

Robinson E H and Li M H (1994) Use of plant proteins in catfish

feeds replacement of soybean meal with cottonseed meal and

replacement of fish meal with soybean meal and cottonseed meal

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 25 271 - 276

Robinson E H and Tiersch T R (1995) Eects of long-term feeding of

cottonseed meal on growth testis development and sperm

mortality of male channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus broodfish

Journal of World Aquaculture Society 26 426 - 431

Robinson E H and Li M H (1999) Effect of dietary protein

concentration and feeding rate on weight gain feed efficiency

and body composition of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus

punctatus Journal of World Aquaculture Society 30 (3) 311 -

318

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 54: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

152

Rungruangsak T K and Male R (2000) Trypsin isozymes

Development digestion and structure In Seafood Enzymes

Utilization and Influence on Postharvest Seafood Quality (N F

Haard and B K Simpson eds) Marcel Dekker Inc New York

NY pp 215 ndash 269

Rychly J and Spannhof L (1979) Nitrogen balance in trout I

Digestibility of diets containing varying levels of protein and

carbohydrates Aquaculture 16 39 ndash 46

Sabapathy U and Teo L H (1993) A quantitative study of some

digestive enzymes in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus and the

sea bass Lates calcarifer Journal of Fish Biology 42 595 - 602

Saha A K and Ray A K (1998) Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham)

fingerlings with alternate feeding of low and high protein diets

In Technological Advancements in Fisheries (ed by B M

Kurup) CUSAT Cochin India pp114 - 119

Sales J Truter P J and Britz P J (2003) Optimum dietary crude

protein level for growth in South African abalone (Haliotis midae

L) Aquaculture Nutrition 9 85 ndash 89

Samocha M S Davis D A Saoud I P and De Bault K (2004)

Substitution of fish meal by co-extruded soybean poultry by-

product meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp

Litopenaeus vannamei Aquaculture 231 197 - 203

Sandbrook E and Hepher B (1978) The utilization of microalgae as a

feed for fish Archives in Hydrobiology 11 108 ndash 120

Sandholm M Smith R R Shih J C H and Scott M L (1976)

Determination of anti-trypsin activity on agar plates relationship

between antitrypsin and biological values of soybean for trout

Journal of Nutrition 106 761 - 766

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 55: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

153

Santiago C B Aldaba M B Laron M A and Reyes O S (1988)

Reproductive performance and growth of Nile tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus) broodstock fed diets containing Leucaena

leucocephala leaf meal Aquaculture 70 53 - 61

Sanz A Morales A E De la Higuera M and Cardenate G (1994)

Sunflower meal compared with soybean meal as partial

substitutes for fish meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

dietsmdashprotein and energy utilization Aquaculture 128 287 ndash

300

Sargent J R and Tacon A G (1999) Development of farmed fish a

nutritionally alternative to meat Proceedings of the Nutritional

Society 58 377 - 383

Sargent J Bell L McEvoy D Tocher D and Estevez A (1999)

Recent developments in the essential fatty acid nutrition of fish

Aquaculture 177 191 - 199

Schneider B H and Flatt W P (1975) The evaluation of feeds

through digestibility experiments The University of Georgia

Press Athens USA 423 pp

Schulz C Bohm M Wirth M and Rennert B (2007) Effect of dietary

protein on growth feed conversion body composition and survival

of pike perch fingerlings (Sander lucioperca) Aquaculture

Nutrition 13 373 ndash 380

Sener E Yildiz M and Savas E (2006) Effect of Vegetable Protein

and Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance and Body

Composition of Russian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser

gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833) at Low Temperatures Turkish

Journal of Ffisheries and Aquatic Sciences 6 23 ndash 27

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 56: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

154

Sevgili H Emre Y Kanyilmaz M Diler I and Hossu B (2006)

Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance body

composition and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow

trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 36

(1) 49 ndash 55

Sharshar K M and Haroon A M (2009) Comparative investigations

on some biological aspects in freshwater Crayfish (Procambarus

clarkii) fed on Eichhornia crassipes Eichhornia stagnina and

Polygonum tomentosum L American ndash Eurasian Journal of

Agriculture amp Environmental Science 5 (4) 579 ndash 589

Shearer K D (1994) Factors affecting the proximate composition of

cultured fishes with emphasis on salmonids Aquaculture 119 63

- 88

Sheridan M A and Mommsen T P (1991) Effects of nutritional state

on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolismof coho salmon

Oncorhynchus kisutch General and Comparative Endocrinology

81 473 - 483

Shiau S Kwok C Hwang J Chen C and Lee S (1989)

Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in male tilapia

(Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) fingerling diets at

asuboptimal protein level Journal of the World Aquaculture

Society 20 230 ndash 235

Shiau S Y (1997) Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with

particular reference to tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and O

aureus Aquaculture 151 79 - 96

Shiau S Y Chuang J L and Sun C L (1987) Inclusion of soybean

meal in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus times O aureus) diets at two

protein levels Aquaculture 65 251 - 261

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 57: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

155

Shiau S Y Pan B S Chen S Yu H L and Sin S L (1988)

Successful use of soybean meal with a methionine supplement to

replace fish meal in diets fed to milk fish Chanos chanos Journal

of World Aquaculture Society 19 14 - 19

Shimeno S Masunoto T Tujita T Mima L and Uenos S (1993)

Alternative protein sources for fish meal in diets of young

yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 59137 - 143

Shimeno S Takafumi S Hidetsuyo H Masumoto T and Kheyyali

D (1997) Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp

Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151 371 ndash 377

Shpigel M Ragg N L Lupatsch I and Neori A (1999) Protein

content determines the nutritional value of the seaweed Ulva

lactuca L for the abalone Haliotis tuberculata L and H discuss

hannai INO Journal of Shellfish Research 18 227 - 233

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2001) Preliminary nutritional

evaluation of Mucuna seed meal (Mucuna pruriens var utilis) in

common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) an assessment by growth

performance and feed utilization Aquaculture 196 105 ndash 123

Siddhuraju P and Becker K (2003) Comparative nutritional

evaluation of differentially processed mucuna seeds (Mucuna

pruriens L) DC var utilis (Wall ex Wight) Baker ex Burck on

growth performance feed utilization and body composition in Nile

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) Aquaculture 34 487 - 500

Singh B N (1992) Digestibility of protein and energy from feedstuffs

and pelleted diets in mrigal Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham) and grass

carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val) In Aquaculture Research

Needs for 2000 AD (Wang J K and Dehadrai P V eds) Oxford

and IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd New Delhi pp 135ndash 142

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 58: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

156

Sinha V R P (1979) On the contribution of Supplementary feeding in

increasing fish production through Composite Fish Culture in

India Proceeding of World Symposium on Fin Fish Nutrition and

Fish Feed Technology Hamburg West Germany Vol II

Sivaram V Mabu M M Immanuel G Murugadass S Citarasu T

and Marian M P (2004) Growth and immune response of

juvenile greasy groupers (Epinephelus tauvina) fed with herbal

antibacterial active principle supplemented diets against Vibrio

harveyi infections Aquaculture 237 (1 - 4) 9 ndash 20

Sklan D Prag T and Lupatsch I (2004) Apparent digestibility

coefficients of feed ingredients and their prediction in diets for

tilapia Oreochromis niloticus times Oreochromis aureus (Telepstei

Cichlidae) Aquaculture Research 35 358 ndash 364

Smith L S (1980) Digestion in teleost fishes Lectures presented at the

FAOUNDP training course in fish feeding technology

ACDPREP8011 pp 3ndash17

Soivio A Niemisto M and Backstrom M (1989) Fatty acid

composition of Coregonus muksun Pallas changes during

incubation hatching feeding and starvation Aquaculture 79

163 - 168

Soltan M A Hanafy M A and Wafa M I A (2008) Effect of

replacing fish meal by a mixture of different plant protein sources

in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L) diets Global

Veterinaria 2 (4) 157 - 164

Spannhof L and Plantikow H (1983) Studies on carbohydrate

digestion in rainbow trout Aquaculture 30 95 ndash 108

Spyridakis P Metallier R Gabaudan J and Riaza A (1989) Studies

on nutrient digestibility in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 59: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

157

labrax) I Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection

Aquaculture 77 61 ndash 70

Srikanth G K Nandeesha M C Keshavanath P Varghese T J

Shetty H P C and Basavaraj N (1989) On the applicability of

mixed feeding schedule for common carp Cyprinus carpio var

communis In Huisman E A Zonneveld N Boumans A H M

(eds) Aquaculture in Asia Pudoc Wageningen the Netherlands

pp 254 - 261

Stavros C Angela G E and Pascal D (2006) Fishmeal replacement

by alfalfa protein concentrates in sharp snout sea bream

Diplodus puntazzo Fish Sci 72 1313 ndash 1315

Stickney R R (1991) Catfish culture World Aquaculture 22 44 - 54

Storebakken T Shearer K D and Roem A J (2000) Growth uptake

and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption of other

minerals in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fed diets with fish meal

and soy-protein concentrate as the main sources of protein

Aquaculture Nutrition 6 103 - 108

Suarez P K and Mommsen T P (1987) Gluconeogenesis in teleost

fishes Canadian Journal of Zoology 65 1869 - 1882

Suarez M D Hidalgo M C Garciacutea Galego M Sanz A and De la

Higuera M (1995) Influence of the relative proportions of the

energy yelding nutrients on the liver intermediary metabolism of

the European ell Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology

111A (3) 421 - 428

Sunde J Taranger G L and Rungruangsak T K (2001) Digestive

protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as

indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 60: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

158

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 25 335 ndash 345

Svihus B Herstad O Newman C W and Newman R K (1997)

Comparison of performance and intestinal characteristics of

broiler chickens fed diets containing whole rolled or ground

barley British Journal of Poultry Science 38 524 - 529

Swamy D N and Mohanty S N (1990) Response of rohu (Labeo

rohita Ham) fingerlings to diets of different protein contents

Journal of Zoological Research 3 121 - 126

Tacon A G J Webster J L and Martinez C A (1984) Use of solvent

extracted sunflower seed meal in complete diets for fingerling

rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Aquaculture 43

381 - 389

Tacon A G J (1993) Feed Ingredients for Warmwater Fish Fish Meal

and Other Processed Feedstuffs FAO Fish Circ No 856 FAO

Rome Italy

Tacon A G J (1997) Fish meal replacers review of antinutrients

within oilseeds and pulses - a limiting factor for the aquafeed

green revolution In Tacon A Basurco B (eds) Feeding

tomorrowrsquos fish Vol 22 Cahiers Options Meacutediterraneacuteennes

Institute Agronomique Meacutediterraneacuteen de Zaragoza Spain pp

153 ndash 182

Takeuchi T Yokoyama M Watanabe T and Ogino C (1978)

Optimum ratio of dietary energy to protein for rainbow trout

Bulletin of Japanese Society of Fisheries Science 44 729 ndash 732

Tengjaroenkul B Smith B J Caceci T and Smith S A (2000)

Distribuition of intestinal enzyme activities along the intestinal

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 61: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

159

tract of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L

Aquaculture 182 317 - 327

Thiessen D L Campbell G L and Adelizi P D (2003) Digestibility

and growth performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

fed with pea and canola products Aquaculture Nutrition 9 67 -

75

Tibaldi E Tulli F and Freire R D (1998) Alternative protein sources

in diets for juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Biol Mar

Medit 5 2034 - 2043

Tibbetts S M Lall S P and Milley J E (2005) Effects of dietary

protein and lipid levels and DPDE-1 ratio on growth feed

utilization and leptosomatic index of juvenile haddock

Melanogrammus aeglefinus L Aquaculture Nutrition 11 67 ndash 75

Tomas A Gandara F D L Garcia-Gomez A Perez L and Jover M

(2005) Utilization of soybean meal as an alternate protein source

in the Mediterranean yellow tail Seriola dumerili Aquaculture

Nutrition 11 333 - 340

Twining S S Alexander P A Huibregste K and Glick D M (1983)

A pepsinogen from rainbow trout Comparative Biochemistry and

Physiology 75 B 109 ndash 112

Ulloa Rojas J B and Verreth J A J (2003) Growth of Oreochromis

aureus fed with diets containing graded levels of coffee pulp and

reared in two culture systems Aquaculture 217 275 - 283

Van Dyke J M and Sulton D L (1977) Digestion of duckweed (Lemna

sp) by the grass carp (Ctenopharyndodon idella) Journal of Fish

Biology 11 273 - 278

Van Weerd J H (1995) Nutrition and growth in Clarias species - a

review Aquatic Living Resource 8 395 - 400

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 62: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

160

Venkatesh B and Shetty H P C (1978) Studies on the growth rate of

grass carp Ctenopharyagodon idella (Val) fed on two aquatic

weeds and a terrestrial grass Aquaculture 13 45 - 53

Vhanalakar S A Kale M D Waghmode S S and Muley D V

(2008) Partial Replacement of fishmeal by locally available plant

proteins for the Indian major carp Cirrhina mrigala Journal of

AquaticBiology 23 (2) 209 - 212

Vieira M P Gomez-Pinchetti J L Courtois deViscose G Bilbao A

Suarez R J Haroun R J and Izquierdo M S (2005)

Suitability of three red macroalgae as feed for the abalone

Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve Aquaculture 248 75 ndash 82

Viola S Mokady S Rappaport V and Ariell Y (1982) Partial and

complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for

intensive culture of carp Aquaculture 26 223 - 236

Viola S and Zohar G (1984) Nutrition studies with market size

hybrids of tilapia Oreochromis in intensive culture Bamidgeh 36

3 - 15

Viyakarn V Watanabe T Aoki H Tsuda H Sakamoto H

Okamoto N Iso N Satoh S and Takeuchi T (1992) Use of

soybean meal as a substitute for fish meal in a newly developed

soft-dry pellet for yellowtail Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 58 1991 ndash

2000

Von Der Decken A and Lied E (1992) Dietary protein levels affect

growth and protein metabolism in trunk muscle of cod Gadus

morhua Jounal of Comparative Physiology 162 351 ndash 357

Walton M J (1986) Metabolic eects of feeding a high proteinlow

carbohydrate diet as compared to a low proteinhigh carbohydrate

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 63: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

161

diet to rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri Fish Physiology and

Biochemistry 1 7 - 15

Wang Y Guo J Bureau D P and Cui Z (2006) Effects of dietary

protein and energy levels on growth feed utilization and body

composition of cuneate drum Nibea miichthioides Aquaculture

252 421 ndash 428

Watanabe T (2002) Strategies for further development of aquatic

feeds Fisheries Science 68 242 - 252

Webster C D Tidwell J H Tiu L S and Yancey D H (1995) Use

of soybean meal as partial or total substitute of fish meal in diets

for blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) Aquatic Living Resources 8

379 - 384

Webster C D Tiu L G and Morgan A M (1999) Effect of partial or

total replacement of fish meal on growth and body composition of

sunshine bass Morone chrysops x M saxatilis Journal of World

Aquaculture Society 30 443 - 453

Webster C D Tidwell J H Goodgame L S Yancey D H and

Mackey L (1992) Use of soybean meal and distillers grains with

solubles as partial or total replacement of fish meal in diets for

channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Aquaculture 106 301 - 309

Webster C D Thompson K R Morgan A M Grisby E J and

Gannam AL (2000) Use of hempseed meal poultry byproduct

meal and canola meal in practical diets without fish meal for

sunshine bass (Morone chrysops times M saxatilis) Aquaculture 188

299 - 309

Wee K L and Wang S S (1987) Nutritive value of Leucaena leaf

meal in pelleted feed for Nile tilapia Aquaculture 62 97 - 108

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 64: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

162

Wee K L (1991) Use of non-conventional feedstuff of plant origin as

fish feeds It is practical and economically feasible In Fish

Nutrition Research in Asia Proceedings of the 4th Asian Fish

Nutrition Research in Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication

(ed by S S De-Silva) Asian Fisheries Society Manila

Philippines pp 13- 32

Wilson R P and Poe W E (1985) Effects of feeding soybean meal with

varying trypsin inhibitor activities on growth of fingerling

channel catfish Aquaculture 46 19 ndash 25

Wilson R P (1989) Amino acids and proteins In Fish Nutrition

(Halver JE ed) Academic Press San Diego CA pp 111ndash151

Wu J and Jan L (1977) Comparison of the nutritive value of dietary

proteins in Tilapia aurea Journal of Fisheries Society 5 56 - 60

Wu X Y Liu Y J Tian L X Mai K S Yang H J and Liang G Y

(2007) Effects of raw corn starch levels on growth feed

utilization plasma chemical indices and enzyme activities in

juvenile yellowfin seabream Sparus latus Houttuyn Aquaculture

Research 38 1330 ndash 1338

Xie S and Jokumsen A (1997) Replacement of fish meal by potato

protein concentrate in the diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus

mykiss) growth feed utilization and body composition

Aquaculture Nutrition 3 65 - 69

Yadava Y S (2003) Fiscal reforms for fisheries in India a case study

Proceeding of workshop (Food and Agriculture Organization) on

Fiscal Reforms to promote growth poverty eradication and

sustainable management Rome 13 ndash 15

Yang S D Liou C H and Liu F G (2002) Effects of dietary protein

level on growth performance carcass composition and ammonia

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78

Page 65: BIBLIOGRAPHY - Shodhgangashodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/4061/14/14_bibliography.pdf · aquatic weed Azolla and fishmeal for rearing medium carp Osteobrama belangeri (Valenciennes).

163

excretion in juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)

Aquaculture 213 363 ndash 372

Yang S D Lin T S Liou C H and Peng H K (2003) Influence of

dietary protein levels on growth performance carcass composition

and liver lipid classes of juvenile Spinibarbus hollandi (Oshima)

Aquaculture Research 34 661 ndash 666

Yousif M O Alhadhrami A G and Pessarakli M (1994) Evaluation

of dehydrated alfalfa and salt bush (Atriplex) leaves in diets for

tilapia (Oreochromis aureus L) Aquaculture 126 341 - 347

Yurowski M Bailey J K Evans R E Tabachek J A L and Eals J

(1978) Acceptability of rapeseed proteins in diets of rainbow trout

(Salmo gaidneri) Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada

35 951-962

Zhao M Xie S Zhu X Yang Y Gan L and Song L (2006) Effect

of inclusion of blue-green algae meal on growth and accumulation

of microcystins in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) Journal

of Applied Ichthyology 22 72 - 78