Beyond the Building Scale: LEED and Low Carbon District ... · PDF fileLEED and Low Carbon...

Beyond the Building Scale:

LEED and Low Carbon District Energy Systems

June 8, 2014

210 - 1737 West 3rd Ave.

Vancouver, B.C. V6J 1K7 Canada

T. 778-383-1212

E. [email protected]

reshapestrategies.com

OUR STORY TODAY, IN THREE PARTS…OUR STORY TODAY, IN THREE PARTS…OUR STORY TODAY, IN THREE PARTS…OUR STORY TODAY, IN THREE PARTS…

1. City Building

2. LEED and DES

3. Vancouver-ism 2.0

reshapestrategies.com LEED and DES - Beyond the Building Scale 2222

WE START … IN WE START … IN WE START … IN WE START … IN PARISPARISPARISPARIS


Paris sewers 1837 to 1878Paris sewers 1837 to 1878Paris sewers 1837 to 1878Paris sewers 1837 to 1878

4444

We are capable of thinking like city builders, of taking the long view…

reshapestrategies.com LEED and DES - Beyond the Building Scale

… we are a generation that inherited all of this infrastructure and have forgotten what it takes

WHAT IS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREWHAT IS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREWHAT IS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREWHAT IS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE

- Foundation of economic and social well-being

- Shared, capital intensive and long-lived

- Private and public benefits


Photo Credit: Enwave

DES, whether delivered by government or private sector is public infrastructure

Principles also apply to otherinfrastructure systems(water, sewer, storm)

6666

State/Provincial/ContinentalState/Provincial/Continental

Region/CityRegion/City

NeighbourhoodNeighbourhood

BuildingBuilding

IndividualIndividual

7777

WHAT SCALE IS MOST EFFICIENTWHAT SCALE IS MOST EFFICIENTWHAT SCALE IS MOST EFFICIENTWHAT SCALE IS MOST EFFICIENTAND EFFECTIVE?AND EFFECTIVE?AND EFFECTIVE?AND EFFECTIVE?

For services and

for sustainability outcomes


State/Provincial/ContinentalState/Provincial/Continental

Region/CityRegion/City

8888

LARGE IS COST EFFICIENTLARGE IS COST EFFICIENTLARGE IS COST EFFICIENTLARGE IS COST EFFICIENT

- Capital Intensive

- Phasing and integration challenges


BuildingBuilding

IndividualIndividual

9999

SMALL IS BEAUTIFULSMALL IS BEAUTIFULSMALL IS BEAUTIFULSMALL IS BEAUTIFUL

- Limited flexibility

- Lacks future option value

- Often lacks economy of scale required to make renewables cost effective


NeighbourhoodNeighbourhood

10101010

NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE ---- THE MISSING LINK?THE MISSING LINK?THE MISSING LINK?THE MISSING LINK?

- Better staging of capital- Diversity of technologies- Place making

- Lower risk

- Better flexibility- Has economy of scale- Professional management


VALUE OF SCALE AND A FLEXIBLE PLATFORMVALUE OF SCALE AND A FLEXIBLE PLATFORMVALUE OF SCALE AND A FLEXIBLE PLATFORMVALUE OF SCALE AND A FLEXIBLE PLATFORM


EVOLUTION REQUIRES VISION AND FLEXIBILITYEVOLUTION REQUIRES VISION AND FLEXIBILITYEVOLUTION REQUIRES VISION AND FLEXIBILITYEVOLUTION REQUIRES VISION AND FLEXIBILITY


Photo Credit: IDEA

STAGES OF A LOW CARBON DESSTAGES OF A LOW CARBON DESSTAGES OF A LOW CARBON DESSTAGES OF A LOW CARBON DES


Stage 1: Initiation of a

system

Stage 2: Growth of the

system

Stage3:

Policies for fuel switch

Stage 4: Fuel Switch

Stage 5: Optimization

Anchor tenants help to initiate the system (hospitals, new neighbourhood developments)

To achieve a greater economy of scale.

May include carbon pricing, DES Franchise areas, LEED leveraging, carbon trust, etc.

To satisfy DES Franchise requirements, when economic conditions permit

Ongoing. May include CHP, thermal storage, hot water conversion, additional renewables

13131313

BASELOAD LOW CARBONBASELOAD LOW CARBONBASELOAD LOW CARBONBASELOAD LOW CARBON


System

Output C

apacity

Load Duration Curve

Baseload Plant Peaking Plant(s)

Peaking Energy Peaking Energy Peaking Energy Peaking Energy ~ 30% ~ 30% ~ 30% ~ 30% of Total of Total of Total of Total Annual EnergyAnnual EnergyAnnual EnergyAnnual Energy

Baseload EnergyBaseload EnergyBaseload EnergyBaseload Energy~ 70% ~ 70% ~ 70% ~ 70% of Total of Total of Total of Total Annual EnergyAnnual EnergyAnnual EnergyAnnual Energy

Peak Load Peak Load Peak Load Peak Load

BaseloadBaseloadBaseloadBaseload

~1/3 Peak

8760 hr

14141414

Approximate ratios shown. Will vary by system and technology

CARBON REDUCTION AT LOWEST COSTCARBON REDUCTION AT LOWEST COSTCARBON REDUCTION AT LOWEST COSTCARBON REDUCTION AT LOWEST COST

In Building Strategies

District Scale Strategies

Carbon Reductions[tonnes]

Carbon Abatement C

ost

[$/tonne]

Deeper ‘in building’ reductions have higher incremental costs

District Solutions have an economy of scale


Islands of green in a rising sea of brownIslands of green in a rising sea of brownIslands of green in a rising sea of brownIslands of green in a rising sea of brown

16161616

LEED AND DISTRICT ENERGYLEED AND DISTRICT ENERGYLEED AND DISTRICT ENERGYLEED AND DISTRICT ENERGY

DES IN DES IN DES IN DES IN LEEDLEEDLEEDLEED ---- CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT

• Buildings must meet pre-requisite for energy use reduction ‘on their own’

• Two options to account for District Energy:– Method 1: No benefit from DES

– Method 2: With benefits from DES considered

• Non-traditional fuels count as zero energy cost input for EAc1 points and renewable fuels count as zero input for EAc2

• Buildings can only take credit for fuels that are currently online at the time of certification


LEED LEED LEED LEED –––– CURRENT (EAC1 & CURRENT (EAC1 & CURRENT (EAC1 & CURRENT (EAC1 & EACEACEACEAC 2 POINTS TABLES)2 POINTS TABLES)2 POINTS TABLES)2 POINTS TABLES)

EAc1 Points Table EAc2 Points Table12% 1 1% 114% 2 3% 216% 3 5% 318% 4 7% 420% 5 9% 522% 6 11% 624% 7 13% 726% 8 Innovation 828% 930% 1032% 1134% 1236% 1338% 1440% 1542% 1644% 1746% 1848% 19

Innovation 20


@70% NTF@70% NTF@70% Renewable Fuels@70% Renewable Fuels

40-49 points for Certification50-59 points for Silver60-79 points for Gold80+ for Platinum

19191919

LEEDLEEDLEEDLEED TIMING CHALLENGETIMING CHALLENGETIMING CHALLENGETIMING CHALLENGE


Stage 1: Initiation of a

system

Stage 2: Growth of the

system

Stage3:

Policies for fuel switch

Stage 4: Fuel Switch

Stage 5: Optimization

0 EAc1 points0 EAc2 points0 Innovation points .0 LEED points from the DES

9 EAc1 points7 EAc2 points1 Innovation point .17 LEED points from the DES

(For Vancouver project and DE system.Under 2014 BC energy prices. )

Pre-fuel switch Post-fuel switch

With no opportunity for low cost

‘plant measures’

With no opportunity for low cost

‘plant measures’

20202020

LEED TIMING CHALLENGELEED TIMING CHALLENGELEED TIMING CHALLENGELEED TIMING CHALLENGE

Fossil fuels Low carbon

Penalty for connection to fossil fuel based DES

Large number of points from low carbon DES

Pre-fuel switch Post-fuel switch

21212121reshapestrategies.com LEED and DES - Beyond the Building Scale

Early Adopters Later Developments

LEED LEED LEED LEED CIRSCIRSCIRSCIRS RELATED TO DESRELATED TO DESRELATED TO DESRELATED TO DES

Vancouver project recently submitted two Credit Interpretation Requests (CIRs) related to points from low carbon district energy

CIR CIR CIR CIR 1044: Lifting 1044: Lifting 1044: Lifting 1044: Lifting of the cap on EAc1 points from a of the cap on EAc1 points from a of the cap on EAc1 points from a of the cap on EAc1 points from a DES (Approved)DES (Approved)DES (Approved)DES (Approved)- Requested removal of limit of 6 EAc1 points from DES- Request granted and CAGBC added that removal would apply regardless of ownership of

the DES and building (change from previous CIR from the University of Calgary which allowed points removal only for common building and DES owner)

CIR CIR CIR CIR 1035: LEED 1035: LEED 1035: LEED 1035: LEED credits in advance of renewables coming credits in advance of renewables coming credits in advance of renewables coming credits in advance of renewables coming online (In Progress)online (In Progress)online (In Progress)online (In Progress)- Requested acknowledgement of future low carbon credits provided

- Legal agreement in place to ensure delivery of low carbon solution- Low carbon fuel secured for 10 years- Low carbon is less than 2 years away

- Still under review, however early indications are that pre-recognition may be acceptable provided:- Low carbon is less than 2 years away- Construction drawings for low carbon generation plant and equipment are available with submission


VANCOUVERVANCOUVERVANCOUVERVANCOUVER----ISM 2.0ISM 2.0ISM 2.0ISM 2.0

24242424

City of Vancouver has established an ambitious vision of becoming the greenest city in the world by 2020.

1. Carbon2. Waste3. Ecosystems

25252525

Carbon tools for buildings emissions:1. DES Strategy2. Green Building Policy

26262626

Vancouver Olympic Village: SEFC NEUVancouver Olympic Village: SEFC NEUVancouver Olympic Village: SEFC NEUVancouver Olympic Village: SEFC NEU(Municipally owned and operated DES)(Municipally owned and operated DES)(Municipally owned and operated DES)(Municipally owned and operated DES)


DES PRIORITY AREASDES PRIORITY AREASDES PRIORITY AREASDES PRIORITY AREAS


Image Credit: CoV Engineering

EVOLVING DES STRATEGYEVOLVING DES STRATEGYEVOLVING DES STRATEGYEVOLVING DES STRATEGY


Built own system

(SEFC NEU)

Identify Priority DE Areas

Develop DES Franchise Agreements

DES Franchise AgreementsDES Franchise AgreementsDES Franchise AgreementsDES Franchise Agreements- City requires low carbon along a specified timeline- City creates bylaw for mandatory connection to DES- If deliverables are not met, significant financial impacts results for utility

29292929

EVOLVING GREEN BUILDING POLICYEVOLVING GREEN BUILDING POLICYEVOLVING GREEN BUILDING POLICYEVOLVING GREEN BUILDING POLICY


Current Green Building Policy

LEED Gold for all new developments and 6 EAc1 points

Future Green Building Policy

TBC?Future Green Building Policy

TBC?

- Building Code changes- Changes to LEED- Changes to DES Strategy- GCAP Progress

30303030

AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF PROVINCIAL CARBON AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF PROVINCIAL CARBON AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF PROVINCIAL CARBON AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF PROVINCIAL CARBON POLICYPOLICYPOLICYPOLICY


$30/tonne Carbon Tax (all emissions)$25/tonne Mandatory Offsets Purchases (Public Sector only)

(effectively a ~$2.75/GJ premium on natural gas)

31313131

ALIGNING POLICYALIGNING POLICYALIGNING POLICYALIGNING POLICY


BC Provincial Carbon PoliciesBC Provincial Carbon Policies

City of Vancouver DES Strategy

City of Vancouver DES Strategy

City of Vancouver Green Building Policy

(LEED or other)

City of Vancouver Green Building Policy

(LEED or other)

32323232

GRANVILLE LOOPSGRANVILLE LOOPSGRANVILLE LOOPSGRANVILLE LOOPS


Photo Credit: Westbank

VANCOUVER HOUSEVANCOUVER HOUSEVANCOUVER HOUSEVANCOUVER HOUSE

• Designed by Bjarke IngelsGroup (BIG)

• Largest LEED Platinum residential project in North America.


Photo Credit: BIG

BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING –––– PUBLIC ARTPUBLIC ARTPUBLIC ARTPUBLIC ART


Photo Credit: Rodney Graham Photo Credit: Westbank

BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING BEYOND THE BUILDING ---- ENERGYENERGYENERGYENERGY


VANCOUVERISM 2.0: ENERGY SYSTEMS THINKING VANCOUVERISM 2.0: ENERGY SYSTEMS THINKING VANCOUVERISM 2.0: ENERGY SYSTEMS THINKING VANCOUVERISM 2.0: ENERGY SYSTEMS THINKING BEYOND THE BUILDING SCALEBEYOND THE BUILDING SCALEBEYOND THE BUILDING SCALEBEYOND THE BUILDING SCALE


CREATIVE ENERGY VISIONCREATIVE ENERGY VISIONCREATIVE ENERGY VISIONCREATIVE ENERGY VISION


Image Credit: Creative Energy

CREATIVE ENERGY STRATEGIESCREATIVE ENERGY STRATEGIESCREATIVE ENERGY STRATEGIESCREATIVE ENERGY STRATEGIES


SUMMARYSUMMARYSUMMARYSUMMARY

1. In certain applications, carbon emissions from buildings can carbon emissions from buildings can carbon emissions from buildings can carbon emissions from buildings can be more effectively reduced on a neighbourhood scalebe more effectively reduced on a neighbourhood scalebe more effectively reduced on a neighbourhood scalebe more effectively reduced on a neighbourhood scale

2. Under certain circumstances, requiring LEED certification for buildings represents a penalty to early adopters of DE a penalty to early adopters of DE a penalty to early adopters of DE a penalty to early adopters of DE (pre-fuel switch)

3. Vancouver is taking the city building approach by pursuing pursuing pursuing pursuing DE aggressively DE aggressively DE aggressively DE aggressively and working on better integrating DE effects on Green Building Policy


TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…

What role can the green building community play in city building?


1. Education / dialogue 1. Education / dialogue 1. Education / dialogue 1. Education / dialogue about city building about city building about city building about city building

42424242Photo Credit: Westbank

2. Better integrating2. Better integrating2. Better integrating2. Better integratingDE DE DE DE effects effects effects effects into LEED into LEED into LEED into LEED

Priority: Deal with the timing issues and stop penalizing early adopters

43434343Image credit: Howard Image credit: Howard Image credit: Howard Image credit: Howard WaismanWaismanWaismanWaisman

(some progress made, but still not enough)

3333. LEED for Infrastructure?. LEED for Infrastructure?. LEED for Infrastructure?. LEED for Infrastructure?

44444444Image credit: Jim LawrenceImage credit: Jim LawrenceImage credit: Jim LawrenceImage credit: Jim Lawrence

Thank youThank youThank youThank you

45454545

Gerard MacDonald Gerard MacDonald Gerard MacDonald Gerard MacDonald P P P P EngEngEngEng, LEED AP, LEED AP, LEED AP, LEED AP

Reshape StrategiesReshape StrategiesReshape StrategiesReshape Strategies

TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…TAKE OFF POINT FOR CONVERSATION…

What role can the green building community play in city building?

1) Participate in (and lead) the dialogue on city building beyond the building scale

2) Better integrate DE effects within LEED (in particular remove penalty for early adopters of DE)

3) LEED for Infrastructure?


LEVERAGING GREEN BUILDING POLICY FOR LEVERAGING GREEN BUILDING POLICY FOR LEVERAGING GREEN BUILDING POLICY FOR LEVERAGING GREEN BUILDING POLICY FOR CHEAPER AND DEEPER CARBON OUTCOMESCHEAPER AND DEEPER CARBON OUTCOMESCHEAPER AND DEEPER CARBON OUTCOMESCHEAPER AND DEEPER CARBON OUTCOMES

In Building Strategies

District Scale Strategies

Carbon Reductions[tonnes]

Carbon Abatement C

ost

[$/tonne]

$ Value

Cost of Carbon


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