Beyond digitalisation 2016-06-07

Digitalization of dependable cyber-physical systems

- new features and old challenges

Ivica Crnkovic [email protected]

Chalmers University of Technology, GothenburgICT Area of Advance@Chalmers

Ivica Crnkovic, VU Amsterdam, seminar 2

Digitalization

• Digitalization is integration of digital technologies into everyday life by the digitisation of everything that can be digitised (Businessdictionary.com).

• Digitization - Transformation of artifices, relations, processes, and methods in a digital form that can be used by computers, in which all advantages of computer processing can be utilised.

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Dependability

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System dependability is the ability of the system to justifiably deliver the expected functionality, fulfilling the functional and performance requirements, during its operational lifetime.

SECURITY


Dependable Cyber-Physical Systems

Example: car systems• A) Set of embedded systems

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• Example: Adaptive Cruise Controller


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• Cooperative cars


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What do we mean by digitalization here?

– Model- and software-driven development• Using digitized assets and software

methods & tools for system development

– Data-driven• System development and system

performance based on data collected (i.e. evidence) to optimize the development and system performance

– Value-driven• Find new values (system features &

business) based on digitalization16-06-06


Model- and software-driven development

• “softwareization” of non-software companies– Model-driven development & production

(Industrie 4.0 in the production) – Software development processes

• Continuous deployment while keeping dependability• Enabling experimentation and including end-users in an eco-

loop• Continuous optimization

– System product line with software methods (variability, component properties vs. system properties)

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Challenges: Model- and software-driven development

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new

SA - experimentation

New software architecture

SA - production

Old software architecture

Communication channels

new

new

Parallelexecution

Data collection


ImpliesIntegration of IoT – sensors & data fusionExtended communication meansData collection & storage (big data)Data analytics & visualisationAI and machine (deep) learning

Data-driven development• Information from the environment & information from the system

– Other cars– Other systems & sources of information (forecast, traffic)– Crowdsourcing– Different accuracy and availability

• Feedback & eco systems– System behavior/response– User experience

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Challenges: Data-driven development

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New IoT Data storage

cloud

Changes: System Architecture



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CPU to mCPU+GPE+FPGAECU

Changes: from many ECU to a few power-ECU



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New IoT Data storage

cloud

CPU to mCPU+GPE+FPGA

Software components deployment optimizationData optimization (communication and storage)Energy consumption optimization – foraging systems

ECU

Changes: System Architecture


Value-driven development• Extended functionality

– From petrol-driven to electricity-driven cars• Energy management

– System energy optimization (power, consumption)– Energy management logistic (battery loading or replacement)

– From human-driven to self-driving cars (autonomous cars)• New deep learning and machine learning algorithms

– 3D object recognitions– Cognitive and behavior sciences– SE methods for machine learning (version management,…)

• SAFETY aspects– Safety autonomous vs. autonomous– Safety autonomous vs. humans

• SECURITY aspects• Security impact on Safety• Ethical Issues

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Value-driven development• New business models– Managing resources without having them

–New relations between different businesses• Services using autonomous systems• Collective driving• Cars on demand• …

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Proposal (Swedish Industrial Research Center):: 5D –five dimensions of digitalisation

of complex dependable systems.

• 5D - Support in digitalisation of– Development– Production– Run-time – Business – Sustainability (safety, security, efficiency)

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Ivica Crnkovic, VU Amsterdam, seminar 1816-06-06

Digitalisation Support

1.Development Digitalisation

Software processes

Continuous deployment

Digital productLinesHMI

2.Evidence-

based System adaption

Big-data-based machine

learning and adaption

4.Digital

Security

Big-data-based Security for

adaptive /dynamically configurable

systems

5.Digital Safety

Safety for adaptive

/dynamically configurable

systems

6.Digital

Business Innovation

New business models, risks,

user needs

Industry Projects: Dynamic configurations, ”electrifications”, Logical/physical architectures – big-ECU, big-data collection, visualisation and HMI

3.Efficient

Processing and

communication

Efficient and secure data processing

and communication

Proposal – Industrial Research Centre


Conclusion

• Digitalization – revolution in development and use of products

• Digitalization of dependable CPs– Enormous challenges• Some of them known but must be developed for the

particular domains• Many new challenges• SE important for the support – new SE methods/tools

will be developed

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Beyond digitalisation 2016-06-07

Software

Transcript of Beyond digitalisation 2016-06-07