Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union...

Technological Educational Institute of Crete

Berlin, 8-12 May 2006

Gefördert durch die Europäische UnionPromoted by the European Union

THE EXPERIENCE OF DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS IN GREECE

By JOHN VOURDOUBASTEI OF CRETE




Due to the mild climatic conditions in Greece

(latitudes 35o-42o), there are few district heating

systems operating in Northern Greece

These are in Kozani & Ptolemaida, where we find the

most important power plants using lignite ( a form of

coal) as fuel.

Today, two more district heating systems are under

contruction in the towns of Aminteo and

Megalopolis.




They are using the rejected heat from the power

plants and the hot water in Kozani is transported in

a distance of 18 km until its final use. The first

district heating system in this city started operating

in 1993.




Taking 18oC as a basic temperature, the number of

heating degrees-days in northern Greece is above

1300, while in southern Greece below 900.

Apart from the few district heating systems in

Greece today, the cooling loads are almost

exclusively covered by electricity. There are no

district cooling systems in Greece.




Kozani’s district heating system serves more than 17.000 customers out of 55.000 citizens.

The total surface area heated is 1.625.000 m2, out of which 5% covers the public sector. The installed thermal power for serving the base load is 70 MWth.

The temperatures outgoing-return are 120oC-65oC respectively.




The total distribution network has a length of 285 km, and the company responsible for operating the system is the Municipal district heating company of Kozani.

The serving period is from October until the end of April.




The peak heating load exceeds 125 MWth, with

an annual demand of 230.000 MWh. The annual

amount of heat is produced by 90% in the lignite

power plant and by 10% in a 80 MWth peak load

unit using oil or LPG.




The transmission & distribution system is

consisted of a two-pipe system in closed

circulation. The pipes are installed in parallel, one

pipe for the supply of the hot water to the

consumers and the other pipe for the return of the

hot water for reheating. In each building there is a

thermal substation with indirect connection.




The selling price of thermal energy for companies’

consumers is about 65% of the heat energy using

heating oil. (before the rise of the oil prices).

The low cost results from the low cost energy

supplied from the Public Power Corporation.




FUEL TYPES USED FOR DOMESTIC HEATING IN GREECE (2000)

District heating 29,85

Briquettes 13,22

Firewood 15,34

Diesel 32,83

LPG 35,28

Natural Gas 45,06

FUEL TYPE COST EURO/ MWh




ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

It has been proved that the district heating system in Kozani has a significant contribution to the reduction of gas emissions during the winter period, particularly in smoke concentration and in SO2 concentration. There is also a reduction in CO2 emissions of 54,000 tn/year.




CONCLUSIONS

The operation of the DH system in Kozani contributed significantly to the reduction of gas and dust emissions.

Today, the operation of the DH system substitutes more than 20.000 tonnes oil equivalent per year.

For every resident, there is an annual saving of 70 Euros from the use of DH system instead of oil, which makes an annual saving of 2.900.000 Euros/ year for the city of Kozani.




Biomass also has been used in a small district heating plant in Nymfasia (Peloponnese) fuelled by forest residues.

This plant was equipped with a biomass boiler of 1,2 Gcal/h total capacity and covers the heat demand of 90 houses and public biuldings.




Thank you for your attention!

Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union...

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