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Benefits of Biomedical Research Contributions to Human and Animal Health.
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Transcript of Benefits of Biomedical Research Contributions to Human and Animal Health.
Benefits of Biomedical ResearchContributions to Human and Animal Health
Benefits of Biomedical Research
Heart-lung machine developed in 1950 after years of animal research
600,000 cardiac bypass operations in US every year
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Diabetes
● 26 million Americans have Diabetes● 7 million unaware they have the disease● Years of research means advances in treatment● New oral medications● New blood sugar monitoring devices● Insulin pumps● Research continues on transplanting pancreatic
cells
Benefits of Biomedical Research: CANCER
● Gene therapy- using DNA so cells can produce therapeutic protein
● Bone Marrow transplants were introduced in 1970
● Used to treat Leukemia ● 40,000 Bone Marrow transplant each year
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Vaccines
● Developed through biomedical research● Edward Jenner-1794 Smallpox Vaccine● Louis Pasteur- 19th Century-Vaccines for
Cholera, Anthrax, Rabies ● 1921 Diphtheria Vaccine● Salk and Sabin-1950’s -Polio Vaccine● Sabin- developed Polio administered orally on a
sugar cube
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Vaccines
● Chicken pox Vaccine - Varicella in 1995● Hepatitis B in 1989 ● Hepatitis A in 1995 ● Combined Hepatitis A & B in 2001
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Chemical/Pharmaceutical
● Fluoride-many countries add to it to H2O which helps decrease tooth decay
● Louis Pasteur first to develop principles of antibiotics
● Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin (PCN)
● 1941 the first Human trials on PCN● 1972 Cyclosporine=anti-rejection drug
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Chem/Rx cont
● Monoclonal Antibodies-protein secreted by B lymphocytes produce defense against infection● used in cancer research● used in AIDS research
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Devices/Surgery
● Pacemakers 1950’s● Angioplasty 1977● Organ transplantation● 1967 1st Heart Transplant-now 2000/year● 1954 1st Kidney Transplant-now 16,000/yr● 1963 1st Liver Transplant-now 6000/yr● Corneal Transplant
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Animal Health
● Advancing Animal Healtho artificial jointso pacemakers
● Keeping Pets Healthyo Amino acid deficiency and heart failure in cats
● Helping sick animalso new surgical techniqueso cancer treatments
Benefits of Biomedical Research
● Protecting farm animals● Providing Vaccines
o Parvoviruso Rabieso Distemper
● A future for our wildlifeo In Vitro fertilization to help endangered species
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Polio Success Story
● Poliomyelitis AKA Infantile Paralysis● it attacks spinal cord and destroys nerve
cells● 1952 peak year w/ 58,000 cases● Lungs affected=Iron Lung● 1955 Salk Vaccine introduced Polio vaccine● 1961 Sabin Vaccine introduced Oral Polio w/
97% reduction in new cases
Benefits of Biomedical Research: Polio Success Story
● 1988 WHO adopts global eradication of the disease by year 2000
● 2000 ACIP recommended D/C of oral polio vaccine and replaced by IPV
● 2005 Polio cases in a Minnesota Amish community, 1st cases since vaccine was D/C’d in 2000
Benefits of Biomedical Research: AIDS
● http://www.theaidsinstitute.org/education/aids-101/where-did-hiv-come-0