5th Grade ScienceMrs. LaRosa

Some images are from www.chem4kids.com

www.middleschoolscience.com 2008

Families on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal1 electron in the outer shellSoft and silvery metalsVery reactive, esp. with waterConduct electricityImage: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html

ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 22 electrons in the outer shellWhite and malleableReactive, but less than Alkali metalsConduct electricity

TRANSITION METALSGroups in the middle

Good conductors of heat and electricity.Some are used for jewelry.The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell.Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

BORON FAMILY Group 33 electrons in the outer shellMost are metalsBoron is a metalloid

CARBON FAMILY Group 44 electrons in the outer shellContains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal Carbon (C)

NITROGEN FAMILY Group 55 electrons in the outer shellCan share electrons to form compoundsContains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

OXYGEN FAMILY Group 66 electrons in the outer shellContains metals, metalloids, and non-metalsReactive

HalogensGroup 77 electrons in the outer shellAll are non-metalsVery reactive are often bonded with elements from Group 1

Noble GasesGroup 8Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the outer shell = FullHelium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = FullNot reactive with other elements

Rare Earth MetalsSome are RadioactiveThe rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals. Conduct electricity

The next guide is determining shells and valence electrons