COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

Petroleum Search Subsidy Acts

PUBLICATION No. 83

BASS BASIN, TASMANIA

Esso Bass No. 1 and No. 2 Wells

OF

ESSO EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION AUSTRALIA INC.

(formerly ESSO EXPLORATION AUSTRALIA INC.)

Published byBureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics, Canberra

and issued under the Authority of the Bon. R. W. SwartzMinister for National Development

1970

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

MINISTER: THE HON. R. W. SWARTZ, M.B.E., E.D., M.P.

SECRETARY: L. F. BOTT, D.S.C.

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES, GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

DIRECTOR: N. H. FISHER

THIS REPORT WAS PREPARED FOR PUBLICATION IN THE PETROLEUM EXPLORATION BRANCH

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR: L. W. WILLIAMS

Printed for the Government of the Commonwealth by W. G. MURRAY at theGovernment Printing Office, Canberra

FOREWORD

Under the Petroleum Search Subsidy Act 1959-1967. agreements relatingto subsidized operations provide that the information obtained may be published by theCommonwealth Government six months after the completion of field work.

The growth of the exploration effort has greatly increased the number ofsubsidized projects and this increase has led to delays in publishing the results ofoperations.

The detailed results of subsidized operations may be examined at the officeof the Bureau of Mineral Resources in Canberra (after the agreed period) and copies ofthe reports may be purchased.

In order to make the main results of operations available early, shortsummaries are being prepared for publication. These will be grouped by area and dateof completion as far as practicable. Drilling projects and geophysical projects will begrouped separately. In due course, full reports will be published concerning those oper­ations which have produced the more important new data.

This Publication contains summaries of data and results of two drillingoperations undertaken in the Bass Basin, Tasmania: Esso Bass No. 1 and Esso BassNo. 2. The information has been abstracted by the Petroleum Exploration Branch ofthe Bureau of Mineral Resources from well completion reports furnished by Esso Ex­ploration and Production Australia Inc. (formerly Esso Exploration Australia Inc).

N.H. FISHERDirector

CONTENTS

ESSO BASS NO. 1

SUMMARY

WELL HISTORY

GEOLOGY

ADDITIONAL DATA FILED IN THEBUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES

ESSO BASS NO. 2

SUMMARY

WELL HISTORY

GEOLOGY

REFERENCES

ADDITIONAL DATA FILED IN THEBUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES

ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURES

1

2

3

8

11

12

13

23

24

Figure 1

Figure 2 :

Figure 3

PLATES

Plate 1

Plate 2

Regional geological map, showing locationsof Esso Bass No. 1 and No. 2 wells

Estimated cross-sections before and afterdrilling Esso Bass No.l

Estimated cross-sections before and afterdrilling Esso Bass No.2

Composite well log, Esso Bass No. 1(3 sheets)

Composite well log, Esso Bass No. 2(2 sheets)

Frontispiece

Opposite p. 6

Opposite p. 21

At back of report

At back of report

ESSO BASS NO. 1

of

ESSO EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION AUSTRALIA INC.(formerly ESSO EXPLORATION AUSTRALIA INC.)

SUMMARY OF DATA AND RESULTS

/

100,

//

._.-/'II._--\

~------~"""'~---~-38°

GEOLOGIC MAP OF

BASS BASIN AND ADJACENT AREAS

(o",plltd horn TttlOlllC MaD of ''''''folio onO,OII'l., publlClliOft.

IlILES

o!

~llIO B".-I ~EI'O B.u-1

ILEGEND \

0'1 "01.Te,tiary "dim,n" (PQI'OC"'t- PhOCfftlincludn thln QuottrnD', _alill)

PoI'Octn. - Eottn. folconlU

Pha"". - P~lllocen. voaeanics

JI,UO"ic-C'.tOCfOU1 .......tl

P'Jt-Jufonic fOth

P,ltOlrum l,nfmrM bounclor)'

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Figure 1

ESSO BASS NO. 1

SUMMARY OF DATA AND RESULTS*

SUMMARY

Esso Bass No. 1 Well was drilled by Global Marine Australasia pty Ltd.using "Glomar Ill", for Esso Exploration Australia Inc., in Tasmanian waters of theoffshore Bass Basin. about 88 miles east of King Island. The well was spudded on21 July 1965, reached total depth of 7717 feet on 8 September. and was plugged and aband­oned on 14 September 1965. A full programme of logging and coring was undertaken.

The Bass Basin, lying entirely between Victoria and Tasmania, covers anarea of approximately 25.000 square miles. From magnetic data. it was inferred to con­tain a thick sedimentary section; from seismic data and extrapolated regional ge?logy.the sedimentary section was thought to include Tertiary sediments favourable for petrol­eum generation and accumulation. The well was thus designed to gain stratigraphicinformation on the Tertiary and upper part of the Mesozoic sedimentary section in thenorth central Bass Basin. and. in particular. to test the petroleum potential of a postulatedreef-type anomaly in the Miocene section.

Esso Bass No. 1 was drilled on a seismic anomaly thought to indicate aTertiary carbonate reef complex. but later found to consist of pyroclastics. No structuralclosure was anticipated or encountered. The section penetrated in Bass No. 1 consistedof Miocene, Oligocene, and Eocene-Paleocene sediments, including pyroclastics, to 6380feet, and Paleocene sands and shales to total depth at 7717 feet. No commercial hydro­carbons were logged, and the well was abandoned without testing.

The stratigraphic drilling operation at Esso Bass No. 1 Well was subsidizedunder the Petroleum Search Subsidy Act 1959-1964. from sea bed to total depth.

* Abstracted from: Well Completion Report, Esso Bass No. I, Tasmania, by EssoExploration Australia Inc., December, 1965.

1

WELL HISTORY

General Data

Well name and number:

Location:

Name and address of Operator:

Name and address of TenementHolder:

Details of Petroleum Tenement:

Total Depth:

Date drilling commenced:

Date drilling completed:

Date rig released:

Elevation:

Permanent Datum:Rotary Table:Depth of Water:

Status:

Total Cost:

Drilling Data

Drilling Plant:

Make:Type:

Esso Bass No. 1

Latitude 390

46 '18"S.Longitude 145

044'03"E.

Esso Exploration Australia Inc.,71-79 Macquarie Street,SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Haematite Explorations Fty Ltd,500 Bourke Street,MELBOURNE, VICTORIA

E.L. 1/60 issued by the State of Tasmania,and covering an area of 25,134 square miles

7717 r~~t

21 July 1965

8 September 1965

14 September 1965

Mean Sea Level31 feet above M.S.L. (datum for depths)265 feet

Plugged and abandoned

$851,989

National1625 DE

Hole sizes and depths: 36 in.26 in.17 l!2in.12 l!4in.

8 5/8in.

2

to 424 ftto 820 ftto 2304 ftto 7692 ftto 7717 ft (T.D.)

Casing details:

Size (in.):Weight (lb.!ft):Grade:Setting depth (ft):

Logging and Testing

Ditch Cuttings:

30310/196B398

20129B768

13 3"s54

J.55 Butt2258

Interval:

Coring:

Sidewall Cores:

Electric and other logging(Schlumberger):

Ten feet while drilling and five feet while coring.

Fifteen cores were cut using Christensen coringequipment with both drag type and diamond corebits. A total of 393 feet was cored and 319 feet(81.2%) recovered.

Seventeen sidewall samples were recovered fromthe interval 4160 to 7570 feet.

Induction-Electrical Log: 770-7708 feet (4 runs)

Sonic-Gamma Ray - Caliper 770-7696 feet (4 runs)Log:

Microlaterolog: 770-7704 feet (4 runs)

Continuous Dipmeter: 770-7680 feet (3 runs)

Velocity Survey:

Drilling Time and Gas Log:

Formation Testing:

Deviation Survey:

General

A velocity survey was carried out at totaldepth over the interval 2210 to 7671 feet.

Continuous drilling rate and mud-gas detectorlogs (hot wire and chromatograph) were runduring drilling.

No testing was undertaken.

Regular readings were taken with a Totco in­strug'lent during drilling. Maximum hole deviationof 2 was recorded a~ 5328 feet. At total depth,the deviation was 1 1/4 .

GEOLOGY

A summary of the history of exploration, regional geology, and generalisedstratigraphy of the Bass Basin is given on pages 13 to 17.

3

Stratigraphy

General:

The stratigraphic sequence encountered in Esso Bass No. 1 Well is shown inthe following Table. The succession W:lS based on lithology, palaeontology, and log analysis.

Cuttings were not collected above 860 feet, and it is not known in what format­ion the well was spudded. Below 860 feet it penetrated Miocene, Oligocene, Eocene, andPaleocene sediments and bottomed in Paleocene at 7717 feet.

Age Lithology Depth Intervals Thickness(feet) (feet)

Upper-mid- Calcarenite 860-1950 1090+Miocene

Mtd-Miocene Calcareous mudstone 1950-2214 264Marl and calcareous 2214-2535 321mudstone

Miocene Tuffite 2535-3090 555

Lower Miocene Shale 3090-3775 685

Oligocene Shale and sandstone 3775-4020 245Tufflte 4020-4260 240Shale, siltstone, and 4260-5377 1117sandstone

Eocene Shale, siltstone 5377-5935 558

Eocene- Paleocene Sandstone, siltstone, 5935-6380 445and shale

Paleocene Sandstone, siltstone, 6380-7717 (T.D.) 1337+shale, and coal

Detailed:

Miocene: 860 to 3775 feet (2915 feet+)

860 to 1950 feet:

1950 to 2?l4 feet:

2214 to 2535 feet:

Calcarenite: loosely consolidated, light grey,fine to medium-grained, made up chiefly ofcalcareous fossil fragments, bryozoa, pelecypods,gastropods, and foramlnifera, with a slightlyargillaceous micritic matrix.

Calcarenlte: as above, and Calcareous Mudstone:light grey-green, soft, non-fissile, very fossilif­erous, very few carbonaceous flecks.

Predominantly Calcareous Mudstone as aboveand Mar!.

4

2535 to 3090 feet:

3090 to 3775 feet:

Tuffite: grey-green, mottled, buff and light grey­brown, soft and crumbly; lapilli and bombs of veryfine-fSrained, soft, light brown-grey tuffite ingreen-grey, coarse fragmental matrix (zeoliteminerals).

Shale (mudstone): medium grey, very slightlycalcareous, slightly silty, microml caceous,fossiliferous, few pyrite nodules.

Oligocene: 3775 to 5377 feet (1602 feet)

3775 to 3845 feet:

3845 to 3965 feet:

3965 to 4020 feet:

4020 to 5352 feet:

5352 to 5377 feet:

Dolomitic Sandstone: buff, light brownish-grey,tight and compact, argillaceous, tuffaceous (?):

and very argillaceous Dolomite, buff to lightbrown-grey. No porosity.

Shale: medium grey, slightly calcareous withcarbonaceous necks, fosslllferous, pelecypods,protozoa (foraminifera).

Sandstone (silty): light grey, fine-grained, fairlywell sorted, dolomltic and calcareous. Nil to verylow porosity.

Shale (mudstone): mottled medium grey-brown togrey, very fossiliferous, calcareous, slightlysandy and silty, few scattered grains glauconiteand fine, disseminated, black carbonaceousmaterial; and Siltstone: very argillaceous,brown to grey, soft, crumbly, calcareous, micro­micaceous, pyritic, carbonaceous flecks as above.

Sandstone: buff to light brown to grey, fine tocoarse-grained, very poorly sorted, tuffaceous,pyritic, calcareous, soft and crumbly, subangularto well-rounded, clear and light grey quartz sandgrains, and well- rounded, grey to green, volcanicgrains; dolomitic in part. Low porosity.

Eocene: 5377 to 5935 feet (558 feet)

5377 to 5935 feet: Silty Mudstone: chocolate-brown to grey, softand non-fissile, micromicaceous, slightly calcar­eous, fossiliferous, occasionally dolomitic, verypyritic, carbonaceous flecks as above. Occasionalgrains of grey to green and dark green volcanicmineral.

Eocene-Paleocene: 5935 to 6380 feet (445 feet)

5935 to 6380 feet:' Alternating sandstone, siltstone, and shale.Sandstone: light grey to light brown to grey, fineto medium-grained, usually fairly well sorted,subangular to subrounded, occasionally conglom­eratic, kaollnitic in part, generally good porosity,permeability in part reduced by kaol1nitic andargillaceous matrix; small scale cross-beddingin part.

5

Siltstone: brown to grey to light brown-grey,argillaceous, sandy, carbonaceous flecks; grad­ational into very fine and fine, quartzose sandstoneas above.Shale: dark brown to grey, medium grey, sllty inpart, occasionally with light grey,very finET-grainedsand lenses, carbonaceous flecks, worm burrows.

Paleocene: 6380 to 7717 feet (T.D.) (1337 feet+)

6380 to 7717 feet:

Structure

Sandstone, Siltstone, and Shale as above, withabundant coal, black and brown, brittle withconchoidal fracture.The Eocene- Paleocene sand top is picked from theMicrolaterolog. Although the section from 5935feet to total depth is lithologically similar, thereare a few differences on which the Paleocene tophas been picked at 6380 feet, viz:

(i) The sands present from 5935 to 6380 feet aregenerally slightly coarser than those below6380 feet.

(ii) Tilere is no coal present in the section from5935 to 6380 feet, whereas coal bands arepresent from 6380 feet to total depth.

(lii) Seismic evidence indicates the presence of anunconformity at the edges of the basin whichcorrelates into the well at about 6400 feet.

Esso Bass No. 1 was designed primarily to test the petroleum potential of aseismic anomaly interpreted as a reef in the Miocene section. This abrupt seismic"build-up", the most basinward of a group of similar anomalies, covers an area of somethree square miles with a maximum relief of900 feet. Apart from local draping over thefeature, the anomaly is not associated with any structural closure.

Drilling of the well proved this initial seismic interpretation of structure tobe essentially correct. However, the seismic anomaly, originally postulated as a carbonatereef complex, was in fact pyroclastic material.

In cores below 6000 feet small-scale current bedding was present. The reg­ional dip in these sediments is shown from the dipmeter survey to be about one degreetowards the south.

Relevance to Occurrence of Petroleum

Esso Bass No. 1 achieved its primary objective of evaluating the petroleumpotential of an abrupt seismic "build-up", originally postulated as a carbonate reefcomplex. This anomaly, one of a group of similar anomalies found in the Miocene sectionthroughout the basin, was found to be tuffite.

In addition, the well prOVided stratigraphic information of considerable valuein assessing the petroleum potential of the basin as a whole. Of significance was the thick

6

Fig. 2

SECTION BEFORE DRILLING SECTION AFTER DRILLING

-3000 r-,..<..

. --i

0-4000 z

Z

..,,..-5000 ,..

--i

-1000

-6000

-2000

-7000

NORTH

SEALEVEL

ESSO BASS-I

-9-II

QUATERNARYPlIOCENE+1

UPPER MIOCENE

t 1

MIO-MIOCENE -

~ '/~'\

/. TfJFFITE -'\. .,../'\..~

LOWER IMIOCENE

.. ---r-__

I--TuFf/TE .-----=><:::.-_-

OllGOCENE

EOCENE -'PALEOCENE

~

~

UPPER C1ETACEOUS

T. D~ -7686'

-7000

-2000

-4000

-6000

-3000

-5000

-1000

NORTH SOUTH

SEALEVEL

ESSO BASS-I(Proposed).

I

QUATERNARYPlIOCENE

PlIOCENE- MIOCENE

REEF?

-MIOCENE (1)

-

---OllGOCENE ('1)

~

EOCENE (1)

I

-1000

-7000

-3000

-6000

-2000

-4000

SOUTH

SEALEVEL

-5000

ESSO EXPLORATION AUST. INe

CROSS - SECTIONS BEFORE AND AFTER DRILLING

ESSO BASS-I

I 0iiiioL

MILES

Figure 2

Tertiary section favourable for the generation and accumulation of hydrocarbons. In thisregard the following relevant Information was obtained:

(i) A thick section of marine shales was present in the Ollgocene andEocene providing a possible hydrocarbon source.

(ii) Sandstone of Eocene- Paleocene age of sufficient thickness, porosity,and permeability to provide a commercial hydrocarbon reservoir waspresent.

Porosity and Permeability of Sediments Penetrated

The only rocks in Esso Bass No. 1 exhibiting good reservoir characteristicsand In a favourable position stratigraphlcally are the sandstones from 5935 feet to totaldepth. Electric log analysis indicates that the porosity of these rocks ranges from approx­imately 20 to 35 percent - these values correspond favourably to core analysis where coresare available. Measured permeabilities range to 161 millidarcies.

Contribution to Geological Concepts Resulting from Drilling

Contributions to the knowledge of this region of offshore Australia by thedrilling of Esso Bass No. 1 are:

(I) The well has established the presence in the Bass Basin of 6857 + feet ofstrata of marine, non-marine, and volcanic origin of Tertiary age.

(ii) The "reef' type carbonate build up as originally postulated was foundto be volcanic tufflte.

(!ii) The most interesting rocks exhibiting good reservoir characteristicsare the sandstones encountered below 5935 feet, of Eocene and Paleo­cene age.

(iv) Ollgocene and Eocene sedlments exhibit good source rock characteristics.

(v) The section penetrated indicates that the basin Is primarily a Tertiaryfeature as previously thought.

(vi) From late Eocene to upper Miocene time marine conditions prevailed inthe Bass Basin.

(vii) The drilling of Esso Bass No. 1 has provided the first stratlgraphic tiewith seismic data of the Tertiary and pre-Tertiary series present in thewell.

7

ADDITIONAL DATA FILED IN THE BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES

The following additional data relevant to Esso Bass No. 1 Well have beenfiled in the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Canberra, and are available for reference:

(i) Well Completion Report, by Esso Exploration Australia Inc. 14 pp.

Appendix 1 Palaeontological Report, by 14 pp.D.J. Taylor

Appendix 2 Palynological Report, by 2 pp.J.G. Douglas

Appendix 3 Log Interpretation, by Esso 1 p.Exploration Australia Inc.

Appendix 4 Core Descriptions and Analyses 7 pp.

Appendix 5 Velocity Survey Report, by 6 pp.W.C. Crealey

Appendix 6 Petrological Report 2 pp.

(ii) Daily drilling reports for the period 16 July 1965 to 14 September 1965.

(Hi) Schlumberger well logs including the following:

(a) Induction-Electrical Log

Run I,Run 2,Run 3,Run 4,

770 - 2300 feet (scale'!' ,5" : 100 ft)

2:>63 - 4001 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)3801 - 6407 feet (scale'!' ,5" : 100 ft)5900 - 7708 feet (scale'!' ,5" : 100 ft)

(h) Sonic-Gamma Ray-Caliper Log

Run I,Run 2,Run 3,Run 4,

770 - 2280 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)

2267 - 3998 feet (scale'!' ,5" : 100 ft)

2263 - 6398 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)6198 - 7696 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)

(c) Microlaterolog

Run I,Run 2,Run 3,Run 4,

770 - 2300 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)

2261 - 4000 feet (scale 2" ,5" : 100 ft)

3800 - 6407 feet (scak 2" ,5" : 100 ft)

6207 - 7704 feet iscale '1' ,5" : 100 ft)

(d) Continuous Dlpmeter

Run I, "10 - 2301 feet (scale 2" : 100 ft)

(With data sheets)Run. 2, 2:>61 - 4402 feet (scale'!' : 100 ft)

(with data sheets)P.un 3, 2:>63 - 7680 feet (scale 2" : lOO ft)

(with data sheets)

8

7816/67-2

ESSO BASS NO. 2

of

ESSO EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION AUSTRALIA INC.(formerly ESSO EXPLORATION AUSTRALIA INC.)

SUMMARY OF DATA AND RESULTS

9

ESSO BASS NO. 2

SUMMARY OF DATA AND RESULTS*

SUMMARY

Esso Bass No. 2 Well was located about 31 1/4 miles east-south-east ofBass No. I, in the offshore Bass Basin, Tasmania. It was drilled for Esso ExplorationAustralia Inc., by Global Marine Australasia Pty Ltd, using the 26B-foot drilling vessel"Glomar rrr'. The well was spudded on 14 April 1966, reached total depth of 5910 feet on21 May, and was plugged and abandoned on 25 May 1966. A full programme of coringand logging was undertaken. .

Esso Bass No. 2 was drilled on the crest of a closed seismic anticlinalstructure which persisted from basement to the top of the Oligocene. The section drilledconsisted of Tertiary sediments ranging from upper Miocene to Paleocene down to 5511feet; possibly Mesozoic trachyte to 5767 feet; and altered mudstone, thought to beMesozoic, to total depth of 5910 feet. No hydrocarbons were encountered in the well andno testing was undertaken.

The two offshore wells drilled in the Bass Basin have proven the prospectivenature of the section in the Basin, but no indications of hydrocarbons were observed duringthe operations.

The stratigraphic drilling operation at Esso Bass No. 2 Well was subsidizedunder the Petroleum Search Subsidy Act 1959-1964, from sea bed to total depth.

* Abstracted from: Well Completion Report, Esso Bass No. 2, Tasmania, by EssoExploration Australia Inc., June, 1966.

11

WELL HISTORY

General Data

Well name and number:

Location:

Name and address of Operator:

Name and address of TenementHolder:

Details of Petroleum Tenement:

Total Depth:

Date drilling commenced:

Date drilling completed:

Date rig released:

Elevation:

Permanent Datum:Rotary Table:Depth of Water:

Status:

Total Cost:

Drilling Data

Drilling Plant:

Make:Type:

Esso Bass No. 2

Latitude 390

53'09"S.Longitude 146

018'15"E.

Esso Exploration Australia Inc.,71-79 Macquarie Street.SYDNEY. N.S. W.

Haematite Explorations pty Ltd,500 Bourke Street,MELBOURNE, VICTORIA.

E,L. 1/60 issued by the State of Tasm~nia

5910 feet

14 April 1966

21 May 1966

25 May 1966

Mean Sea Level31 feet above M.S.L. (datum for depths)280 feet

Plugged and abandoned

$712,213

National1625 DE

Hole sizes and depths:

Casing details:

Size (in,):Weight (lb./ft):Grade:Setting depth (ft):

36 in.26 in.171;2 in.121/4 in.

30310/196B404

12

to 420 ftto 850 ftto 2100 ftto 5910 ft (T.D,)

20129/105/167B817

13 3,1l54,5J,552100

Logging and Testing

Ditch Cuttings:Interval:

Coring:

Sidewall Cores:

Thirty feet from 850 to 2000 feet, and tenfeet from 2000 feet to total depth while drill­ing, and five feet while coring.

Ten cores were cut using Christensen coringequipment with both drag type and diamondcore bits. A total of 319 feet was cored and233 feet (73%) recovered.

Fourteen sidewall samples were recoveredfrom the interval 3345 to 5468 feet usingSchlumberger C.S.T. equipment.

Electric and other logging(Schlumberger):

Induction-Electrical Log: 822-5907 feet (3 runs)

Sonic-Gamma Ray-Caliper Log: 822-5904 feet (2 runs)

Microlaterolog: 822-5532 feet (2 runs)

Continuous Dipmeter: 822-5910 feet (3 runs)

Velocity Survey:

Drilling Time and Gas Log:

Formation Testing:

Deviation:

History of Exploration

Seven horizons were tested between 2070 and5413 feet.

Continuous drilling rate and mud-gas detectorlogs (hot wire and chromatograph) were runduring drilling.

No testing was undertaken.

Regular readings were taken with a Totcoinstrument during drilling. Maximum holedeviation was 2

0•

GEOLOGY

Before the completion of Esso Bass No. I, the Bass Basin was virtuallyunknown geologically. No wells had been drilled in the Basin, and wells drilled in theadjacent OtW3.Y and Gippsland Basins were so far away that they provided information ofregional significance only. Reconnaissance surface geological investigations of the veryfew Upper Tertiary outcrop areas around the margins of this offshore basin, made bygovernment agencies and Esso geologists, are only of limited value.

Geophysical information however, was somewhat more detailed. HaematiteExplorations Pty Ltd had made aeromagnetic and reconnaissance seismic surveys overthe Basin in 1961 and 1963. Esso Exploration completed a more detailed seismic surveyin 1965.

13

The geophysical data, combined with extrapolated regional geology, indicatedthe Basin to be primarily of Cainozoic depositional origin, covering an area of some25,000 square miles, containing a sedimentary section some 12,000 feet thick in thecentre. Possibly this section included Tertiary marine sediments favourable forpetroleum 'generation and accumulation. Of the prospects outlined by the Haematiteseismic survey, the reef-like anomalies were deemed the most interesting, and afterdetailed seismic work by Esso, the Esso Bass No. 1 Well was located at the apex of oneof these anomalies. The anomalies proved to be of volcanic origin. Esso Bass No. 2was located at the crest of an anticlinal feature about 32 miles east-south-east of EssoBass No. 1.

Regional and Historical Geology

The Bass Basin lies at the southern end of the Palaeozoic Tasman Geosyn­cline whose rocks probably exceed 25,000 feet in thickness on the Mornington Peninsula,north of the Basin (Keble, 1950). The strata range in age from Cambrian to Carboniferousand consist of folded, faulted, and intruded, marine to non-marine, sedimentary, meta­morphic, and extrusive and intrusive igneous, rocks. Similar complex rocks, tens ofthousands of feet thick, and more than 25,000 feet of Precambrian sedimentary and meta­morphic rocks occur in Tasmania. It is logical to expect the Bass Basin to be underlainby these rocks, extending downwards from shallow depths at the basin edge, and from12,000 feet in its deepest part.

The Bass Basin is essentially a Cainozoic basin, although it may containPermian, Triassic, Jurassic, and Lower-Middle Cretaceous rocks between the relativelyundisturbed Tertiary above and complexly folded and intruded pre-Permian rocks below.Permlan "tillites" are known from small outcrops along the northern Tasmanian coastline.These may extend northward for some distance into the Bass Basin. The Triassic isrepresented by sandstone and shale with minor conglomerate and coal in Tasmania, andby minor glacial beds in Victoria. The Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous, generally non-marine,Otway Group occurs in the Gippsland and Otway Basins, and may be present in the BassBasin.

During the Paleocene and Eocene, gentle regional downwarping occurred inthe Gippsland and Otway Basins and similar downwarp occurred in the Bass Basin.Tasmania remained a positive area. Volcanism and lava flows were abundant from thewestern part of Gippsland westward to the eastern part of Otway. Similarly, a few smallflows occurred in Tasmania. No volcanic rocks of this age were deposited in the axialpart of the Bass Basin (at the Esso Bass No. 1 location). During this time in the BassBasin peat, clay, sand, silt, and gravel were deposited under widespread swamp conditions.During the lower and middle Eocene occasional thin marine sediments may have beenintercalated with these non-marine rocks. Upper Eocene time saw a change in sedimentaryconditions from non-marine to restricted marine.

Uplift and slight deformation took place in Gippsland after deposi!ion of theEocene coal measures. Deposition apparently was continuous during this time in theOtway Basin. In the Bass Basin, however, there is seismic evidence of local uncon­formity at the top of the Eocene towards the basin margins.

During the Oligocene and Miocene, marine conditions prevailed in theBass Basin with deposition of fossiliferous limestone, calcareous mudstone, marl, andminor siltstone beds. Local angularity beneath the Oligocene-Miocene contact on seismicsections indicates minor regression at thebeginningofMiocene time. Outcrops of mainlyMiocene skeletal limestone and some marine fossiliferous siltstone occur at and near thepresent edges of the Bass Basin in Tasmania and Victoria.

14

In the south-western part of the Bass Basin (in the vicinity of ThreeHummock Island), and in the northern half of the basin, tuffite cones of upper Oligoceneand lower Miocene age indicate tectonic activity during this period.

During the Pliocene, the marine transgression reached the end of its fullcycle in Gippsland and atway. During middle Pliocene time, these areas, and also theenUre Bass Strait region, were subjected to uplift, probably accompanied by somegentle deformation and faulting. Volcanism and outpouring of lava were widespread inTasmania and west-central Victoria.

The sea in general regressed to its present limits during late Pliocene andPleistocene time.

Generalised Stratigraphy of the Bass Basin

Palaeozoic Rocks:

Palaeozoic sediments (marine to non-marine), metamorphics, and igneousintrusive and extrusive rocks are believed to comprise "economic" basement in thegreater Bass Strait region.

This was so in the Mesozoic-Tertiary atway Basin where two wells(Fergusons Hill No. 1 and Pretty Hill No. 1) reached the Palaeozoic, and in the GippslandBasin where the Arco Southwest Bairnsdale No. 1, Duck Bay No. 1,and other wells reachedLower Palaeozoic basement. Hence it is reasonable to expect that a similar Palaeozoicbasement will be found in the Bass Basin.

Mesozoic Rocks:

Mesozoic rocks occur at the surface in both Victoria and Tasmania. Theyhave been penetrated or encountered in many wells in the atway and GippslandBasins.In onshore Gippsland, more than 8600 feet of the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous atwayGroup have been drilled. This Group consists of non-marine feldspathic sandstone,chloritic greywacke, siltstone, mudstone, and carbonaceous shale, with fossil plants andthin black coal seams. In the atway Basin, the Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks have amaximum composite thickness of 15,000 feet. They consist of several marine and non­marine formations comprised of siltstone, sandstone, and greywacke, with lesser amountsof conglomerate, mudstone, and coal. Plant fragments, spores, and foraminifera arepresent.

Some thin non-marine Triassic rocks are present in west-central Victoria.In Tasmania the only known Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are of Triassic age. Theyconsist of 1500 to 2000 feet of lacustrine and fluviatile proto-quartzites, lithic arenites,lutytes, minor fine-grained conglomerates, and coal beds (Spry and Banks, 1962),

The volcanic association occurring at the bottom of Esso Bass No. 2 (from5511 to 5910 feet) is possibly of Mesozoic age. It may be correlative with the widespreadJurassic dolerite of Tasmania.

Tertiary Rocks:

Paleocene-Eocene: The basal Tertiary section encountered by drilling in theBass Basin is deltaic. This unit is the principal reservoir objective in the basin. Itsdistribution is largely controlled by the boundary fault systems, with the bulk of the

15

sediment confined to central downdropped portions ofthe basin. The sequence may overlapthe Mornington-King Island basement ridge to the north-east and be in part continuous withthe Easternview Coal Measures. It is made up of interbedded sandstone, siltstone, shale,and coal, all of dominantly continental origin. Sparse microplankton were noted in coresfrom Esso Bass No. 1 Well suggesting that paralic and/or marine conditions prevailed inthe central part of the basin during the deposition of this interval.

The sequence was 1782 feet thick in Esso Bass No. 1 Well and 1673 feetthick in Esso Bass No. 2. It lies unconformably on economic basement and is transitionalinto the overlying marine sequence.

A persistent seismic reflecting horizon occurs near the top of this sequence(at 6380 feet in Esso Bass No. 1) and local angularity beneath this reflection has led tothe interpretation of an unconformable surface within the deltaic section. In Esso BassNo. 1, the beds lying above this supposed unconformity show a transition from coal andcoarse sand upwards through fine sand, to carbonaceous silty mudstone of restrictedmarine origin. The seismic reflection occurs at 4495 feet in Esso Bass No. 2 and thebeds on either side are of similar lithological type. In Esso Bass No. 2 the transitionfrom coarse sandstone to silty mudstone of marine origin is abrupt at 3838 feet.

Upper Eocene: Upper Eocene siltstones and shales, of marine origin, liewith apparent conformity upon miu-Euuene awl uIJ.8r rOu(;k5, of 0011tii113iital vrigiu., in thecentral part of the Bass Basin where the thickness reaches 550 feet. There is an uncon­formity (based on seismic evidence) near the top of the marine Eocene sequence. Thesequence is correlative with the Demon's Bluff Formation of the Anglesea area, Victoria(Taylor, 1966).

Oligocene: The Oligocene in the Bass Basin is as much as 2000+ feetthick in the axial part of the Basin. The sediments extend throughout the basin properand overlap the basin margin in the north-west, over the Mornington-King Island "high".and possibly to the east, over the basement ridge which extends from Wilsons Promontoryto north-eastern Tasmania.

The base of the marine Oliogocene sequence in the central Bass Basin ismarked by a thin (25 feet in Esso Bass No. 1) tuffaceous, poorly sorted, tight sandstone.The remainder of the section is made up of argillaceous siltstone, silty mudstone, andminor sandstone. Two hundred and forty feet of pyroclastic tuffite were encountered inthe upper part of the section at the Esso Bass No. 1 location.

In Esso Bass No. 2, the Oligocene is represented by 632 feet of marinesandstone, siltstone, and shale, and the basal sand at this locality has thickened to 328 feet.

A small late Oligocene volcanic build-up is present to the south-west of theEsso Bass No. 2 location, but the well did not penetrate this section. The top of theOligocene is marked by a tuffaceous sandstone, 62 feet thick, which apparently representsan offshore bar associated with the volcanic interval to the south-west.

Miocene: At least 3000 feet of Miocene rocks were drilled in the Esso BassNo. 1 Well from the 20-inch casing shoe to a depth of 3775 feet. The lower Miocene isfossiliferous, calcareous shale, overlain by a thick (555 feet) tuffite interval; the mid­Miocene is marl, calcareous mudstone, and skeletal calcarenite, and the upper Mioceneis skeletal calcarenite.

16

A similar section, with the exception of the tuffite, is seen in Esso BassNo. 2. Also, quartzose sand grains are much more evident in the interval from 1400 to2164 feet in Esso Bass No. 2.

Pliocene- Pleistocene: Strata of Pliocene- Pleistocene age were not observedduring the drilling of the Esso Bass No. 1 Well. Doubtless, strata of this age lie withinthe interval drilled prior to setting 20-inch casing (0 to 768 feet). It is considered that asimilar situation exists in the surface hole of Esso Bass No. 2.

Detailed Stratigraphy

The succession in Esso Bass No. 2 Well, shown below, is based on lithology,palaeontology, and log analysis. These units can be tied to seismic marker reflectionswhich can be traced across the basin. At this stage, no formation names have beenapplied to the units.

Upper and middleMiocene andyounger

Lithology Depth Intervals(feet)

Calcarenite (and some 850-2164quartz sand)

Thickness(feet)

1314+

Middle and lowerMiocene

Oligocene

Upper Eocene

Middle andlower Eocene

Paleocene (?)

Unknown(possiblyMesozoic)

Unknown(possiblyMesozoic)

Calcareous mudstone

Mudstone, siltstoneand sandstone

Argillaceous silt­stone

Sandstone, siltstone,and coal

Sandstone, siltstone,and coal

Altered "trachyte"(volcanics)

Altered mudstone(tuffaceous)

2164-2986

2986-3618

3618-3838

3838-4495

4495-5511

5511-5767

5767-5910 IT.D.)

822

632

220

657

1016

256

143+

Miocene: 850 to 2986 feet (2136 feet +)

850 to 2164 feet: Coarse Calcarenite: (or bryozoan biomicrudite),light grey, fine to very coarse-grained: madeup largely of assorted calcareous fossil debris(bryozoa, echinoids, pelecypods or lamellibranchsand foraminifera). The rock is loosely consoli­dated. Trace of glauconite , pyrite, and very minor

17

2164 to 2986 feet:

carbonaceous flecks and grains. The intervalfrom 1400 to 2164 feet contains varying amountsof quartz sand grains which are generally fine­grained, subangular to well rounded; these grainsare clear, white, light grey, grey, and in somecases translucent. A minor amount of marly ormicritic matrix is evident throughout the interval.

Calcareous Mudstone: light grey-green and grey­green, very soft and plastic, micromicaceous inpart, with very sparse carbonaceous flecks. Theinterval is fossiliferous containing abundantforaminifera, echinoids, bryozoa, and pelecypodfragments. It contains relatively sparse calcar­eous pyrite nodules. The bottom twenty feet ofthis interval contains abundant grains of glau­conite.

Oligocene: 2986 to 3618 feet (632 feet)

2986 to 3048 feet:

3048 to 3290 feet:

3290 to 3618 feet:

Silty Sandstone: light olive-grey, very fine tomedium-grained, very argillaceous, calcareous,soft, friable, very glauconitic. Pyrite, as finee'_!hedr"] ..,rystals and pyritized fossil fra~entsand worm impressions; with minor quartzosematerial; fossiliferous, including foraminifera,bryozoa, and pelecypods. Becomes more argill­aceous and silty towards bottom of interval; thinbrown-grey, argillaceous lenses up to one­quarter inch thick parallel to bedding. No apparentdip. No effective porosity or permeability.

Silty Mudstone: light olive-grey, fairly soft,plastic, waxy, micromicaceous, calcareous andpyritic; the pyrite occurs finely disseminated andas pyritized fossil fragments. Contains fossilsas in the above interval. The interval grades inpart to argillaceous siltstone.

Silty Sandstone: grey and buff, fine and medium­grained, angular to rounded, fairly well sorted,quartzose, very tough and compact, dolomitic, andin part calcareous cement. Abundant grains ofglauconite, tuffaceous, and much finely dissemin­ated pyrite. Sparsely dolomitized fossil fragments(foraminifera). Minor mineral fluorescence, dullyellow.Sandstone: brown-grey, mottled, fine to medium­grained, angular to rounded, fairly well-sorted,quartzose, very loose and unconsolidated. Anundolomitized version of the above sandstone.Argillaceous and tuffaceous matrix, with fairlyabundant clear mica flakes, approx. 0: 2mm acrossContains sparse foraminifera.Too soft for core analysis.This interval grades in part to siltstone.

18

Upper Eocene: 3618 to 3838 feet (2?O feet)

3618 to 3838 feet: Argillaceous Siltstone: chocolate to brown-grey,moderately well compacted, fine irregular bandedappearance in hand specimen and massive. Con­tains much pyrite, finely disseminated, as dis­crete lens-like nodules up to one-sixteenth inchthick, and pyritized foraminiferal fragments.Lenses of very fine-grained pyritic sandstone upto one-quarter inch thick.Occasional quartz sand grains, fine to mediumsize, argillaceous, micromicaceous, and withfairly abundant flecks of clear mica up to 0.3 mmacross. Non-calcareous: much fine fossiliferousdebris locally (dolomitized).Non-carbonaceous; no dip, no hydrocarbon odour,no fluorescence, no cut.Dolomitic Siltstone: buff-orange to brown-grey,very hard, well cemented. Much pyrite, finelydisseminated and in irregular nodules upto three­quarter inch long abundant, finely pyritized, fossil­iferous fragments (foraminifera). Interval is adolomitic version of the above siltstone, and is inpart not completely dolomitized.

Eocene- Paleocene: 3838 to 4495 feet (657 feet)(Delta complex above seismic reflection)

3838 to 4495 feet: Sandstone: light grey, grey with grey-brown, fineto coarse to granule size, generally poorly sorted,angular to subrounded grains. In part the intervalis pyritic and carbonaceous and locally containsa white kaolinitic matrix; tight in part and hasbright yellow mineral fluorescence. No hydro­carbon fluorescence.Carbonaceous Sandy Siltstone: dark brown-grey,streaked black, very tough and well compacted,contains abundant carbonaceous plant remains,elongate willow-like leaves, and stem-like vascu­lar remains. Very micaceous with clear crystalsof mica to an average 1.5 mm across; sand occursin elongate lenses and disseminated throughout;sand content is quartzose in the fine to mediumrange, and angular to subangular. The matrixis kaolinitic, argillaceous, and finely carbon­aceous. Trace pyrite. Rock has an irregularstreaked and lensed appearance parallel to bedd­ing; coaly streaks up to one-quarter inch thick.No fluorescence, no cut, very strong hydrogensulphide odour. No apparent dip.Argillaceous Siltstone (minor): light brown-greyto buff, bentonitic, (tuffaceous?), well compacted,massive, abundant flecks of clear mica, verysparse thin carbonaceous streaks, very sparsequartz sand grains (fine to medium-grained).

19

Fine carbonaceous flecks in residue: non-cal­careous; strong hydrogen sulphide odour fromfreshly broken surfaces, mineral fluorescence.No hydrocarbon fluorescence, no cut. Fewcarbonaceous streaks approximately on beddingsurface suggest grass-like plant remains.

Paleocene (?): 4495 to 5511 feet (1016 feet)(Delta complex below seismic reflection)

4495 to 5511 feet: Sandstone' light grey and grey, very fine tocoarse-grained, but largely in the fine and mediumsize range, and sorting is generally poor. Thedegree of rounding varies from angular to wellrounded and there is generally an argillaceous(kaolinitic) matrix. The interval contains manythin discontinuous shaly and carbonaceous laminae.It is slightly pyritic and contains a few micaflakes in the matrix.The above sandstone grades to sandy siltstone]o0.ally, whi0.h iF< light grAY, F1rginFl0.AOllF<. F<F1nrly.

and in part very slightly calcareous. The siltstonecontains thin carbonaceous and micaceous laminae.It is generally tight. Both the sandstone andsiltstone are locally dolomitized. The intervalcontains a few black coal beds which range inthickness up to five feet, and minor shale: mediumgrey, carbonaceous, micromicaceous and slightlysilty in part.

Mesozoic: 5511 to 5910 feet (T.D.) (399 feet +)

5511 to 5670 feet:

5670 to 5767 feet:

5767 to 5910 feet:

Volcanic rock (altered): Trachyte(?), vari­coloured, brownish-grey, greenish-blue, tan, andgrey-blue and green. In part quite soft, and alsofairly well indurated. Contains soft bands ofgreenish-blue (chloritic?) material and brownishclay-like laminae. No apparent bedding.

Volcanic rock (relatively unaltered): blue-greyand green, fairly hard, microcrystalline in part.Amorphous vein quartz noted locally throughoutthis interval and some tuffaceous-like, soft, lighttan coloured material also present.

Mudstone (altered): (tuffaceous), medium olive­grey and bluish-grey, hard and dense, faintlybanded. Highly fractured with vertical fracturesfilled by soft, white clay mineral and pyrite. Thewhite clay mineral also occurs along beddingplanes. Pyrite also occurs finely disseminatedthroughout the rock.

20

Fig_ 3

SECTION BEFORE DRILLING SECTION AFTER DRILLING

SEALEVEl

SOUTH-WEST

SEALEVEL

ESSO BASS- 2(Proposed)

NORTH-EAST SOUTH-WESTESSO BASS--2

-c>-

NORTH-EAST

SEALEVEL

-1000 MIDDLE AND tiPPER MIOCENE-1000 IIIDDLE AND UPPER MIOCENE . -1000

-2000 -2100 --2000 -2133 -2000

LOWER AND MIDOLE MIOCENE LOIIER AND MIDOLE MIOCENE

-3000_-3

-3000 -3000 r-

-7000

o-4000 z

",~OOO

-z..,.'"-5000 '"....

-3587

BASEMENT

Ol/GOCENE

PALEOCENE - UPPER CRETACEOUS?

-------EOCENE---------

-7000

-6000

-4000

-5000

-3800

-4400EOCENE

Ol/GOCENE

PALEOCENE - UPPER CRETACEOUS?

-7000

-6000

-4000

-5000

ESSO EXPLORATION AUSI INC-

CROSS- SECTIONS BEFORE AND AFTER DRILLING

ESSO BASS-2

o 2I

MILES

Figure 3

Structure

Esso Bass No. 2 was located on the crest of a well-defined anticlinalfeature, as mapped by seismic survey, trending north-west. The structure is developedfrom basement to the top of the Oligocene. The age of the structure is primarily UpperCretaceous (?) or Paleocene, but exhibits some growth during Eocene time. A basementfault block is responsible for this being a positive area. This faulting was active fromMesozoic time up to the close of the Oligocene; however, closure is primarily anticlinaland not dependent upon faulting.

Vertical closure at the intra "delta complex" refle.::ting horizon (seismicunconformity) is 250+ feet and areal closure is approximately 40 square miles. Verticalclosure has decreased to 200 feet at the top of the Eocene and to 100 feet at the top of theOligocene. There is approximately 1000 feet of vertical closure on basement.

Relevance to the Occurrence of Petroleum

The drilling of Esso Bass No. 2 has indicated that relatively rapid lateralfacies changes occur within the Tertiary sequence in the eastern half of the Bass Basin.Significant quartzose sand developments were encountered in the calcarenite unit ofmiddle and upper Miocene age, in the base of the Oligocene section, and in the basalTertiary delta complex: these are discussed below.

Middle and upper Miocene: Esso Bass No. 2 encountered fine quartzose sand fromapproximately 1400 to 2164 feet. This is significant in that it may reflect proximityof a provenance area during this period and it may be evidence of a regionaltransgressive pulse which is seen in both the Otway and Gippsland Basins duringthis time.

Oligocene: Three hundred and twenty-eight feet of quartzose sandstone of marineorigin were encountered in Esso Bass No. 2 at the base of the Oligocene; thiscompares with only 25 feet of sandstone at the base of the Oligocene in Esso BassNo. 1. The thick sandstone interval seen in Esso Bass No. 2 reflects a large­scale facies change in the Oligocene series. The change from silty mudstone tosandstone may in fact be so rapid laterally, over the Esso Bass No. 2 structure asto open the closure seen by the seismograph on the top of the Eocene.

Upper Eocene: The Eocene marine mudstone interval (Demon's Bluff equivalent)in Esso Bass No. 2 is 220 feet thick. This compares with 558 feet of the sameinterval in Esso Bass No. 1. The same rapid lateral facies change as seen in thebase of the Oligocene apparently also occurs atthe base of the Demon's Bluff and itis quite possible that this change means that the porosity in the Demon's BluffFormation is not sealed.

Paleocene-Eocene delta complex: Sixty-eight percent or 1212 feet of the total1782 feet of this sequence in Esso Bass No. 1 was porous sandstone; this compareswith 80 percent sand count in the EssoBass No. 2 Well over the same interval. Thesands within the complex at Esso Bass No. 2 were generally more coarsely grained,cleaner and hence better reservoir rocks than those at the Esso Bass No. 1 Well.Again, as in the overlying intervals, an increase in sand count is evident in aneasterly direction from Esso Bass No. 1. Closure evident on the intra-complexreflecting surface is a "sand on sand" contact and hence represents no effectiveseal.

21

Porosity and Permeability of Sediments Penetrated

Porosity and permeability measurements indicate that sands developed inthe Oligocene and in the delta complex in Esso Bass No. 2 are potential reservoir rocks.

Measured core porosities range to 34 percent and permeabilities to 190millidarcies in this deltaic sequence. No core analysis was done on the sands in theOligocene series. A certain amount of matrix plugging by clay and some dolomitizationlocally reduces the permeability of these rocks. The skeletal calcarenite and quartzosesandstone in the middle Miocene a,nd younger section is of no economic interest as it isprobably unsealed.

Contribution to Geological Concepts Resulting from Drilling

The most significant fact resulting from the drilling of Esso Bass No. 2 isthat relatively rapid facies changes occur laterally within the Tertiary section of thenorth-eastern part of the basin. These facies changes are particularly noteworthy inbasal parts of the Oligocene and Miocene series and within the delta complex.

Other contributions to the knowledge of the Bass Basin are:

(i) The basal Tertiary "delta complex" represents a relatively rapidinfilling of a continually subsiding basin during Paleocene-Eocene time.

It is also evident that basement blocks, such as the one upon whichEsso Bass No. 2 was located, have had a strong local influence onsedimentation during the deposition of this interval. The Esso BassNo. 2feature was apparently positive during Paleocene-Eocene depositionand the bulk of sediment was deposited around the flanks of the feature.Dipmeter and seismic data indicate a large north-west trending troughto the north and east of the Esso Bass No. 2 location.

(ii) The marine Tertiary sequence in the Bass Basin is similar to that inthe Anglesea Sub-Basin. Taylor (1966) suggests that from upper Eocenetime the two basins have been joined.

(Hi) The 'volcanic' interval (5511 to 5767 feet) in Esso Bass No. 2 ispetrologically unlike any extrusives seen either in Tasmania or Victoria,and its age is unknown.

(iv) The well bottomed in an altered 'quartzitic mudstone' and 'bedded tuff'(Apthorpe, 1966) of indeterminate age (from 5767 to 5910 feet). Thisinterval may well be associated with the overlying 'volcanic' sequence.

22

APTHORPE, M.,

BOWLER, J. M.,

1966:

1963:

REFERENCES

Specimens from economic basement, Bass No. 2Well. Unpublished report M.6/66 for The BrokenHill Proprietary Company Limited.

Tertiary stratigraphy and sedimentation in theGeelong-Maude area, Victoria.Proc. Roy. Soc. Vie., 87, 69-132.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1963:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1965:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1965:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1966:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1966:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1966:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1967:AUSTRALIA INC.

ESSO EXPLORATION 1967:AUSTRALIA INC.

HAEMATITE EXPLOR- 1965:ATIONS PTY LTD.

KEBLE, R.A. 1950:

SPRY, A.,. 1962:BANKS, M.R., et al.,

TAYLOR, D.J. 1966:

The geology and petroleum prospects of theGippsland Basin, Victoria. Bur. Min. Resour.Aust. Petrol Search Subs. Acts Report (unpubl.).

Esso Bass No. 1 Well Completion Report.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol. Search Subs.Acts Report (unpubl.).

Bass marine seismic survey. Bur. Min. Resour.Aust. Petrol. Search Subs. Acts Report (unpubl.).

Esso Bass No. 2 Well Completion Report.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol Search Subs. Act.Report (unpubl.).

Esso Gippsland Shelf No. 1 Well, Victoria.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol Search Subs, ActsPubl.76.

King Island East marine seismic survey.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol Search Subs. Ac:tsReport (unpubl.).

Esso Gippsland Shelf No. 4 Well, Victoria.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol Search Subs, ActsPubI. 82.

Eastern Bass Strait marine seismic survey.Bur. Min. Resour. Aust. Petrol Search Subs. ActsReport (unpubl.).

Bass Strait and Encounter Bay aeromagneticsurvey, 1960-1961. Bur. Min. Resour. Aust.Petrol search Subs. Acts Publ. 60.

The Mornington Peninsula.Mem. geol. Surv. Vie., 17.

The geology of Tasmania.J. geol. Soc. Aust., 9, (2).

The Mid-Tertiary foraminiferal sequence, EssoBass No. 2 Well, Tasmania.Geo).. Surv. Vic.~. 2111966 (unpubl.).

23

ADDITIONAL DATA FILED IN THE BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES

The following additional data relevant to Esso Bass No. 2 Well have beenfiled in the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Canberra, and are available for reference:

(i) Well completion report by Esso Exploration Australia Inc. 14 pp.

Appendix 1: Palaeontological Report, by 11 pp.D.J. Taylor

Appendix 2: Palynological Report, by 1 p.J.G. Douglas

Appendix 3: Log Interpretation, by Esso Exploration 1 p.

Australia Inc.

Appendix 4: Core and Cuttings Descriptions and Analyses 19 pp.

Appendix 5: Velocity Survey Report, by 8 pp.P.E. Towey

Appendix 6: Petrological Report, by 3 pp.G.B. Everard

Appendix 7: Petrological Report, by 6 pp.M. Apthorpe

(H) Daily driIIing reports for the period 11 April 1966 to 25 May 1966.

(Hi) Schlumberger well logs including the following:

(a) Induction-Electrical Log

Run 1,Run 2,Run 3,

822 - 2100 feet2100 - 5536 feet

. 5536 - 5907 feet

(scale ',!', 5" : 100 ft)

(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)

(b) Sonic-Gamma Ray-CaIiper Log

Run 1,Run 2,

822 - 2091 feet2044 - 5904 feet

(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)

(c) Microlaterolog

Run 1,Run 2,

822 - 2100 feet2100 - 5532 feet

(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)

(d) Continuous Dipmeter

Run 1,Run 2,Run 3,

822 - 2100 feet2098 - 5535 feet5390 - 5910 feet

24

(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)(scale 2", 5" : 100 ft)(syale 2", 5" : 100 ft)

I,

ESSO EXPLORATION AUSTRALIA INC., SYDNEY"NEW SOUTH WALESPLATE ISheet I

COMPOSITE WELL LOG OF ESSO BASS-1PETROLEUM TENEMENT: E.L. 1/60 STATE: TASMANIA 4 MI. SHEET: KING ISLAND BASIN:BASS WELL STATUS: DRY AND ABANDONED

LOCATION :Lat. 3." ..' ,.. Long. t45" 44'13·£ UEVATION: 31' above M.S.L. (R.T,)Permanent datuln M.S.l.Watw depth 2&5'

QATE SPUOO£D Jul)' 21,1'15. DATE DRILLING STOPPED: Sept.',1M5. DATE RIG Off :Sept.14.1tI5. TOTAL DEPTH :77t7' (0,11... )77..' (I.E.S.)

DRILLED BY GLOBAL MARINE AUSTRALASIA PTy LTD GLOMAR ill

DIllL LING METHOO' ROTARY

MUD LOGGING CORE LAB

LOGGED By SCHLUMBERGER

CEMENTED BY HALLlBURTON

WELL HEAD FITTINGS WELL HEAD REMOVED AFTER PLUGGING

7711

12'10'22511

1.ISEPT,I9&52 5

2265 ZZI'

4001 6407

ZZ5I ZZ5I

Z2S5 5101

1751 2605

25AUG ,19&5 50 AUG.1965

...,..... __ xP-ZO C•••tle

INDUCTION lOG DATA

170

170Z50f

2500

6 AUG,IM5

MUD-TYPEHIUTIIENT '. .1--....-,.".---r---=--;---=---;----;----+----+----1f----t-----jWATER LOSS et> /SO .... - 1--.-:1~2_ _+--:.7----<f__--:.::..,..-+_-::~5=__-+----t----11----t----;WEIGHT Ibo Icu" --- 1-_~10::..':..-_+--'1~0.!:..Z-+-:.::10::=·4:-_+-.:.:IO::_:·.::..,.._+---__+---__1f__---+_---_i\I1~OSITY (\Iao'ollluc - 1---.::.4~5_ _+-~4Z~-f__---.::5~Z,--_+--4~0~-+---__+---__1I----+_---_i.... 10 5 10·0 10·0 11'0:S;sr~I~-Y-n-m~-m--- f-0:..::eo:.:II:.:6~6:...,..+_.:..I..:..17:..:II::.:6Z::,,+.,:.I...:65:.:.:..,::92T·t__::.:I.Z:;.~.~.~+_---+_---+---+----;""" rEiif' Of. 11 '.H"--- ~0~·JI~.~I04;..~0~.=:;"~.~"::21T1~0:_:.:::1"'~167:.~0:::.5::'.::":_;206~+-~--+--~-+---_+---_iRm' 0'46,1&1 1171155· 1'51'at5lo 1'061157"R"'C 1·691161 Z·65115'· 2·4ZII5I· Z·7I1157·

TOTAL DEPTH -ELECTRIC LOGTOTAL OCPTH -DRILLER

BIT SIZE

~OGGED TO

CASING SHOf -ELECTRIC LOGCASING SHOE -DRILLER

LOGGEO FROM

DATE'OOTAGE LOGGED

RUN WMBER

1670 o-F"""

OCPH. CEMENT CEM~~TED

CASING

1

1

(jRAOE

54.. ~ - 55 8.tt ZZ5lI'

.....510..

WEIGHT

ZOo

SO'

SIZE4Z4'TO

76t!'1717'

215'424'

lZO'

7612'U04'

FIlOIIiI

HOlE SIZE

56'

I'lli·

ze'11~'

SIZE

IIA' RECOROED TEMP'F 104 127 167 206·

PERfORATIONS CEMENT PLUGS'EC')ROED BY I.SlNCMr lSI'I<.... ISlr_ IStNcUr

TYPE TO No 1Ft FROMHO'

T:5ZO'

CEMENTOTHER LOGS

ZIOO' 2400' 250.I"I,C,CII

5100'

6100'

• 140

140S0Nfc GAMMA RAY CALtPER

MICROLATEROLOG

CONTINUOUS DIPMETER

~70' -7''''

170' - 1704-'

170' -7610'

RUNS 1 - 4

RUNS 1 - 4RUNS 1 - 3

WELL SYMBOLS

CGrboMctau.

Pyritic

~!ic

,----c_I

,--11_11.--"'_1

_d 1

VoIcOlltC ......

Cool

Coleo,en,,,

Oal....'"

[VOOOfl"

W:t~

t;:...: ...: ...~

LITHOLOGY

SIII,!O",

Shell.

Clay,tona

Llmesfon.

t 7 _-;j

E---d._.

~

R-1----A,kose

Q.artz $Dnd,'ont

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LOCATION Lat. afJ"tQfS Long UfJrJfE

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• Jo- .~ - ~ HOT WIRE = 52 UNITS 'U')I I ~tIt ~ - ~. i - t t .4 L ~. -; "1

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I-----i-jil,,.-;---........; 5015' -16', SS, AS ABOVE

TO 5910' DRY AND ABANDONED