Basics of Linux Presnt(Final Pres)

8/8/2019 Basics of Linux Presnt(Final Pres)

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BASICS OF LINUX/UNIX

Presented by :-

Rohit Ranjan

TM/10/013


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WHAT IS UNIX

Collection of software known as an operating

system (OS) that runs on most computers.

The OS software is the means by which theuser communicates with the computer's central

processing unit (CPU) and memory by means of

a keyboard and mouse (for input) and display

monitor (for output), in order to perform

computations.


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The OS software is also responsible forcommunications between the CPU/memory and

the computer's other peripherals such as disks,

tapes, printers, networks, etc. The OS ensures that no two users can access the

same device (CPU, memory, peripherals) at the

same time; one is allowed to proceed while the

other is forced to wait until the device is no longer

busy.


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THE UNIX NUT: KERNEL AND SHELL

The main control program in a UNIX OS is called

the kernel.

when the user types commands on the

keyboard they are read by another program in

the OS called a shell which parses, checks,

translates and massages them in various ways,

then passes them to the kernel for execution.


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KERNEL

Core of an operating system

Interacts with the hardware

First program to get loaded when the systemstarts and runs till the session gets terminated

Different from BIOS which is hardware

dependent. Kernel is software dependent


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SHELL

Program that interacts with kernel

Bridge between kernel and the user

Command interpreter

User can type command and the command isconveyed to the kernel and it will be executed

Modern shells aim to reduce the amount the userhas to type by providing facilities such as

command recall and edit, command spellingcorrection and "wildcard" characters (characters infilenames that represent multiple possibilities).


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UNIX FILE SYSTEM

The following lists the most common directories and theirintended contents.

/ - root directory/home - where directories are contained for each user.

/usr - pronounced 'user' and contains Linux commands

and utilities/bin - binary executable programs/lib - program libraries, similar to Windows 'dll' files

/sbin - more executable programs and Linux utilities for

administrative purposes/doc - documentation

/src - source code to programs/tmp - temporary work files


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FILEMANAGEMENT COMMANDS

mkdir - creating directory

mkdir dirname

rmdir removing directory and its contents

rmdir dirname

cd Change directory

cd dirpath

cp Copying files cp file1 file2

mv Moving or renaming files

mv oldfile newfile


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Listing files in a directory

ls Lists all files in a directory

ls a Lists all files (including hidden files) ls l Lists files in a directory along with

owner information, permission etc


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A "wildcard" characters in filenames, technically

called filename globbing. The * character in a filename represents any

string of characters, including no characters;the ? character represents any single character;

a string of characters between [ ] representsany one of those specific characters.

If there are files called "fee", "fie", "foe" and

"fum" in the current directory, the strings f* and

f?? would be expanded to the full list of names,whereas f?e and "f[eio]ewould be expanded to"fee fie foe" ("fum" doesn't match the last twopatterns).


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THANK YOU


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Basics of Linux Presnt(Final Pres)

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