BASIC FIRST AID. First Aid? Is the immediate assistance or treatment given to someone before the...
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Transcript of BASIC FIRST AID. First Aid? Is the immediate assistance or treatment given to someone before the...
BASIC FIRST AID
First Aid?
Is the immediate assistance or treatment
given to someone before the arrival of
medical staff/ ambulance
Qualities of a first aider:
~ Calm~ Confident~ Willing to offer assistance
whenever necessary~ Patience
Aims of a first aider:3 Ps:
3PsPreserve life
Prevent injuries/condition from worsening
Promote recovery
Preserving life:1) Control bleeding2) Treat probable cause of shock3) Maintain airway in correct
position4) Perform CPR when needed (no breathing or pulse)
Prevent condition from worsening:
1) Dress wound to prevent infection
2) Provide comfort to casualty 3) Place casualty in a comfortable
position
Promote recovery:
1) Relieve casualty from anxiety2) Encourage confidence and trust3) Attempt to relieve pain and
discomfort4) Handle casualty gently5) Protect casualty from cold and
wet
Ambulance (SCDF): 995 1777 ( Non-
emergency)Police number: 999Fire Brigade: 995
Emergency Hotlines
4 levels of consciousness:
a) Normal statusb) Drowsinessc) Semi – consciousnessd) Coma
Protecting yourself as a first aider
Essential to protect yourself from injury andinfection
a) Ensure surroundings are safeb) Protection from infection - to prevent “cross infection”( transmitting germs to a casualty or
contractingan infection yourself) - wear gloves or wash hands before doing
a dressing.
Practice of first aid:
1) Assess the situation2) Make area safe3) Give emergency aid - initial assessment – Signs and symptoms - ABC4) Get help from others if needed
Initial Assessmentwhat?- Brief examination of casualty
to perform checks before concluding
How?- Observe signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms
Signs: Details of a casualty’s condition you may
assess using your senses. Look, listen, feel, smellE.G Bleeding, Deformity, Strength or rhythm of pulse, breathing
Symptoms: sensations that the casualty experiences
E.G Is there pain? What type of pain? Nausea, giddiness, coldness
ABCA = Airway Open airway why?
B = Breathing Check for breathing How?
Circulation
Check for pulse
Pulse indicates the condition of the
Circulation
- Full and slow- Rapid and fluttering / weak
How to check for pulse?- Carotid pulse- Wrist pulse