Baker Hughes Presentation
Transcript of Baker Hughes Presentation
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Evaluating Well Integrity
Dominic DieseruProduct Line Manager Wireline & TCP - United KingdomDecomworld - 28th Feb 2013 Ardoe House
2013 BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF USE: BY ACCEPTING THIS DOCUMENT, THE RECIPIENT AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT TOGETHER WITH ALL INFORMATION INCLUDED THEREIN IS THE CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND INCLUDES VALUABLE TRADE SECRETS AND/OR PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BAKER HUGHES (COLLECTIVELY "INFORMATION"). BAKER HUGHES RETAINS ALL RIGHTS UNDER COPYRIGHT LAWS AND TRADE SECRET LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND OTHER COUNTRIES. THE RECIPIENT FURTHER AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED, TRANSMITTED, COPIED OR REPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF BAKER HUGHES, AND MAY NOT BE USED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ANY WAY DETRIMENTAL TO BAKER HUGHES INTEREST.
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Agenda
Casing Inspection Services Flux Leakage - Micro & High Resolution Vertilog Service
Imaging Caliper
Electromagnetic Measurements - Digital Magnelog
Ultra Sonics
Advanced Cement Bond Log Segmented Bond Tool
Combined Interpretation Solutions
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What is the condition of your casing and tubing ?
Casing Inspection Systems
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Evaluate Condition Of Casing Strings Mechanical
Evaluate Collapse Locate Splits Locate Separated pipe Locate Subs, Mandrels, Collars, and other Hardware. Locate Holes & Perforations Locating a Packer Seat Evaluate Tubing/Casing Prior to Workover
Corrosion Determine Condition of casing due to Corrosion Monitor Corrosion Rate Determine Effectiveness of Corrosion Inhibition
Casing Problems
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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Magnetic Flux Leakage Measurement
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Micro Vertilog & Digital Vertilog - Benefits
Discriminates corrosion type : isolated annular general corrosion.
Detects small corrosion pits on both the inside and outside
Discriminates between actual corrosion and well completion equipment.
Analysis provides a corrosion map, for easy Interpretation
Provides depth and % penetration, as low as 3/8 @ 30% penetration
Provides multiple overlapping measurements for complete 360 degree circumferential analysis.
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Vertilog Pad Sensors
FL Passive Coils: Measure any Flux Leakage;
Signal Amplitude is proportional to % of penetration
EC active coils: Generate a 10 khz magnetic field to induce eddie currents on the internal surface of casing
EC SIGNAL
FL SIGNAL
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9CourtesyTexas Gas Transmission LLC
Well # 15842
Acquisition & Field Deliverable
MV32 Data Acquisition
MVRT-Type Deliverable
Standard Log Format
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Several external pits interconnected, observe the response of EC discriminator
Example Micro Vertilog
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Efficiency.Data accuracy.People-oriented service
.148
.188
Two external pits.Lower pit real penetration is .188ins DVRT tool reading is 0.201ins 93%. accurate.Upper pit real penetration is 0.148ins tool reading is 0.155 ins 96% accurate.
Example Digital Vertilog
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Summary - Magnetic Flux Leakage
Advantages Internal/External Defects Fast - 120 ft/min 100% Coverage FL & DIS Safe
No Harm to Tubular or Coating
Robust Immune to Scale/Paraffin Works in any Fluid or Gas
Improving Signal/Noise with Increasing Corrosion
Disadvantages Indirect Measurement Poor Sensitivity to:
Axially Oriented DefectsMechanical Deformation
Speed dependent
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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Speed independent Increased logging speed (~200/min) means less time on the well Able to log slower through well head results in safer operation
Increased dynamic range of instrument allows for the operation in a variety of downhole conditions
Ability to operate in greater range of casing weights Ability to negotiate casing patches and provide inspection
No external wiring Reduced tool maintenance Reduced down time on well site
High Resolution FL Measurement
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Increased circumferential and axial resolution More sensors
144 FL , 48 DIS in 4 tool 144 FL , 48 DIS in 5 5 tool 288 FL , 96 DIS in 7 9 tool
Smaller sensors (1 coil to 0.25 Hall Sensors) Multi-axial Sensors
Results in better defect description Quantifiable defect description
Field verifiable calibration Increased accuracy for length, width and depth of penetration
determination Results in better input into burst pressure calculations Data base output for long term data storage and integration into other
data systems
HR Vertilog
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HRVT - Tool Specifications
Length = 15.5 ft to 19.75ftWeight = 310 Lbs.Tool OD = 3 5/8 in to 5 in Maximum Temperature = 350 DegF.Maximum Pressure = 15000 psi.Minimum Casing ID = 4.5 inMaximum Casing OD = 9 5/8 inMaximum Logging Speed = 200 ft/min.
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Advanced Analysis using information from three axes of MFL data to determine length, width and depth of penetration of features.
Depth Based Analysis Length, Width, Depth Of Penetration
Pressures Based Analysis (Based on Client Selected Parameters)
Four commonly used formulae to determine Casing Burst Pressure
Barlow, Canadian Z341, B31G, Modified B31G
The HR Vertilog Final Report provides detailed information on each feature in the well.
HR Vertilog - Analysis
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High-Resolution Analysis
Circumferential
Radial
Axial
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Case History
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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Casing sizes 2 3/8 to 20
Image Caliper
Applications
Pipe Ovality Casing Deformation Total Metal Loss Max/Min Penetration Orientation and Inclination Pitting/Corrosion Splitting Collar Inspection Pipe Wear
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Scale/Header Section
All Curves displayed in raw data format
Casing collar response profile
Min / Max Presentation
Wellsite Log Output
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Rotational Display
On-Screen Data Reference
Closure Port Sleeve
Nominal ID
Larger ID
OD Reference
Smaller ID
3D Image CD
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X-Sectioned Display
Nominal ID
Feature Identification
3D Image CD
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Summary Imaging Caliper
Advantages Direct Contact with Pipe
If Caliper sees it, its there Good Defect Depth Resolution Detection of Axially Oriented Metal
Loss such as Drill Pipe or Rod Wear
Provides Direct Measurement of Pipe Geometry/Weight Changes
Disadvantages Internal Only Corrosion Products and Other
Deposits Can Fill Defects Pits Can Fall Between Fingers Possible Damage to Pipe
Coating/Inhibition Layer
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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Eddy Current
Phase Shift
Eddy Current
Phase Shift
Electromagnetic Measurement
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Determines joints of casing with different weights and thickness.
Locates casing collars ,shoe of outside casing strings and other casing hardware on the inner string e.g. scratchers and centralizers.
Locates casing erosion and discriminates between external or internal metal loss.
Locates casing holes larger than 2in diameter
Locates severe anomalies on outside string of pipe when run aloneor when run in combination with other casing evaluation surveys.
Digital Magnelog - Applications
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Tool Diameter 3.63in, 5.53 in or 8.0 in Temperature 350 DegF Pressure Rating 20,000 psi Measurement Range 4 in to 13 in Minimum Casing OD 4 in Maximum Casing OD 13 3/8 in Accuracy 10% in Single String
20% in Multiple Strings Repeatability within 5%
Digital Magnelog Tool Specifications
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Digital Magnelog
Visual Response to Severe Metal Loss
from Field Data
Parted Casing
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Advantages Internal/External Defects General Wall Thinning Detects Changes in Multi String
Applications (Qualitative Only) Detection of Axially Oriented Metal
Loss such as Drill Pipe or Rod Wear.
Detects Pipe Weight Changes
Disadvantages Poor Defect Resolution
Defects Must be Greater than Two (2) Inches
Defects Can not be Quantified Poor Circumferential Resolution
Summary Electromagnetic Measurement
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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Ultrasonic Measurement Principle of Operation Rotating Acoustic Transducer:
Produces High Frequency Signal At or Near Resonate Frequency of
Casing
Measurement Of: Amplitude & Travel Time of Signal Impedance of Borehole Fluid
Detailed Images of: Internal Radius Casing Thickness Internal and External Defects
100% Coverage
Direct Measurement of Casing Thickness.
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Identification and Quantification of Casing Corrosion
Identifies Holes in Casing and Perforated Intervals
Estimation of Casing Damage Caused by Milling or Fishing Operations.
Corrosion or Damage Characterized According to Remaining Metal Thickness
Internal or External Metal Loss
Casing Profile and Casing Weight Changes
Digital CBIL - Applications
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Joint Identification and Depth
Internal Radius of pipe and Pipe Amplitude Image Presentation
Pipe Thickness and Image Presentation
Digital CBIL - Field Examples
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Advantages Internal/External Defects Very Good Remaining Wall
Thickness Measurement Detects Axially Oriented
Defects Direct Measure of Casing
Thickness
Disadvantages Sensitive to Borehole Medium Sensitive to Eccentricity Clear & Stationary Fluid Only No Dispersive Particulates /
Bubbles in Fluid Diffraction at Pipe Surface
Due to Scaling/Corrosion Products
Absorption at Pipe Surface due to Wax/Hydrates
Slow Logging Speed Decreasing Signal/Noise ratio
as Corrosion Increases
Summary Ultrasonic Measurements
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Features, Advantages & Benefits
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SBT - Tool Measurement
The Segmented Bond Tool (SBT) service provides quantitative analysis of the cement bond in six 60 segments for 360 borehole coverage, simplifying interpretation and cutting remedial cementing and logging costs.
Simultaneous 5ft VDL measurement provides indication of cement to formation bond.
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SBT - Tool Specifications
Length = 68 ft.Weight = 1050 Lbs.Tool OD = 3 3/8 inMaximum Temperature = 350 DegF.Maximum Pressure = 20000 psi.Minimum Casing ID = 4.5 inMaximum Casing OD = 24 in with extended armsMaximum Logging Speed = 36 ft/min.
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Segmented Measurements
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SBT - Benefits
True 360 Coverage (NOT point samples) Positively locates channelling and cement voids
Can Log multiple casing size in one run, saving rig time.
No mud weight limits or light weight fluids limits.
Transmitters and Receivers in direct contact with casing Insensitive to Fast Formations
Compensated attenuation measurement Corrects for poor TransmitterReceiver contacts in rough casing
Relatively immune to decentralization High quality data in deviated wells.
2 measurements simultaneously: Pads - Quantitative analysis of cement bond to the casing
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Cement Compressive Strength Chart Class G Cement
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3000psi
Low Impedance Cement Interpretation
3000psi
Light Weight Cements Reduce the Dynamic Range of all Bond Log Measurements
Example only Do not use for Interpretation.
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3000psi
3000psi
Heavyweight Casing
3000psi
Light Weight Cements + Heavy Wall casing Significantly Reduce the Dynamic Range of all Bond Log Measurements !!
Example only Do not use for Interpretation.
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SBT Presentation1.
Line Speed / Tension Gamma Ray DTMN and DTMX Casing Collar Locator
2. Six individual
attenuation responses Relative bearing curve
(Shows Low Side)
3. Attenuation average Attenuation minimum
4. Cement map
5. Variable density log
1 2 3 4 5
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BondViewSM
Alternative Geoscience
Analysis
Re-scale cement map to strength
Filter out casing signalFormation
NB. Requires a cement impedance input
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Interpretative Solutions
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Combination Service
Majority of our casing inspection and cement evaluation tools can be ran in combination with other tools saving rig time.
SBT HRVRT Cement & Corrosion SBT MFC Cement & Multifinger Caliper SBT RPM Cement & Saturation logs SBT MVRT Cement & Corrosion
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Interpretative Solutions
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Remedial Solutions & Options
TeliCoil & Cameras
MPC Mechanical Pipe Cutter
Straddles
Perforate & SqueezeUsing Customized charges
Plugs & Retainers.
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Summary
Flux Leakage Measurements - MicroVertilog, DigitalVertilog& High Resolution Vertilog Services.
Imaging Calipers - Multi Finger Caliper
Electromagnetic Measurements - Digital Magnelog
Ultra Sonics - Digital Circumferential Borehole Image
Advanced Cement Evaluation - Segmented Bond Tool
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QuestionsThanks
- Casing Inspection & Cement Evaluation
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