Baca zinn ch02-lecture
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Transcript of Baca zinn ch02-lecture
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Diversity In Families
Chapter TwoPreindustrial Families and the Emergence of a Modern Family Form
NINTH EDITION
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Chapter Two Overview
• Family and the New Social History
• Family Life in Colonial America
• The Emergence of Modern Family Life
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Family History Themes
• Diversity - Broad differences in the U.S. population have made generalizations about "the family" impossible. There were several different kinds of families from the beginning.
• Uneven Change - Families in different social classes, different races, and immigrant groups all experienced different rates of change, thus the “modern family form” applies mostly to white families.
• Human Agency - Families are active agents rather than passive victims of change.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Family Life in Colonial America
• Macrostructural Conditions:- Family life characterized by family-based
economy. - There were different kinds of “families”
throughout the colonies.- Early America was primarily rural with
agriculture being the most important task.
- All family members worked at productive tasks differentiated by sex and age.
- Family matters were not considered private.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Family Life in Colonial America
• Household Composition:- Families were typically nuclear in
structure- The principal sources of population for
the original 13 colonies were people of European and African descent.
- Families tended to be larger than contemporary families, but smaller than the stereotypical portrayal.
- They were patriarchal.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Composition
• The first census was conducted in 1790. However, it did not count the African family households separate from their masters and it did not count the Native American people who were living on the land before the settlers arrived.
• Native Americans may have numbered a million and were widely scattered across the land.
• American Natives had diverse marriage and family traditions, and diverse languages.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Family Life in Colonial America
• Wives and Husbands:- Marriages were arranged based on the social and
economic purposes of larger kin groups. - Romantic love was not absent, but marriage was more
of a contractual agreement.- Oftentimes because of limited life expectancy, the
husband or wife may have been married previously.- Husbands had total authority of the family, but also were
responsible for the family’s well being.- A shortage of women enhanced the status of women
however women were expected to be second to their husbands.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Family Life in Colonial America
• Children: - Families reared large numbers of children, an average of
six per family. There may have been step brothers and sisters and these were commonly blended families.
- Women had an average of 8 children, however due to high rates of child mortality, many of the children would die in the first year.
- Children's religious training was intensive and discipline was severe.
- Social class and regional differences made childhood in the colonies very diverse.
- Many children were parented by adults who were not their biological parents.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
The Emergence of Modern Family Life
• Macrostructural Changes: - The main reason for changes in family patterns
was industrialization. - Modern family life emerged at the end of the
18th century. The shift was varied by class, race and region.
- Work in factories and shops replaced work in the home.
- Families took on highly specialized functions of procreation, consumption, and child-rearing.
- Families became smaller and the economy went to a “family-wage economy”.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
The Emergence of Modern Family Life
• Household Composition: - Romantic love and mutual affection
replaced economic considerations in choosing marital partners.
- Activities split into the male world of work and the female world of the family.
- Working-class women continued their productive roles in the industrial labor force.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Household Composition Continued
• Children came to be viewed as different than adults; they were now considered more innocent.
• Class and status of the family determined children's experiences.
• The modern family form emerged as a race-specific and class-specific arrangement.
Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Diversity in Families, Ninth EditionMaxine Baca Zinn • D. Stanley Eitzen • Barbara Wells
Household Composition Continued:
• Children:- They were spending more and more
time in play and with peers. Childhood was seen as a distinct period of development.
- There was a decline of corporal punishment.
- The family became child centered.