AXEL High pressure Xenon gas TPC for …AXEL is a high pressure Xe‐gas TPC to search for We have...
Transcript of AXEL High pressure Xenon gas TPC for …AXEL is a high pressure Xe‐gas TPC to search for We have...
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AXELHigh pressure Xenon gas TPC
for neutrinoless double beta decay search
Atsuko K. Ichikawa, Kyoto Universityfor the AXEL group
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No IntroductionNo Introduction
Pioneering work by NEXT has demonstrated the superiority of high pressure Xenon gas TPC as the neutrinoless double‐beta decay search detector.Contents of my talk: Project overview ELCC(Electroluminescence Light Collection Cell) Demonstration by prototype Next prototype plan Sensitivity
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What we propose in the AXEL projectWhat we propose in the AXEL project
136Xe ~10bar ~1ton
ELCC plane
PMT
~2m
MPPC
electrode w/ hole
mesh
PTFE w/ holes
anode
Mesh electrode
MPPC photon sensor array
eatom
photonelectroluminescence process
Linear multiplication process
High energy resolution(goal: <0.5%(FWHM)) Background rejection by event topology
Electro luminescence light collection cell (ELCC) High Pressure Xe gas TPC
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AXEL‐Expected event topologies‐
AXEL‐Expected event topologies‐
0 Compton
10cm 10cm
10cm
simulation
10atm, 15mm pitch, 1s sampling (~1mm)
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ELCC ‐ElectroLuminescence Light Collection Cell ‐ELCC ‐ElectroLuminescence Light Collection Cell ‐
MPPC
Line of electric force
electrode w/ hole
mesh
anode
PTFE w/ holes(~5mm)
Mesh electrode
MPPC photon sensor array
MPPC
CELL pitch 7.5mm~15mm
Uniform response in wide area extendable to large size with
the rigid structure
drift
EL
If EL ≫ drift, lines of electric force are collected into holes
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ELCC ‐Electric field calculation‐ELCC ‐Electric field calculation‐ by Finite Element Method(Elmer) Electric field lines are collected into cell when
EL/ drift and hole size is sufficiently large. Non‐uniformity of field inside cell : < 1.7%
operation point candidate
Integral of field over EL threshold
cell center
→ Kiseki Nakamura’s poster for more details
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ELCC ‐ electron track simulation‐ by Garfield++
w/ hand‐made EL generation code
~15% of tracks go next cells, still collection efficiency is ~100%
60photons x PDE/1e‐ w/ 3mm□ MPPC)Edrift=100V/cm/atmEEL=3kV/cm/atm
electron tracksEL generation
initial electron generation region
3mm
→ Kiseki Nakamura’s poster for more details
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prototypes in 20121 bar, w/ PMT14%(FWHM)@30keV escape peak
30keV Escape peak
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Project space in Kyoto UniversityProject space in Kyoto University
5m
2.5m
2.5m
gas system
electronics
Chamber10L, <10atm
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Prototype detector for ELCC demonstrationPrototype detector for ELCC demonstration
MPPC
8x8 sensorssensitive to VUV(175nm) photons
ELCC anode and PTFE
PMT
9cm
10cm
Purpose: demonstrate high energy resolution at 511 keV, 10bar.However, only 122 keV, 4 bar result today…
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Event sampleEvent samplewaveforms of MPPC and PMT
– EL light & scintillation light are observedMPPC: 65MHz 12bit 2Vpp
PMT: 100MHz 14bit 2Vpp
11
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Photon spectrum at various stage of correction/cut
Data at 4bar w/ 57Co(122keV)Data at 4bar w/ 57Co(122keV)EL=2.7kV/cm/atm
drift=100V/cm/atm
fiducial&saturationcut
time variation correction & another fiducial cut
30keV30keV
Cell‐by‐cell EL gain correction
30keV escape peak of Xenon
Dark current subtraction
→ S.Ban’s poster for more details
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Spectrum at 4bar w/ 57Co(122keV)
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Q value
(136Xe
)
4%(FWHM)@122keV
Energy resolution at 4 barEnergy resolution at 4 bar
Extrapolated FWHM energy resolution at Q value(2458keV) 0.85% when extrapolated by A → could be improved
by higher electric field 2.03% when extrapolated by A B → need
investigation, but measurement at higher energy desired
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On‐going development 511keV@10bar measurement w/
current prototype prevention of discharge more control on holes in anode and
PTFE of ELCC
Gas circulation with getter
PTFE
anode
mesh gnd
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Next prototypeNext prototype560mm
540mm demonstrate energy
resolution at around Q‐value
~1,000 channel Hamamatsu photonics
VUV‐4 MPPC developing custom ADC
board Cathode voltage ~70kV
developing Cockcroft‐Walton power supply
aiming to get result by 2017 Fall
demonstrate energy resolution at around Q‐value
~1,000 channel Hamamatsu photonics
VUV‐4 MPPC developing custom ADC
board Cathode voltage ~70kV
developing Cockcroft‐Walton power supply
aiming to get result by 2017 Fall
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Finally,(very) rough sensitivity estimationFinally,(very) rough sensitivity estimation
10bar 1ton enriched 136Xe Signal a few events/year @ =20meV
‐ 79% contained in fiducial volume‐ 49% after clustering‐ 22% after blob‐recognition
Background Only 214Bi considered now.
(cannot be separated by E) 10 ton low background(3ppb)
material‐ 12k evts/yr in fiducial‐ 75 evts/yr after clustering‐ 7 evts/yr w/ blob‐recognition
Recognition of track with a blob at both ends.(algorithm optimization still in progress)
→ Kiseki Nakamura’s poster for more details
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Finally,(very) rough sensitivity estimationFinally,(very) rough sensitivity estimation
Thin vessel in low‐bkg. pressurized waterbkg 7evts/yr → 0.1 evts/yr
→ sensi vity to ~20 meV
Pressurized water
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SummarySummary
AXEL is a high pressure Xe‐gas TPC to search for
We have developed a new electroluminescensce read out method, ELCC. high energy resolution extendable to large size
Performance demonstrated at 122 keV, and to be demonstrated at 511 keV in this year and 2 MeV in the next year