Availability of woody biomass for European forests Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau Zentrum Holzwirtschaft...
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![Page 1: Availability of woody biomass for European forests Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau Zentrum Holzwirtschaft Universität Hamburg.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062619/55153ca3550346c77d8b5d9b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo MantauZentrum HolzwirtschaftUniversität Hamburg
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
CONTENT
1 Wood resource balance – woody biomass overview
2 Resources flows
3 Resources flow developments
4 Sustainability and carbon sequestration in resources
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
sources uses
industrial roundwood(logs)
416
469 material use
358 energy uses
other forest wood and bark 110
chips, particles & residues 120
other woody biomass 158
balancing adjustment 23
total 827 827 total
„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Wood resource balance Europe (EU/EFTA) (in M. m³(e)) 2007 - actual use
Source: Mantau / Steierer / Hetsch /Prins (2008) ; Steierer (2009)
Round wood equivalent m³(e)(solid cubic meter equivalent):How much solid cubic meterof wood is transfered from one sector to another?
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Mantau: Stoffliche und energetische Verwendung
sources uses
logs 416 195 sawmill industry
other coarse woodforest rest wood
100 180 pulp industry
78 panel industry
bark 10 16 other material uses +)
woody biom. outside forest *) 14 12 wood based fuel industry **)
chips, particles & residues 120
346
black liquor*) 75 biomass power plants
post consumer wood 55 private households
energy products **) 14 other energy uses ++)
balancing adjustment 23
total 827 827 total
43% energetische Nutzung
1
65 % primary wood fibre
*) e.g. landscape care wood and short rotation plantations; **) e.g. pellets, briquettes; +) e.g. veneer, insulating boardsSource: Steierer (2009) Euwood-project State of the Art report
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„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Europe (EU/EFTA) (in M. m³) 2007 - actual use
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30.05.2008 5
sources uses
[ mio. m³] [ mio. m³]
industrial Roundwood 100 100 sawmill industrys
industrial Roundwood - unrep. 20 panel industry
fuelwood – JFSQ 10 pulp industry
fuelwood – unrep. other physical utilization
bark 10 wood fuel industry
used logging residues 5 power and heat
woody biomass outside forest 4 industrial internal
chips, particles & residues 40 5 private households
pulp production co-products 4 undifferentiated energy use
recovered wood
processed wood fuel 10
∑ total sources in example: 154 100% 100% 154 ∑ total uses
„Wood resource balance“ - overview
Cascade uses - example
cascade factor of wood resource balance for Europe on primary biomass: 1,53
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Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance08-03-16 6
Calculation of real cuttings based on utilized amounts Germany in M m³ (2005)
Energy plants > 1MW
0.840 1.2%
Energy plants < 1MW
3.463 4.9%
households14.214 20.3%
Recorded availability (RA)
56.946 77.8%
Total availability (TA)
73.204 100.0%
Unrecorded availability (UA)
16.258 22.2%
Change in Stock (CiS)
-0.036 0.0%
Import (Im)
2.820 3.9%
Export (Ex)
6.070 8.3%
Calc. domestic availability (CDA)
69.990 100.0%Pulp industry
6.184 8.8%
Panel industry
7.470 10.7%
Sawmill industry
37.234 53.2%
Other material uses *)
0.585 0.8%
Other energy uses0.000 0.0%
Resource flows
TA = CDA + (Ex – Im) + ΔCiS UA = TA - RA
Consumption (CDA) = (RA + UA) + (Im – Ex) + ΔCiS where (RA = production when UA = 0)
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
in Mio. m³ - comparing
saw mill industry
panel industry
pulp industry
others
3
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Source: Mantau, Szenarien 2008-2012
Resource flow developments
For time series of traditional resource flows official statistics are normally quite useful Example for Germany in M m³
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Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance08-03-16 8
Creating time series in undocumented sectors (e.g. energy uses of woody biomass)Few empirical information – many assumtionssolution: openess in assumptions
1987 7,424 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1988 7,492 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1989 7,560 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1990 10,323 36,5% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1991 10,416 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1992 10,511 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1993 10,607 0,9% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1994 10,703 0,9% 77,1% 65,8% 7,9% 3,4% 6,0% 14,4% 2,5% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 0,0% 100%1995 10,800 0,9% 78,5% 67,0% 8,1% 3,4% 5,5% 13,1% 2,6% 0,1% 0,0% 0,0% 0,3% 100%1996 10,898 0,9% 79,9% 68,2% 8,2% 3,5% 4,9% 11,8% 2,6% 0,1% 0,1% 0,0% 0,5% 100%1997 10,997 0,9% 81,4% 69,4% 8,4% 3,6% 4,4% 10,5% 2,6% 0,2% 0,1% 0,0% 0,8% 100%1998 11,097 0,9% 82,8% 70,6% 8,5% 3,6% 3,8% 9,2% 2,7% 0,3% 0,1% 0,1% 1,1% 100%1999 11,198 0,9% 84,2% 71,9% 8,7% 3,7% 3,3% 7,9% 2,7% 0,3% 0,2% 0,1% 1,3% 100%2000 11,300 0,9% 85,6% 73,1% 8,8% 3,7% 2,7% 6,6% 2,8% 0,4% 0,2% 0,1% 1,6% 100%2001 11,865 5,0% 84,6% 72,2% 8,7% 3,7% 2,9% 6,9% 2,8% 0,5% 0,4% 0,1% 2,0% 100%2002 12,458 5,0% 83,6% 71,3% 8,6% 3,6% 3,0% 7,1% 2,8% 0,6% 0,6% 0,1% 2,3% 100%2003 13,393 7,5% 82,5% 70,4% 8,5% 3,6% 3,1% 7,4% 2,8% 0,7% 0,7% 0,1% 2,7% 100%2004 14,732 10,0% 81,5% 69,5% 8,4% 3,6% 3,2% 7,7% 2,8% 0,8% 0,9% 0,1% 3,1% 100%2005 20,703 40,5% 80,4% 68,7% 8,3% 3,5% 3,3% 7,9% 2,8% 0,9% 1,1% 0,1% 3,5% 100%
Total [Mio. m³]
fuelwood. total
SMBP Sägew.
SMPB briquettes
RateSum
%others
Anteile (Originalsortimente) [%]fuelwood garden
fuelwoodLCW
fuelwood forest
post cons.
SMBP pellets
SMPB chips
SMBP dust
SOURCE: MANTAU, U.; SÖRGEL, C.; WEIMAR, H.; (2007): Holzrohstoffbilanz Deutschland, Bestandaufnahme 1987 bis 2005, Hamburg, 2007, 66 S.
assortment share in %
Resource flow developments3
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in M m³ (comparing plot)
private housholds
heat & powerplants > 1 MW
heat & powerplants < 1MW
BTL
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Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
Resource flow developments3
Energy uses in M m³ - example Germany
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Comparison of net anual increment forest growth with consumtion transfered in net annual increment. (Yearly calculations are a bit problematic because of data accuracy.)
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Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in M. m³ (NAI)
'Yearly NAI (standing volume) on FLAW
Consumption (*1,3) in 'NAI'
Sustainability (natural production)
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Comparison of gross anual increment forest growth with other changes (mortality, land use) and consumtion (m³ NAI)
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Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
1987-2002
2003-2007
2008-2012
gross annual increment other changesconsumption change in standing volume
Sustainability (natural production)
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
4
Wood resource stream analysis from forest to use and disposal
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Source: MANTAU, U., BILITEWSKI, B.: Stoffstrom-Modell- Holz, 2005, nach KIBAT, K. D.
Carbon sequestration
Resources100%
Industrial restwood form semi finished production
26.7 %
losses and material compression
4.0%
Net export semifinishedproducts
4.3%
net import finishedproducts + unreported
11.9%
wood products in use39.6% (58.1%)
disposal after use28.6% (41.9%)
total material in disposal system
37.2%
Industrial restwood form finishedproduction
8.6%market volumefinished
68.3% (100%)
market volumesemi finished
65.0 %
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Carbon sequestration effects of woody biomass usesin Germany (1993-2012)
Source: Mantau, U. (2009): Wachsende Bedeutung der CO2-Speicherung in der Holzverwendung, AFZ-Der Wald, 16/2009, S 885, 886
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
in Mt CO2 CO2-sequestration by material uses
CO2-substitution by energy uses
CO2-sequestration by forest standing volume
Carbon sequestration4
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB) is a tool to document an overview on all relevant sources and uses of a resource.
► Data availability of new sources and new uses is the biggest challenge in calculating a wood resource balance.
► Until better statistical documentation of theses markets time series can be derived on assumtions as long as they are openly documented.
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB) can be uses as a monitoring system for sustainability of the natural reserves of a resource.
► Depending on the existence of end use studies and disposal statistics it is furthermore a tool for calculation carbon sequestration in woody biomass uses on the basis of empirical, actual data.
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Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo MantauZentrum HolzwirtschaftUniversität Hamburg