presented BY :-Pratik gupta (eee 7TH SEM )

Contents1. Introduction of automation2. Variable frequency drive

• Working and its programming• Advantages

3. Programmable logic controller• Major component of plc• Advantages

4. SCADA• SCADA software

5. Conclusion6. References

Introduction of automation

Automation is any sensing, detection, information-processing, decision-making, or control action thatcould be performed by humans but is actuallyperformed by a machine.

Automation is the use of control systems andinformation technologies to reduce the need forhuman work in the production of goods and services.

In the scope of industrialization, automation is a stepbeyond mechanization

Advantage of automation

• Increased throughput or productivity.

• Improving operating efficiencies.

• Improved quality.

• Increase consistency of output.

• Reduced direct human labour costs and expenses.

• Providing outstanding customer service.

VFD

• A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is a type of motorcontroller that drives an electric motor by varying thefrequency and voltage supplied to the electric motor.

• Other names for a VFD are variable speeddrive, adjustable speed drive, adjustable frequencydrive, AC drive, microdrive, and inverter.

• VFDs are used in applications ranging from smallappliances to the largest of mine mill drives andcompressors.

Working of VFD

• The first stage of a Variable Frequency ACDrive, or VFD, is the Converter.

• The VFD dc bus has a dc voltage with an ACripple. We can get rid of the AC ripple on theDC bus by adding a capacitor.

• Now the inverter converts the DC back to ACof required frequency.

Advantages of VFD

• VFDs allow you to match the speed of themotor-driven equipment to the loadrequirement.

• By operating motors at the most efficientspeed for your application, fewer mistakes willoccur, and production levels will increase.

• equipment will last longer and will have lessdowntime due to maintenance when it’scontrolled by VFDs

ABB ACS 150 DRIVE

ABB ACS DRIVE PROGRAMINGGroup

No. Name/Value Description

99 START-UP DATA Definition of motor set-up data

04 FAULT HISTORY Fault history (read-only)

11 REFERENCE SELECT Maximum reference

12 CONSTANT SPEEDS Constant speedsAs default constant speed selection is made through digital inputs DI3 and DI4.

DI3 DI4 operation

0 0 No operation

0 1 Speed defined by parameter 1202 CONST SPEED 1

1 0 Speed defined by parameter 1203 CONST SPEED 2

1 1 Speed defined by parameter 1204 CONST SPEED 3

ABB ACS DRIVE PROGRAMINGGroup No. Name/Value Description

13 ANALOG INPUTS Analog input signal minimum andmaximum

20 LIMITS Maximum frequency

21 START/STOP Stop mode of the motor

22 ACCEL/DECEL Acceleration and deceleration times

10 START/STOP/DIR The sources for external start, stop and direction control

14 RELAY OUT Status information indicated through relay output and relay operating delays

16 SYSTEM CONTROLS

Run enable, parameter lock etc.

34 PANEL DISPLAY Selection of actual signals to be displayed on the panel

PLC

A PLC (i.e. Programmable Logic Controller) is a device that

was invented to replace the necessary sequential relay circuits

for machine control.

The PLC works by looking at its inputs and depending upon

their state, turning on/off its outputs.

The user enters a program, usually via software, that gives the

desired results.

PLCs are used in many "real world" applications. Almost any

application that needs some type of electrical control has a

need for a PLC.

ABB TK406 unit , left-to-right: power supply unit, CPU, interface module andcommunication processor

14

Major Components of a Common PLC

PROCESSOR

POWERSUPPLY

I M

N O

P D

U U

T L

E

O M

U O

T D

P U

U L

T E

PROGRAMMING

DEVICE

From

SENSORS

Pushbuttons,

contacts,

limit switches,etc.

To

OUTPUT

Solenoids,

contactors,

alarmsetc.

15

Major Components of a Common PLC

POWER SUPPLY

Provides the voltage needed to run the primary PLC components

I/O MODULES

Provides signal conversion and isolation between the internal

logic- level signals inside the PLC and the field’s high levelsignal.

16

Major Components of a Common PLC

PROCESSOR

Provides intelligence to command and govern the activities of the

entire PLC systems.

PROGRAMMING DEVICE

used to enter the desired program that will determine the sequence

of operation and control of process equipment or driven machine.

Less wiring.

Wiring between devices and relay contacts are

done in the PLC program.

Easier and faster to make changes.

Trouble shooting aids make programming easier

and reduce downtime.

Reliable components make these likely to operate

for years before failure.

Advantages of PLC:

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Examples of PLC Programming Software:

1. Allen-Bradley – Rockwell Software RSLogix500

2. Modicon - Modsoft

3. Omron - Syswin

4. GE-Fanuc Series 6 – LogicMaster6

5. Square D- PowerLogic

6. Texas Instruments – Simatic

6. Telemecanique – Modicon TSX Micro

SCADA

SCADA stands for “Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition”.

Purely Software Package that is positioned on top of hardware.

SCADA refers to a system that collects data from various sensors at a

factory, plant or in other remote locations and then sends this data to a

central computer which then manages and controls the data.

SCADA focuses on gathering and circulating the right amount of

system information to the right person or computer within the right

amount of time.

SCADA in a Control Room

SCADA Softwares

SN Vender SACDA Software

1. Wonder ware In Touch 5.0 to 10.0

2. Siemens Ltd. Win CC/ Wincc Flexble

3. Allen Bradley Rs View

4. Intellution Fix DMACS

5. Schneider Factory View & CITEC

6. KIPT ASTRA ( Indian SCADA)

7. Merz Aspic

8 GE Fanuc Cimplicity

Conclusion

• we can Improve our efficiency( Reduce staff and work load).

• Improve accuracy, reduce errors• Improve documentation• Authorized access only, enhance security • Reduce job stress and staff turnover• Can provide outstanding customer service

Reference

• From Wikipedia

• Various slides given by automation engineers Raipur.

• ABB ACS 150 drive user manual.

• http://www.engineersgarage.com/articles/scada-systems

Query

Thank you