Maslow’s Hierarchy and an Introduction to Bloom’s

Taxonomy

August 2, 2010TE 818

Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (1943)

Studied exemplary people

Physiological Needs (warmth, shelter, food)

Security Needs (protection from danger)

Social Needs (love, friendship, comradeship)

Ego Needs (self respect, personal worth, autonomy)

Self Actualization Needs (full potential)

Abraham Maslow (1943)

Bloom’s TaxonomyCognitive Needs

Objectives: How will students be changed by the educative process? Teaching is intentional How will I help my students achieve

those objectives? Teaching is reasoned What objectives?

A verb (cognitive process) plus a noun (knowledge)

Organizing Questions

① What is important for students to learn in the limited school and classroom time available? (the learning question)

② How does one plan and deliver instruction that will result in high levels of learning for large numbers of students? (the instruction question)

③ How does one select or design assessment instruments and procedures that provide accurate information about how well students are learning? (the assessment question)

④ How does one ensure that objectives, instruction, and assessment are consistent with one another? (the alignment question)

Bloom’s Taxonomy:A learning process

Four Types of Knowledge

Factual Knowledge Basic elements

Conceptual Knowledge Interrelationships among basic

elements

Procedural Knowledge How to do something

Metacognitive Knowledge Knowledge of cognition

THE TAXONOMY TABLECOGNITIVE PROCESS DIMENSION

FACTUAL KNOWLEDGE

KNOWLEDGE

DIMENSION

1. REMEMBE

RRecognizin

gRecalling

2.UNDERSTAN

DInterpretingExemplifyingClassifying

SummarizingInferring

ComparingExplaining

3.APPLY

ExecutingImplementin

g

4.ANALYZE

Differentiating

OrganizingAttributing

5.EVALUATECheckingCritiquing

6.CREATE

GeneratingPlanning

Producing

CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE

PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE

METACOGNITIVE KNOWLEDGE

References

http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/coursedev/models/id/taxonomy/

http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy

http://cstep.csumb.edu/Obj_tutorial/bloomwheel.html

Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (Eds.). (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching and assessing: A revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of educational objectives: Complete edition, New York : Longman.

Bloom, Benjamin S. & David R. Krathwohl. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals, by a committee of college and university examiners. Handbook 1: Cognitive domain. New York , Longmans.

Huitt, W. (2007). Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved July 28, 2010 from, http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/regsys/maslow.html