Außenliegende Wand- und Lufttemperierung „LowEx …Quelle: Recknagel/Sprenger, 07/08 Model Tsi...
Transcript of Außenliegende Wand- und Lufttemperierung „LowEx …Quelle: Recknagel/Sprenger, 07/08 Model Tsi...
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LEXU II„Low Exergy Wall & Air Tempering for Building Refurbishment“
TRNSYS Experience Seminar 2018
M.Eng. Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH, Saarbrücken
External doctoral student at the University of Luxembourg
Belval (Luxembourg) 20.04.2018
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LEXU II:
Motivation, contents und work packages
Research project LEXU IIExternal wall tempering
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Research project LEXU IIExternal wall tempering
Motivation, contents und work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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Outlying/external wall tempering (aWT): special case of TABS
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LEXU II:
Existing wallU-value > 1 W/m²K
Insid
e
Acitve
Layer
insulation
Ou
tsid
e
1) Installation of panelheating/tempering „from the outside“
2) Installation of an ETICS (WDVS)
Position of the panel heating:
Inside of the thermal envelope of thebuilding, outside of the existing wall, in front of the ETICS
Panel heating for existing buildings & thermal acitvation for the existing buildingstructure
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Details:„Außenliegende Wandtemperierung“ – LowEx-Anwendung zur Temperierung von Bestandsgebäuden und thermischen Aktivierung der
Bestandswand: Theoretische Grundlagen und Kennwerte; Schmidt, C., Altgeld, Luther, Maas, Scholzen.; in Bauphysik 39 (2017), Heft 4, S.215-223
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Advantages and disadvantages of the aWT
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LEXU II:
Advantages:
Thermal bridges / building damages
Heating and cooling possible
Increase of the inner surfacetemperature thermal comfort
Usage of very low fluid temperatures LowEx
Thermal acitvation of the existingbuilding structure storage
Refurbishmant „from the outside“(without impairment for theinhabitants) minimally invasive
Disadvantages:
Additional heat losses Efficiency of the aWT
Slow heating system.
Focus: control strategies
„base load heating“
„New“ on-site build system:
„new“ and many interfaces
„new“ and many sources of error
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Research project LEXU IIExternal air tempering
Motivation, contents und work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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LEXU II:
Motivation, contents and work packages
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Research project LEXU IIExternal air tempering
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InsideOutside
External air tempering (aLT)
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LEXU II:
1) Existing wall
2) Active Layer
3) Air Gap
4) ETICS
5) Air inlet (hatch/filter)
6) Air outlet (hatch/filter)
7) Fan (Rohreinschub-)
Fresh air
Supply air
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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External air tempering (aLT)
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LEXU II:
Exemplary comparison aWT – aLT (referred to 20°C room temperature):
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0
10
20
30
40
50
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Heat
flux
[W/m
²]
Heating overtemperature [K]
Qi_aLH Qi_aWH Qa_aLH Qa_aWH Qw_aLH Qw_aWH
Results generated with TRNSYS 17TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
QL
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Energetic advantages:- The aLT (air) is like an additional heat transfersurface within the wall structure
- The efficiency can be increased by reducing thelosses over the thermal insulation layer
- The importance of ventilation increases by anenergetic refurbishment (higher tightness of thethermal envelope). By an combination of aWT &aLT the heat load can be complete covered
Positive control effects:The slow adjustable aWT will be ideally orperfectly complemented by the quicklyadjustable aLT.
Base Load + Peak Load possible.
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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Modeling of the aLT in TRNSYS
Energetic examination and futher simulations
(fluid dynamics simulation in ANSYS)
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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Room
Out
side
TLuft,OUT
TSE,LK TSI,LKTSE,WA TSI,WA
mLuft,OUT
mLuft,INTLuft,IN
QIQA
QL
QW
Exterior wall construction Interior
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Modeling of the aLT in TRNSYS: Two possibilities
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Conclusion:
Similar simulations results to Type 1230 and to the
measurement results from the test wall; BUT very high
input effort (up to 128 airnodes) and high error rate
(lots of linkings) no further considerations
Out
side
Exterior wall
TAN1
TR1
TAN2
T...
T...
T...
T...
TANn-2
TANn-1
TANn
Exterior wall construction Interior
Boundary wall
Room 1Room 2
Multi-zone (airnode) approach in Type 56 Type 1230: Ventilated Facade (TESS)
Conclusion:
Less input effort. Division of the thermal
envelope between Type 56 and Type 1230.
Tricky linking beetween Type 1230 and Type 56
Out
side
S1 S2
S3
Linking
Internal part of the exterior wall
Insi
de
Type1230 Type 56
TANn
Bachelor-Thesis: Modellierung einer außenliegenden Luftheizung mit Hilfe der Software TRNSYS…, Daniel Schmidt, htw saar, 2013
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Out
side
Exterior part of the external wall
Air Gap
Res
isti
ve L
ayer
Tgap,i
Linking
Interior part of the external wall
TSO
Type1230 Type 56
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
TRNBuild: Zone XY / Airnode XY
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Out
side
Exterior part of the external wall
Air Gap
Res
isti
ve L
ayer
Tgap,i
Linking
Interior part of the external wall
TSO
Type1230 Type 56
Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
TRNBuild: Output Manager (Ntype 18)
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Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Out
side
Exterior part of the external wall
Air Gap
Res
isti
ve L
ayer
Tgap,i
Linking
Interior part of the external wall
TSO
Type1230 Type 56
TSO_ID (hier ID4) Input-Nr. 6: Back surface temperature
Output-Nr. 7: Average interior air gap surface temperature
Input “Boundary Condtions” (hier “T_1230”)
Simulation Studio
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Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56
Definition of the resistive layer
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Inverse
TRNBuild: Wall Type Manager
Type 1230: Parameter
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Linking between Type 1230 und Type 56 (for the aLT)
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Type 1230: Output TRNBuild: Ventilation Type Manager
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Verification of Type 1230
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Comparison of an external wall with air layer (non ventilated) in Type 56 and Type 1230 + Type 56
S1 S2 S3
TSITSO
QSIQSO
Um
gebu
ng
S4 S5
Type 56
Um
gebu
ng
S1 S2 S3.1
Verknüpfung QSIQSO
TSO TSI
S3.2 S4 S5
Type1230 Type 56
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Verification of Type 1230
Stationary conditions
Transient conditions
With/without irradiation
Variation of the thickness of the air gap
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120130140150
Ther
mal
Res
ista
nce
ofth
eai
rgap
R [m
²K/W
]
Thickness of air gap [mm]
Quelle: Recknagel/Sprenger, 07/08
Model Tsi
[°C]
Tso
[°C]
Qsi
[W]
Qso
[W]
Type 56 19,28 0,162 3,54 3,54
Type 56+ Type 1230 19,29 0,159 3,49 3,49
Summary:
Differences
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Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Nr. Description Thickness
1 Wood-fiberboard 18 mm
2 Insulation (Polystyrene) 160 mm
3 Wood-fiberboard 10 mm
4 Capillary tubes: acitve layer 10 mm
5 Air gap 20 mm
6 Insulation (Polystyrene) 160 mm
7 Wood-fiberboard 18 mm
3
SurroundingSurrounding
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Luftauslass
Lufteinlass
Pt 100
Temp
Ausdehnungsgefäß
Befüllung
HAAKEF3-CH
Bypass
Pt 100
Platten-WT
Entlüftung
Testwand
Anzeige
p
m_pkt
Pt 100
Pt 100
Temp
Temp
aLT-Laborwand
V_pkt
TL,aus
TL,ein
TW,ein
TW,aus
VL
mW
Measuring points:
- TL,ein: Inlet temperature „air“ [°C]
- TL,aus: Outlet temperatur „air“ [°C]
- TW,ein: Inlet temperature „water“ [°C]
- TW,aus: Outlet temperature „water“ [°C]
- VL: volume flow air [m³/s]
- mW: mass flow water [kg/min]
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Laboratory wall / test bench of the aLT
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LEXU II:
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Validation of Type 1230
Comparison between measured data and simulation results
Detailed evaluation and validation just in progress (>40 test series) Paper BauSim 2018, Karlsruhe (?)
Documentation of a first validation for the aWT & aLT:
LEXU II – Einsatz von aussenliegender Wandtemperierung bei der Gebäudesanierung; Schmidt, C., Altgeld, Groß, Luther, Schmidt,
D.; Proceedings of CESBP/BauSim 2016, Dresden
92.0%
94.0%
96.0%
98.0%
100.0%
102.0%
104.0%
106.0%
1 2 3 4 5
QWasser QLuft
First Conclusion:
Good accordance of the measured data and the simulation results; differences ~5%
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Building C 3.1 on the campus of „Universität des Saarlandes“
Year of construction: 1969
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
Western frontageHeight: ~15 mWidth: ~13,5 mArea: ~200 m²0,36 m ferroconcrete (Stahlbeton)
Quelle: Google Maps, 2017
N
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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Detailed planning of the facade
Idea: room-by-room control aWT + field test area aWT & aLT
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
Field test
aLT
Field test aWT
Kapillarrohrmatte „Optimat SB 20“Hersteller: Clina, BerlinStammrohr: 20 x 2 mmKapillarrohr 4,3 x 0,8 mmAbstand A: 20 mmLänge: 60-600 mmBreite: ab 150 mm Fertigung der Matten passend für die Fassade
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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Realization
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
Final step „Modeling of the aLT“: Validation of Type 1230 by a comparison with
measured data from the field test area
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Hydraulic diagram „Demonstrator“
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LEXU II: Demonstrator
TRNSYS Experience Seminar, Belval (LUX), 20.04.2018, Christoph Schmidt, IZES gGmbH
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4
3
5
6
8 7
Eisspeicher
Pufferspeicher
PVT-Kollektor
Mehrere Heizkreise
„aWT/aLT“
Wärmepumpe
WT3WT2
WT1
Ice Storage
Heat pump
Buffer storage
PVT-CollectorFacade
To Do: Modeling the components
in TRNSYS and validation
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Many thanks to the funding authority, our project partner and supporters!Project management Project partner
WIDAG GbR
Dr. Gerhard Luther
Funding
Referat FM:
Facility Management
Supporter
HGE Ingenieur GmbH
Contact: IZES gGmbH, Altenkesseler Str. 17,Geb. A1, D-66115 Saarbrücken,Tel: 0681-844972-46, Mail: [email protected], www.projekt-lexu.de
mailto:[email protected]://www.projekt-lexu.de/