1

Contents

Subject Page

01. What is hardware & output hardware 02

02. Monitor 03

03. Projector 04

04. Audio output hardware 05

05. Printer 06

06. Plotter 07

07.Multifunction Printer Technology 08

2

Output Hardware

Hardware: Hardware is the visual part of a computer system. The physical devices that make up the computer are called hardware.

In general computer hardware is categorized according to which of the five computer operations it performs.

Input Processing & memory Output Storage Communications.

Output Hardware: Output hardware is the hardware that provides the user to view and use the information produced by the computer.

Softcopy output hardware: Softcopy refers to temporary image, sound such as those displayed on a monitor and played in a speaker.

Monitor Projector Sound System

Hardcopy output hardware: Hardcopy refers to printer output because it is relatively permanent form.

Printer Plotter.

3

Monitors:

Softcopy output generally refers to the display on a monitor. It is the output device that people use most. Monitor run under the control of a graphics display adapter card plugged into an expansion slot on the system board.

There are two types of monitors,

CRT Monitors Flat-Panel Monitors

CRT Monitors: The cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube used as a display screen in a computer or video display terminal. A stream of bits defining the image is sent from the computer to the CRT’s electron gun, where electrons are activated according to the bit patterns. The front of the CRT screen is coated inside with phosphor. When a beam of electron from the electron gun hits the phosphor, it lights up selected pixels to generate an image on the screen.

Flat-Panel Monitor CRT Monitor

4

Flat-Panel Monitors: Flat-Panel displays are much thinner, weight less, and consume less power. They have used for years in portable computers, and now they are available for desktop computers. Flat-panel displayed image are not always as good as CRT image, and flat-panel image cannot be clearly viewed from an angle.

Screen Clarity: Screen clarity depends on three qualities – resolution, dot pitch and refresh rate.

Resolution: The clarity or sharpness of the display screen is called it’s resolution. Standard screen resolutions are 640*480, 800*600, 1024*768, 1280*1024 and 1600*1200.

Dot pitch: Dot pitch is the amount of space between pixels. Refresh rate: Refresh rate is the number of times per second that the pixels are

recharged so that their glow remains bright.

Projectors:

To get presentation onto the “big screen’, digital light projector are becoming increasingly common. A digital light projector plugs into one of the computer’s port and then projects the video output onto an external surface.

5

Audio Output Hardware:

Hardware devices that enable voice output and sound output, also considered to be softcopy output.

Voice Output: Voice output devices convert digital data into speech-like sounds. These devices are no longer very unusual. Some uses of speech output are simply frivolous or amusing. We can replace our computer start-up beep with the sound of James Brown screaming, “I feel goooood”.

Sound Output: Sound output devices produce digitized sounds, ranging from beeps and chirps to music. To exercise these possibilities, we need both the necessary software and the sound card. The sound card plugs into an expansion slot in our computer, but it is commonly integrated with the motherboard on newer computers.

The digital sound outputs go to a mixer, a device that balances and controls music and sounds. They can then flow through stereo speakers or be recorded. Microcomputers often come with a sound speaker, although these speakers often have a rather tinny quality. For good sound you will need to connect external speakers.

6

Printers:

A printer is an output device that prints characters, symbols and graphics on paper. There are two types of printers:

Impact Printer Nonimpact Printer

Impact Printer: It forms characters or images by striking a mechanism as a print hammer or wheel against an inked ribbon, leaving an image on paper.

Dot-matrix Printer

Nonimpact Printer: Nonimpact printers form characters and images without direct physical contact between the printing mechanism and the paper. Two types of nonimpact printers often used in microcomputer:

Laser Printer Ink-jet Printer

Laser Printer: Laser printer creates image with dots. These images are created on a drum, treated with a magnetically charged ink-like tonner (power), and then transferred from drum to paper.

There are good reasons why laser printers are popular. They produce sharp, crisp images of both text and graphics.

Ink-jet Printer: Ink-jet printers spray small, electrically charged droplets of ink from four nozzles through holes in a matrix at a high speed onto paper.

Ink-jet printers can print in color and are quieter and much less expensive than a color laser printer.

7

Plotter:

A plotter is a specialized output device designed to produce high-quality graphics in a variety of colors. Plotters are used for creating large hardcopy items such as maps, architectural drawing and 3D illustrations. Such items are usually too large to be printed on regular printer.

8

Multifunction Printer Technology:

Everything is becoming something else and even printers are becoming devices than can do more than print. Multifunction devices combine several capabilities such as printing, scanning. Copying and faxing, all in one device. Examples are the HP OfficeJet and the Canon MultiPuss.

:: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ::