ASSIGNMENT-Construction Personnel Management

8/10/2019 ASSIGNMENT-Construction Personnel Management

1/13

CONSTRUCTION PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT 2014

IntroductionPlanning for a project in a remote area involves lot of planning and strategies. The basic

job of a project manager is not only to complete project in time but also to finish it with

the best of the available resources, management of men, machines and material in safeand economic manner by optimum utilizing the installed capacities and under alladverse conditions.

Understanding the problemThe situation here is a typical problem faced at construction site located in remoteregions. Both workforce and management slowly become tired with a life of work and nosource of entertainment. It leads to heightened level of frustration among peopleworking in remote areas. But the case presented here has worsened, possibly due tolack of basic infrastructure i.e. proper housing and healthcare facilities and easyavailability of li uor. !lso it is evident that a safety officer is not present at the work siteand work force is not kept motivated by the leadership. !s a result the project is losingboth uality and time.

Summarizing the main Pro !em" !bsenteeism "ue To #ickness

!bsenteeism "ue To $uarrels % "rinking

!ccidents at site

Technical problems

&orking condition at remote location.

'ess productivity % irregularity of workman hampering the project progress.

Involvement of "angerous ( hazardous activity

Possible reasons of various problems Involvement of )igh risk construction activity.

Improper *anpower *anagement Planning % absenteeism of workmen.

+n )ygienic surroundings % Temporary !ccommodation

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune /


2/13


0on availability of *edical facilities at the vicinity of the project #ite

!vailability of !lcohol % onsumption of !lcohol by the 'abours.

&ork related risk of rural construction workers.

#torage of materials

Technical problems

Needs and their ful llment on site

1. Involvement of High risk construction activityProper construction methodology is to be established prior to starting of activity. Design stability to be ensured for each supporting/ enablingworks. Identify risk involvement of each project related activity and theirimpact. ighlight/ intimate risk identi ed and collect the suitableeconomical suggestion through conducting inter brainstorming orconsultancy from outside. Involvement of human resource to beminimi!ed by identifying alternate automated methods. "#plore thepossibility of engagement of modern technology applicable for the projectwork. "nsuring the good condition of the machinery involved. Preparemethodology statement understandable for frontline supervisor/technician who have more practical knowledge and less theoreticalknowledge.

Re#ommen$ation %or $angerou" an$ hazar$ou" #on"tru#tion a#ti&it'() 3nsure preparation of proper construction methodology prior to start.

onduct training for the supervisor( technician on the methodology adopted.

Identify more machinery and reduce manpower involvement as much aspossible.

4eep e uipment in good condition.

3nsure the stability of the enabling structure.

1egular conduct training for workmen engaged in particular activity.

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune 5


3/13


2. Improper Manpower Management Planning absenteeism of workmen

Prepare a proper schedule of the Project and !ssign 1esources to each Task i.e. each !ctivity, !ssigning 1esources means Identify manpower re uired for each Task andwhat is the availability of manpower and how much work has been done till date andhow much work is to be done. Identify Type of manpower re uired i.e. #killed 6or7unskilled.

If manpower is in ade uate try to get more manpower or Try to use the availablemanpower 8ully so that ma9imum amount of work to complete and try to complete the+rgent woks such that it does not affect our project duration, reschedule the project andupdated schedule to head office and inform them weekly work progress so that they can

help you to overcome the manpower problem or, try to motivate the available manpower by giving e9tra benefits if they complete the project in time. 2r If manpower is very lessthan re uired then immediately inform head office so that they can send some moremanpower so that the project can run smoothly.

+nderstand the project in all respects and get all details of the projects i.e. #itecondition, contract conditions, technical specifications, construction techni ues,and time frame. &orking out the labour component in various parameters of theproject .by using constants to workout labour re uirement lassifying and categorizinglabour re uirement and various jobs by level of skill, responsibility, nature of work etc.

"etermine the duration of each job or task at every stage of project.3stimate the number of manpower re uired in view of the anticipated of absenteeismand labour turnover and the stability factor.

*anpower management has some principles to follow that should be known by theproject manager and also the management of the company.

Re#ommen$ation on Man*o+er Management P!anning

$anpower planning involve some of steps which the projectmanager has to follow for the same engagement of manpower%because the tunnel project is a large project with more number of manpower involved in the project.

Developing source of manpower supply for all categories of manpower.

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune :


4/13


&nderstanding the project in all respect and get details of theproject i.e. 'ite condition% (ontract condition% )echnicalspeci cations% (onstruction techni*ues and time frame.

+orking out the labour component in various parameters of the

project% by using consultants to work out labour re*uirement. (lassifying and categorising labour re*uirement and various jobs by

level of skill% responsibility% nature of work% etc.

"stimation of manpower re*uired in view of the anticipated of absenteeism and labour turnover and stability factor.

"nsure the guideline set by the organi!ation for engagement of manpower to be followed.

,o!!o+ing *rin#i*!e" "hou!$ e a**!ie$

(are and skill should be e#ercised in the selection of employees.

Introduction to the job should be friendly% skillful and ade*uate.

"ach employee should be made to feel that his e,orts are reallyappreciated.

(onsideration should be given to the e,ect that each rule andinstruction may have on the feelings of employees.

"mployees should have apart in planning those things that a,ecttheir working conditions.

$anagement should be absolutely fair in every policy and everypractice.o "ach employee should have a feeling of pride in the importance of his work and his place in the company

!. Un"Hygienic surroundings #emporary $ccommodationBefore #tarting of the project *anagement has to well plan because this project islong duration so manpower involved will be more it is the one of the preliminary needfor the employees % workers.

+nhygienic surrounding observed in the project are as follows;

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune


5/13


Poor drainage condition resulting in stagnant water causing growth of mos uito, which develop the possibility of malaria in workmen.

#hallow tube oil for drinking water resulting in water diseases.

Improper toilet and latrine facilities for workmen.

Inade uate space for leaving.

ooking facilities not available towards labour hut.

anteen for foo not allotted to labours.

leaning of waste material from the colony area.

Sugge"tion Metho$" %or -'giene ,a#tor"*anagement has to well plan for the temporary shelters in such a way that number of workers will be involved in the project and how many shelters are re uired and for different category of employees will be working at site and different types of sheltersshould be constructed with different facility what all materials re uired for construction any how much time re uired to construct it so that all those thing shouldbe completed before starting of project, *anagement should built temporary sheltersfor the workers who will be working at site because the site is at remote areaworkers cannot be able to say at their home and come for work it is the preliminary

re uirement for the workers so management has to take e9tra precautions, ! siteoffice also be built with all necessary re uirements, drinking water should be goodbecause most of diseases are spread by water so it is important step to taken careby management.

%. &on availability of Medical facilities at the vicinity of thepro'ect (ite*anagement should send a medical team to site and they should stay there tillcompletion of project. They should be supplied necessary e uipments and medical

kits so that they can manage any hazardous situation i.e. any sudden accidents theycan handle the situation, any epidemic occurred they can overcome that situation.By this work will be smoothly progressed and number of workers absenteeism willbe reduced. &orker who is sick will be taken care by medical team he will berecovered uickly and he can start doing the work so that manpower problem issolved.

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune =


6/13


). $vailability of $lcohol *onsumption of $lcohol by the+aboursThis is the major problem with labour because they drink daily after work so that theyget some relief from whole day work and body pains, but management should try to

avoid drinking alcohol or try to get them in limited dose so that they have it n just gofor sleep if they get it in e9cess uantities they will be drinking whole night and ne9tday they will be absenteeism and also after e9cess drinking they start uarrelingbetween themselves it>s a big problem for the project manager while uarreling theymay be any accidents that leads to more absenteeism that will also indirectly effectsthe progress of project. If this uarreling happens regularly then management has totake some precaution steps to handle that problem. #uch as try to avoid theavailability of alcohol near the site so that the labour cannot consume much alcoholand this problem is solved and the project may continue smoothly.

,. -ork related risk of rural construction workersThe workers are vulnerable not only because they are rural workers who do notenjoy the same e ual social protection as their urban counterparts. Theyare vulnerable also because they work in the construction industry which brings withit a set of risks that are particularly serious for construction workers. They are alsomigrants who are not yet fully integrated into urban life and keep distinctive lifestyles.Therefore, even if the state policy intends to e9tend the formal social securityschemes to these workers, a combination of work related risks, and social risks andpersonal understanding of the risks, often e9pressed with their status as rural urban

migrants, may lead to the failure of a simple e9tension of social security.To understand the challenges better, it is important to distinguish work related andstatus related risks that affect the livelihood of these workers.

#ome subcontractors deliberately holds the money for a long time to earn interest.&hen a subcontractor mainly hires from his home village or state, he is more likelyto behave in a more responsible way, as he has to face pressure back home. 'ate or missing pay is more common when a subcontractor hires from outside his homestate.

!nother work related risk is injuries. onstruction work involves hard labour andoperation of heavy e uipment. Industrial accidents are fre uent, especially amongpoorly trained and ine9perienced workers.

*easures to minimize the work related risks;

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune ?


7/13


3nsure time release of labour payment and monitor actual payment towardslabour involved.

3nsure safety standard for protection against industrial injuries

./ (torage of MaterialsThis is also a major problem for such a big project and at remote place materials willbe at site well before start of project so store rooms should be properly built well inadvance so that it will not create a problem while e9ecution of work for that what allemployees re uired and how many number re uired should be planned before sothat materials are properly handled by this only the cost of project depends.

. #echnical problemsThe management should have complete knowledge of what all technical problem mayoccurs while e9ecution of project and it has to take proper precautions and it should bewell planned before so that it would not affect the project duration, what are causes of the problems and how to overcome the problems. There can be technical problems like1oof #palling, &ater #eepage, etc. in tunnel construction. The cause of roof spalling istype of formation of rock, rock with e9cess of foliations, joint % poor rock mass leads tothe rock spalling. The cause of water seepage is mainly due to the discontinuous rockformation, -round water table height etc.

Sugge"tion Metho$ to o&er#ome the Pro !em"

Tunnel should be properly scaling to remove loose rock mass % cement grouting shouldbe done so that the rock will get some e9tra strength so that it can hold properly itcannot be fallen down easily. Tunnel should be properly provision of steel ribsimmediately so that it will be support on the steel rids and work can be progresssmoothly and project manager should have all this materials well in advance becausethese materials are re uired suddenly.

&hile designing the tunnel they should provide proper drainage system so that if thewater is accumulating in the tunnel it will affect the progress of work, so drainagesystem should be such that water accumulated should be uickly drained any fromworking space so that it does not affect the work progress. 2r proper grouting should bedone so that the rock will get more strength so that it can stop the water seepage intothe tunnel. This is the easy method to overcome the seepage problem, the other

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune @


8/13


method to overcome the seepage problem covering the tunnel section with water proofing membranes it will also not allow the water to seepage into the tunnel so thatwork can be progress smoothly.

Re#ommen$ation to Management

Top *anagement should be more responsible and it should have to properly monitor theprogress of work and if any urgent needs at site should be fulfilled as uickly aspossible and it should see that the lower and middle management is working properlyare not. If any accidents are hazardous situation then top management has to urge todo some help to lower and middle management so that they can overcome the situationthey must send some team so that will help them and work will be progress smoothly.Tunnel project is a very large project it will take lot of time to complete the whole projectso management has to be well prepared of all the fore coming situations i.e. laborsproblems, absenteeism etc. *anagement has to determine the functions of each level

of management it should be clear for all the employees and management has to monitor such that each employee is doing his duty properly are not.

ygiene factorsProject managers must identify series of factor in the work situation of individuals that isinfluencing their attitudes % performance and whose intensity and duration affectedtheir work behavior. )ygiene factor is one of the factors that affect theindividual performance. )ygiene factor in the job, when ade uate, had negative effecton employee>s attitudes. )owever, when present, they had no positive effect. Thismeant that the provision of good pay and employment conditions were absolutelynecessary to attract good people to the company. )owever, it would be false to e9pectthat having provided these things, employees would give their very best efforts. )ygienefactors are something that have to be provided and without which no person worth hiswhile will join the organization. )ygiene factors are necessary to create motivation butare powerless by themselves. This mean that if hygiene factors are absent in a job,employs will not feel motivated. But the techni ues of motivation will not work if pay andemployment conditions are not ade uate. The lesson for management is that if you do

not e9pect motivated work force. )owever, if you provide hygiene factors it can ensureyou in certain circumstances that a job gets done in the uantitative sense. But if youare looking for uality, desire to e9cel, concern for economy , care of the materials ande uipments, then you need to create a motivating environment and this is what)erzberg called management. )erzbergAs research proved that people will strive toachieve AhygieneA needs because they are unhappy without them, but once satisfied the

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune


9/13


effect soon wears off satisfaction is temporary. Then as now, poorly managedorganizations fail to understand that people are not AmotivatedA by addressing AhygieneAneeds. People are only truly motivated by enabling them to reach for and satisfy thefactors that )erzberg identified as real motivators, such as achievement, advancement,development, etc., which represent a far deeper level of meaning and fulfillment.

39amples of )erzbergAs AhygieneA needs 6or maintenance factors7 in the workplace are;

Providing a proper direction 6even if Theory C7

Policy

1elationship with supervisor.

&ork conditions.

#alary

ompany car

#tatus

#ecurity

1elationship with subordinates

Personal life

$otivation factors

Motivation of /mployees in *onstruction Pro'ect*otivation is the driving force within individuals that drive them physiologically andpsychologically to pursue one or more goals to fulfill their needs or e9pectations.*otivators may be intrinsic or e9trinsic. !n e9ample of an intrinsic motivator is the self

fulfillment of a worker as a result of performing a task well.

Motivation of labor in *onstruction Pro'ectonstruction labor can be motivated. This is important because dwindling productivity is

a major problem confronting construction today. Productivity has decreased every year for the past decade, in part because of increasing design comple9ity, more rigorous

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune D


10/13


federal and state regulations and socio economic changes affecting the work force. 2ur findings indicate that a highly motivated workforce enhances productivity and projecteffectiveness.

In construction, the work itselfE that is, the building of a structure for all to behold is a

key motivator for all levels of management and the work force. Therefore, a wellplanned project seems to be the first E and most important E step to achieve goodproductivity. +nfortunately, on large industrial projects, craftsmen often receive onlyminimal amounts of information about their work.

"uplication of effort, numerous modifications to plans, and schedules that consistentlyslip makes it difficult to maintain a motivated workforce. 2n large power plant projects,changes in design and problems with material availability are considered the major demotivating factors. &ith effective pre planning, the availability of materials will bechecked before workers are assigned to an area so workers do not start in one location

only to have to be shifted to another location. are in this respect should improveworker motivation and productivity and help promote a high level of accomplishment.

*ost foremen and craftsmen take considerable pride in the work they do. )aving to ripout their work and redo it can be e9tremely discomforting. In fact, if it is e9tensive,redoing parts of a project may be the worst demotivator of all. raftsmen viewovercrowded conditions and crew interference due to e9tensive rework as demotivating.&orse, such problems can create hostile feelings as a result of the frustration. "esignstandardization can help to minimize rework and improve morale.

Motivational Programs !lthough some uni ue motivational programs were found, the vast majority can begrouped into five primary categories; goal setting, incentives, positive reinforcement6i.e., recognition for a job well done7, worker participation, and work facilitation. Thefollowing presents a dissertation on each of the five categories discussing first their usein other industries and then their application to construction.

Motivational techni0uesThe motivational techni ues are as follows;

! letter of praise from costumer directly shared with the employees who deliveredthe service.

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune /F


11/13


Providing training to employees. 2ffer them opportunity to improve themselves.

Involve employees in decisions that directly affect them.

#pecial wage increase should be given to employees who do their jobs well.

Provide better job description so that emplyees will know e9actly what ise9pected of them.

Individual incentive bonuses based upon values that need to be reinforced.

)aving good e uipment to work with. -ood working conditions.

Being trustworthy and respectable.

Gob security.

8eedback should be constructive and timely.

-elfare amenitiesTo mitigate desire productivity the welfare amenities shoulf d be ensured towards wrken.The following welfare amenities at site for workers should be provided.

anteen

1est rooms 0ight shelter

lean drinking water

'atrines and urinals

&ashing facilities

8irst aid facilities

)ousing

rHche

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune //


12/13


$bsenteeism and #urnover The "epartment of 3nergy study indicated that the absenteeism and turnover are arelatively minor concern to workmen. #till, they can have a major impact on total projectproductivity. )igh rates of absenteeism are a concern, however, to individuals who had

to carry e9tra workloads to compensate for missing crewmembers. The low jobsatisfaction resulted in high absence from work and high turnover. Thus absenteeismand turnover can be viewed as effects of motivational !ctivities or demotivationalconcerns. The cost of motivational programs is often justified by the reducedabsenteeism and turnover.

8or e9ample, the cost of *5 group 3ngineering Pvt 'td. Big "esigning % onstructionompany 2n eight projects has been more than paid for by the reduction in

absenteeism and the reduced costs associated with hiring fewer workmen. "irector indicated that it re uired some amount per employee to process paper work plus two to

three weeks of each new employeeAs time to learn the job. !gain, the figures onattendance and turnover measure the motivational effort that is financially justified.*oreover, awards for good records are perhaps the most effective method to decreaseabsenteeism.

-ecommendation to managementonsidering the project analysis and feasibility study made the following

recommendation should be e9tended towards management;

"eployment of consultant for construction method finalization. "eployment of "octor and first aid centre with ade uate medicine facilities.

!rrangement of periodical medical check ups for labours.

Proper screening of labour prior to engage them in risk job.

Technical knowledge to be screened for workers.

Identifying more resource pull for workers.

Promoting motivational scheme for workers.

Incentive scheme to be implemented for enhancing motivation towards work.

#pecial care to be taken in accounts of hygiene aspect of labour hut,

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune /5


13/13


#eparate labour to be deployed for maintenance of labour colony.

1emote allowance can be introduced for labours.

ibliography ! -uide to the Project *anagement Body of 4nowledge. &illiam 1."uncan5.

*anagement in organization by 4oontz and 2doneal, *ac-raw )ill:.

0 P 55 6 onstruction Personnel *anagement7

P-P *, / st #em., 0I *!1 #2"3, Pune /:

ASSIGNMENT-Construction Personnel Management

Documents

Transcript of ASSIGNMENT-Construction Personnel Management