Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional...

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Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional Name Structural Name Degree of Movement Example Synarthroses Fibrous Immovable Sutures of skull Amphiarthrose s Cartilaginous Slightly movable Symphysis Pubis Diarthroses Synovial Freely movable Shoulder joint

Transcript of Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional...

Page 1: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

ArticulationsPoints of contact between bones

(Joints)

Primary Joint Classifications

Functional Name Structural Name Degree of Movement

Example

Synarthroses Fibrous Immovable Sutures of skull

Amphiarthroses Cartilaginous Slightly movable Symphysis Pubis

Diarthroses Synovial Freely movable Shoulder joint

Page 2: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

SynarthrosesFibrous Joints

Page 3: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

AmphiarthrosesCartilaginous Joints

Page 4: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

DiarthrosesSynovial Joints

•Most mobile joints•Most numerous joints•Most complex joints•Structures Joint Capsule – sleevelike casing around ends of bones to bind them together Synovial Membrane – membrane lining capsule; secretes synovial fluid Articular Cartilage – cartilage covering articular

surface of bones Joint Cavity – small space between articulating

surfaces Menisci – pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones Ligaments – strong dense white fibrous tissue

that hold bones of a synovial joint firmly together

Bursae – synovial membranes filled with synovial fluid; cushions joints and help movement of tendons

Page 5: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Types of Synovial Joints

uniaxial

biaxial

multiaxial

Between C1 & C2

Elbow, knee

Thumb Between radius and carpals

Shoulder, hip

Vertebrate

Page 6: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Shoulder Joint(ball and socket)

Page 7: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Hip Joint(ball and socket)

Page 8: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Knee Joint(hinge)

Page 9: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.
Page 10: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Vertebral Joints(gliding)

Page 11: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Range of Motion (ROM)

•ROM assessment used to determine extent of joint injury

•Goniometer – instrument used to measure ROM

Page 12: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Angular Movements

Hyperextension

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Page 13: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Circular Movements

Circumduction

Page 14: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Gliding Movements

Page 15: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Special Movements

Inversion

Eversion

Page 16: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Noninflammatory Joint DiseasesOsteoarthritis

•Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)•most common NIJD of moveable joints

•Wear and tear deterioration •Atrophy of articular cartilage•Formation of new bone at joint surface•Most common in weight-bearing joints (hips, lumbar spine, knees)•Symptoms: stiffness, pain, limited movement•Cause: unknown•Treatment: none to stop progression•Treatment for symptoms: NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

•aspirin, ibuprofen, Celebrex, Vioxx

Page 17: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Noninflammatory Joint DiseasesTraumatic Injuries - Dislocation

•articular surfaces of bones not in proper contact•can damage blood vessels and nerves•can tear ligaments•pain and swelling•Treatment: realignment

Page 18: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Noninflammatory Joint DiseasesTraumatic Injuries - Dislocation

Page 19: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Noninflammatory Joint DiseasesTraumatic Injuries – Meniscus Tear

•one of most common athletic injuries•severe tears produce: edema, pain,•instability, limited motion•Treatment: arthroscopic surgery

Page 20: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Normal Meniscus Linear Tear of Medial Meniscus

Page 21: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Noninflammatory Joint DiseasesTraumatic Injuries – Sprain

•acute musculoskeletal injury to ligaments surrounding joint•Cause: twisting movement•Symptoms: bruising from rupture of blood vessels, limited motion

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Inflammatory Joint DiseasesArthritis - Rheumatoid Arthritis

•chronic and systemic inflammatory connective tissue disease

•Cause: unknown

•Inflammation of synovial membrane, destruction of cartilage, bone erosion, progressive crippling and deformity

•Small joints effected first (hand, wrist, feet) but progresses to larger joints

•Symptoms: pain, inflammation, decreased mobility, aching, stiffness, fever, anemia, weight loss, profound fatigue

•May cause damage to blood vessels, eyes, lungs, heart

•Treatment: Corticosteroid drugs reduce immune activity along with NSAIDs to relieve pain and inflammation

Page 23: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Inflammatory Joint DiseasesArthritis - Rheumatoid Arthritis

Page 24: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

•more severe than adult form

•more common in girls

•destroys cartilage growth and stops long bone growth

Inflammatory Joint DiseasesArthritis – Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

Page 25: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

•metabolic disorder in which excess uric acid (nitrogenous waste) in blood deposits crystals within synovial fluid and other tissues•chronic inflammation and tissue damage•Symptoms: swelling, tenderness, pain in fingers, wrists, ankles, knees, elbows•Treatment: Allopurinol – drug to inhibit uric acid synthesis

Inflammatory Joint DiseasesArthritis – Gouty Arthritis

Page 26: Articulations Points of contact between bones (Joints) Primary Joint Classifications Functional NameStructural NameDegree of Movement Example SynarthrosesFibrousImmovableSutures.

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis Gouty arthritis


Articulations (Joints). Connect 2 bones. Connect 2 bones. Classified by structure or function Classified by structure or function.

Articulations (Joints). Connect 2 bones. Connect 2 bones. Classified by structure or function Classified by structure or function.

Articulations of bones Functions of joints › Hold bones together › Allow for mobility Ways joints are classified › Functionally › Structurally.

Articulations of bones Functions of joints › Hold bones together › Allow for mobility Ways joints are classified › Functionally › Structurally.

ARTICULATIONS Joints between bones Hold bones firmly to each other Permit movement Classified by degree of movement (range of motion) and type of substance.

ARTICULATIONS Joints between bones Hold bones firmly to each other Permit movement Classified by degree of movement (range of motion) and type of substance.

Bones of the skull & face...Parietal bones= base of skull Articulations: 1. anteriorly with frontal bones at the coronal suture 2. Posteriorly with occipital bone at lambdoid suture

Bones of the skull & face...Parietal bones= base of skull Articulations: 1. anteriorly with frontal bones at the coronal suture 2. Posteriorly with occipital bone at lambdoid suture

Articulations Chapter 9. Introduction Skeleton composition –Many bones joined together (articulated) Articulation –Joints Advantages and disadvantages.

Articulations Chapter 9. Introduction Skeleton composition –Many bones joined together (articulated) Articulation –Joints Advantages and disadvantages.

Articulations!! (the Joints). Section 1: Joint Design and Movement Articulations (_____________________) – Where two bones interconnect – Bones are relatively.

Articulations!! (the Joints). Section 1: Joint Design and Movement Articulations (_____________________) – Where two bones interconnect – Bones are relatively.

QUIZ - in 10. NOTES Ch 7 2/23 Articulations ARTICULATIONS – where two bones meet (joint) PURPOSE: 1. Allow movement 1. Allow movement 2. Holds skeleton.

QUIZ - in 10. NOTES Ch 7 2/23 Articulations ARTICULATIONS – where two bones meet (joint) PURPOSE: 1. Allow movement 1. Allow movement 2. Holds skeleton.

Articulations and Movement. Articulations or Joints Articulation or Joint –Place where two bones come together –Freely movable to limited to no apparent.

Articulations and Movement. Articulations or Joints Articulation or Joint –Place where two bones come together –Freely movable to limited to no apparent.

Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together

Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together

Chapter 8 Joints or Articulations. Why do we need them? Articulations are junctions between bones They bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone.

Chapter 8 Joints or Articulations. Why do we need them? Articulations are junctions between bones They bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone.

Joints Slide 5.43 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Articulations of bones Functions of joints Hold bones.

Joints Slide 5.43 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Articulations of bones Functions of joints Hold bones.

Bones of The Forearm - ... Dentistry 2015 ...dentistry2015ju.weebly.com/uploads/8/5/8/5/85853488/...Bones of The Forearm Ulna:--Medial bone of the forearm-Articulations: Humerus &

Bones of The Forearm - ... Dentistry 2015 ...dentistry2015ju.weebly.com/uploads/8/5/8/5/85853488/...Bones of The Forearm Ulna:--Medial bone of the forearm-Articulations: Humerus &

Ex 13. Articulations- joints - hold bones together - Allows for movement Classified based on - Structure - functionality.

Ex 13. Articulations- joints - hold bones together - Allows for movement Classified based on - Structure - functionality.

The Skeletal System Joints. Joints Articulations of bones Functions of joints Hold bones together Allow for mobility Ways joints are classified.

The Skeletal System Joints. Joints Articulations of bones Functions of joints Hold bones together Allow for mobility Ways joints are classified.

Joints. Articulations Articulations (joints) are places where two or more separate bones in the body meet Bones will endure extreme friction if they rub.

Joints. Articulations Articulations (joints) are places where two or more separate bones in the body meet Bones will endure extreme friction if they rub.

Articulations The place of union or junction between two or more bones of the skeleton (also between cartilage and bones/teeth and bones - allow for movement.

Articulations The place of union or junction between two or more bones of the skeleton (also between cartilage and bones/teeth and bones - allow for movement.

Chapter 8 Articulations and Movement. Articulations or Joints Articulation or Joint –Place where two bones come together –Freely moveable to limited to.

Chapter 8 Articulations and Movement. Articulations or Joints Articulation or Joint –Place where two bones come together –Freely moveable to limited to.

Joints or Articulations. A joint, or articulation, is the place of union between two or more bones.

Joints or Articulations. A joint, or articulation, is the place of union between two or more bones.

Articulations (Joints) Articulation = joint = point of contact between bones.

Articulations (Joints) Articulation = joint = point of contact between bones.

BONES , ARTICULATIONS AND MUSCLES OF THE …nikolai.lazarov.pro/lectures/2014/pharmacy/05_Locomotor_Apparatus.pdf · Bones, articulations and muscles of the vertebral column ... Bones,

BONES , ARTICULATIONS AND MUSCLES OF THE …nikolai.lazarov.pro/lectures/2014/pharmacy/05_Locomotor_Apparatus.pdf · Bones, articulations and muscles of the vertebral column ... Bones,