ARTICLE IV

CITIZENSHIP

Section 1

• The following are citizens of the

philippines :

1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines

at the time of adoptive of this constitution

2. Those whose fathers or mothers are

citizens of the philippines

3. Those born before jan 17, 1973, of filipino

mothers, who elect philippine citizenship

upon reaching the age of majority; and

4. Those who are naturalized in accordance

with law

Section 2

• Natural-born citizens are those who are

citizens of the philippines from birth

without having to perform any act to

acquire or perfect their philippine

citizenship in accordance with

paragraph(3). Section 1 hereof shall be

deemed natural-born citizens.

Section 3

• Philippine citizenship may be lost or re-

acquired in the manner provided by law.

Section 4

• Citizens of the philippines who marry

aliens shall retain their citizenship, unless

by their act or omission, they are deemed ,

under law, to have renounced it.

Section 5

• Dual allegiance of citizens is inimical to the

national interest and shall be dealt with by

law.

Citizenship

– is a term denoting membership of a citizen in a

political implies reciprocally a duty allegiance on the

part of the member and duty of protection on the

parts of the state

Citizen

– a person having the title of citizenship. He is a

member of a democratic community who enjoys full

civil political rights and is accorded protection inside

and outside the territory of the state.

Theories of Citizenship

• Jus Sanguinis - blood relationship is the basic for the

acquisition of citizenship. The children follow the

citizenship of the parents or one of them.

• Jus soli or Loci – The place of birth is the basic for

acquiring citizenship. A person became a citizen of the

state where he is born irrespective of the citizenship of

the parents.

Kinds of citizens

1. Natural-born citizens – is a filipinp from birth without

being required to perform any further act to acquire or

perfect hid filipino citizenship.

2. Naturalized Citizen - a formerly alien who is admitted

to the filipino community after meeting the minimum

requirements imposed by the naturalization law.

3. Naturalization – a process by which a foreigner is

adopted and clothed with the privileges of a citizen. It

implies renunciation of former nationality.

Privileges of Citizens

• Right of suffrage

• Right to hold public office (natural born citizens)

• Right to hold land of public domain

• Right to exploit natural resources

• Right to operate public utilities

A Filipino may lose his citizenship:

I. Voluntary

a) by naturalization in a foreign country

b) By express renunciation of citizenship

c) By subscribing to an oath of allegiance to support the

constitution and laws of a foreign country

d) By rendering service to or accepting commission in

Armed Forces in time of war

EXPATRIATION - THE VOLUNTARY LOSS OR

RENUNCIATION OF ONE’S NATIONALITY(NOT IN

TIME OF WAR)

Reacquisition of last

Philippines Citizenship

1. By naturalization

2. By repatriation of deserters of the

Philippines armed forces and women

who lost their citizenship by reason of

marriage

3. By direct act of the congress

Repatrtiation – is affected by merely taking

the necessary oath of allegiance to the

republic of the Philippines

ARTICLE V

SUFFRAGE

SECTION 1

• Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have reside in the Philippines for at least one year, and in the place wherein they propose to vote, for at least six months immediately preceding the election. No literacy, property, or other substantive requirement shall be imposed on the exercise of suffrage

Section 2

The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot as well as a system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad.

The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disable and the illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. Until then, they shall be allowed to vote under existing laws and such rules as the Commission on Elections may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the ballot.

Notes

Suffrage

is the right and obligation to vote of qualified citizen in the election of certain national and local officers of the government and in the decision of public question submitted to the people.

Suffrage includes

Election

the means by which the people choose their official for definite and fixed periods and to whom they entrust, for the time being as their representatives.

Plebiscite

a vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law or enactment submitted to them.

-an election at which any proposed amendment to, or revision of the constitution is submitted to the people for their ratification.

Referendum

is the submission of a law or part thereof passed by the national or local legislative body to the voting citizens of a country for their ratification or rejection

RECALL

A method by which a public officer may be removed from the office during his tenure or before the expiration of his term by a vote of the people after registration of petition signed by a required percentage of the qualified voters.

Initiative

the process whereby the people directly propose

enact laws.

T HE END ☺♥