Argumentos para investigar en ciencia El paradigmático ... · SCIENTISTS have identified hundreds...

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Francisco J. M. Mojica Argumentos para investigar en ciencia El paradigmático caso de los sistemas CRISPR

Transcript of Argumentos para investigar en ciencia El paradigmático ... · SCIENTISTS have identified hundreds...

Page 1: Argumentos para investigar en ciencia El paradigmático ... · SCIENTISTS have identified hundreds of opportunities for new drugs to precisely kill cancer cells but leave healthy

Francisco J. M. Mojica

Argumentos para investigar en cienciaEl paradigmático caso de los sistemas CRISPR

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De This vector version: Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting) - NASA Astrobiology Institute, found in an article(Source unavailable), Dominio público, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26075698

Procariotas Eucariotas

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Genoma (ADN)

CRISPR CRISPR(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)

Espaciador

Espaciadores

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1992: 1os Estudios

Salinas Solares. Santa Pola (Alicante)

Haloferax spp.

Boán, I.F. Universidad de Alicante

Francisco E.Rodríguez-Valera

GuadalupeJuez-Pérez

Martin Nieto, J. Universidad de Alicante

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GTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCGAACAGGATGGCGAACCGGTGTCTGCACCAGTTGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCCACGACAATCAAGTCTGGTTGCATGGCGACACGGAGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCCTGTGCCTCCAGCGGCCGTCAGACAGTCGCATCCGAGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCAAGAAGCCGCTCGCCGTCCTCGATGACGGGCGGGCGGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCGACAAGACTCGCGACGAAGCCGAGTCGAAACGCCGCGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCCTCTTTATCCCTCCTGCCCGAATGTCTACGAATATCGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCGAACCCACTGGTGAAGAAAAAGTTGTAGAGACCCTAGTTACAGACGAATCCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCACGACAATCAAGTCTGGTTACATGGCGACAGGATGGGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGCTTCCACAACGTCGGGGAGGGCGAAATTAGCCAAGCAGTTACAGACGAACCCTAGTTGGGTTGAAGC

1992: 1os Estudios

Mojica. FJM. Tesis Doctoral (1993)

A C G T

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¿Qué función desempeñan?

Mojica et al. Molecular Microbiology (1995)

Mojica, FJM.; Tesis Doctoral (1993)

ARN

?

?

¿

¿

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2000: Una nueva familia de repeticiones

Francisco J.M. Mojica et al. Molecular Microbiology (2000)

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ClusteredRegularlyInterspacedShortPalindromicRepeats

CRISPR-Cas systems, Barrangou and van der Oost (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013) With permission of Springer.

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Proteínas Cas

C R I S P R

Sistemas CRISPR

Genes cas (CRISPR associated )

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Proteínas Cas

C R I S P R

Sistemas CRISPR

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Sistemas CRISPR

Proteínas Cas

C R I S P R

Sistema de Inmunidad Adquirida

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Mojica & Almendros. Investigación y Ciencia. 2017

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Infección

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Inmunización

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Célula Inmunizada

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Producción de guías

ARN guía

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Reinfección

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Reconocimiento

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Corte

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Inactivación

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Aplicaciones de CRISPR en procariotas

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Vacunación

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Almacenamiento de datos

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IIIIIIIIIIII

Cas9

ARN guía

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIADN

La Tecnología CRISPR

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Cas9

ARN guía

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIADNIIIIIIIIIIII

La Tecnología CRISPR

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Matar bacterias

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Aplicaciones de la tecnología CRISPR en cualquier ser vivo

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Cas9

ARN guía

dCas9

• Diagnóstico molecular

• Control de la actividad genética

• Reescribir el ARN

• Actuar sobre el ADN

Visualización

Arquitectura

Emplazamiento

Cambios epigenéticos

Edición genética

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Cas9

ARN guía

dCas9

• Diagnóstico molecular

• Control de la actividad genética

• Reescribir el ARN

• Actuar sobre el ADN

Visualización

Arquitectura

Emplazamiento

Cambios epigenéticos

Edición genética

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Diagnóstico Molecular

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Edición Genética

-- ACTGGGGGCCCATGGTACCGGTTAATTACCGGTAC --(Esta proteína se encarga de sintetizar colesterol)

-- ACTGGGGGCCCTACCATGAGGTTAATTACCGGTAC --(Esta proteína ya no puede sintetizar colesterol)

-- ACTGGGGGCCCATGGTACCGGTTAATT--------GTAC--(Esta proteína no es funcional)

-- ACTGGGGGCCCATGGTACCGGTTAATTACCGGTACCATACCG --(Esta proteína se encarga de sintetizar diversos lípidos)

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• Biotecnología

• Productividad y calidad de alimentos

• Salud y bienestar animal

• Salud humana

• Prevención y tratamiento de infecciones

• Alteraciones genéticas

• Diagnóstico de enfermedades

Aplicacionesde la edición

genética en …

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Agricultura• Frutas sin semillas

• Cultivos con mayor productividad

• Composición modificada (sin gluten, contenido oleico…)

• Inmunes a enfermedades …

• Cultivos resistentes

• ….

Moderador
Notas de la presentación
ment: A recent article in Fast Company Magazine detailed efforts at DuPont to develop new commodity crops, which are expected to hit the market in 5 to 10 years – almost half the traditional development timeline.
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Ganadería

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Estudio y prevención de enfermedades

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Estudio y prevención de enfermedades

Moderador
Notas de la presentación
SCIENTISTS have identified hundreds of opportunities for new drugs to precisely kill cancer cells but leave healthy tissue unharmed. Researchers disrupted every gene in over 30 types of cancer to discover thousands of key genes essential for the survival of the disease. In one of the largest studies of its kind, the team, from Britain’s Wellcome Sanger Institute, found 600 genes that show promise of leading into effective treatments.
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Estudio y prevención de enfermedades

Moderador
Notas de la presentación
SCIENTISTS have identified hundreds of opportunities for new drugs to precisely kill cancer cells but leave healthy tissue unharmed. Researchers disrupted every gene in over 30 types of cancer to discover thousands of key genes essential for the survival of the disease. In one of the largest studies of its kind, the team, from Britain’s Wellcome Sanger Institute, found 600 genes that show promise of leading into effective treatments.
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CRISPR como agente terapéutico en animales

• Deficiencia de ornitina transcarbamilasa• Enfermedad granulomatosa crónica• Distrofia muscular de Duchenne• Amaurosis congénita de Leber• Enfermedad de Huntington• Tirosinemia hereditaria• Retinosis pigmentaria• Cataratas congénitas• Hemofilias• Diabetes• Cáncer• VIH• …

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Ensayos clínicos con CRISPR en humanos

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Mojica & Almendros. Investigación y Ciencia. 2017