ArduRadio

Javier Montaner

ArduRadio:

Playing Internet Radio with Arduino

Javier Montaner

[email protected]

@tumaku_

Agenda� Introduction

� Bill of Materials

� Key Learnings

� Project Status & Next Steps

© Javier Montaner 20122

Introduction


Internet Radio on Arduino� Exploratory work to understand what can(not) be done with

Arduino and similar HW platforms

� Based on commercial Arduino boards and shields: 7� Arduino Mega

� Ethernet� Ethernet

� MP3

� NFC

� Final source code will be opened through github


Project Scope� Build an Arduino-based device that plays internet streaming

radio

� Use simple touch user interface (NFC/RFID) to select radio stations

� Learn about open HW � Learn about open HW

� Share results with the community

� A similar concept has been explored by Jordi Parra (@zenona) in its SpotifyBox project: http://postscapes.com/spotify-box


Bill of Materials (BOM)


Arduino Mega 2560

� 256 KB

� 54 Digital I/O Pins

Can be implemented on ArduinoUNO but memory and availablePINs start being a problem

http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560


Arduino Ethernet Shield

� Based on WiznetW5100

� 10/100 Mb

� TCP/IP library� TCP/IP library

� Includes micro-SD card slot

� Controlled through SPI

http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield


Sparkfun MP3 Player Shield

� Based onVS1053B

� Plays OggVorbis/MP3/ AAC/WMA/MIDIAAC/WMA/MIDI

� 3.5mm stereo output jack

� Includes micro SD card slot

� Controlled through SPI

https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10628


SeeedStudio NFC Shield

� Based on NXP PN532

� Suppport Reader, Cardemulation and Peer to Peer emulation and Peer to Peer

� PCB printed antenna

� Controlled throughsoftware SPI

http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/nfc-shield-p-916.html


Unyka UK-1 Portable Speaker

� USB Powered with Lithium Ion built-in battery (500mAh)

� Includes micro SD card slot

� USB and 3,5mm audio jack� USB and 3,5mm audio jack

� Volume control

� Frequency range: 90Hz -20kHz

� Power: 2 watts


Total Cost of Prototype in €

Component Price

Arduino Mega €41

Ethernet Shield €29

MP3 Shield €32

NFC Shield €24

Speaker €15

Total €141

This cost is not suitable for a commercial product but it is extremely cheap to build a working prototype


Where to buy?

I have bought hardware in all these web stores, but there are manymore out there in internet

� Adafruit http://www.adafruit.com/� Adafruit http://www.adafruit.com/

� Arduino store http://store.arduino.cc/

� Cooking-Hacks http://www.cooking-hacks.com/

� SeeedStudio http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/

� Sparkfun Electronics http://www.sparkfun.com/


Key Learnings


General� Open HW community is very active

� Quality of documentation varies greatly but people are usually helpful and reactive

� Google is a great source of (hidden) information

� Arduino is a learning and prototyping tool. There are � Arduino is a learning and prototyping tool. There are definitely more powerful and cheaper platforms but almost any technology that you can think of has already been integrated in/through an Arduino shield

� There are other HW solutions from alternative vendors for all the elements in the BOM


Arduino� I started with Arduino Uno,

but soon ran out of PINs and memory so I easily moved to Arduino Mega

� Interoperability between shields usually requires some shields usually requires some rewiring (physical or in libraries) but no soldering

� There is always somebody that has experienced and solved your problem. Check arduinoforums and google


Arduino

� Dig into Arduino open libraries to learn (I did learn a lot about SPI, registers, interruptions, etc.)

� Update the official libraries to add new functionality. If you mess it new functionality. If you mess it up, you can easily restore them

� Arduino IDE is very simple to start but it becomes too simple when you want to work on more complex projects


Arduino Ethernet Shield� There is an Arduino Ethernet

board that could make the BOM cheaper

� The Ethernet library implements TCP/IP stack but not http -> you need to hardcode http protocol

client.print("GET ");

client.print(ndefPath);

client.println("

HTTP/1.1");

need to hardcode http protocol yourself �

� The good point is that the library design makes your code “interoperable” (easily portable) when you replace Ethernet by WiFi or GPRS ☺

HTTP/1.1");

client.println("Connection:

Keep-Alive");

client.print("HOST: ");

client.println(ndefServer);

client.println();


MP3 Player Shield� The original library is not fully working

and showed (at least for me) some interoperability issues. However Bill Porter (@Bill_Porter) has shared an excellent library (great to learn about Arduino interruptions) that works asynchronouslyasynchronously

� Another helpful example is available at Rui’sThe Techman blog

� The shield itself supports any bitrate but Arduino speed limits it only to 32kbps streams. If you try to play higher bitrates the sound becomes bumpy

http://www.billporter.info/sparkfun-mp3-shield-arduino-library/http://supertechman.blogspot.com.es/2010/11/playing-mp3-with-vs1053-arduino-shield.html© Javier Montaner 2012

19

NFC Shield� The original library uses its own software

implementation of the SPI protocol. Unfortunately, it is not compatible with the Arduino HW library used by Ethernet/MP3 shields. Solution → Use different PINs for NFC SPI implementation

� Alternatively I have created a HW version of Seeedstudio’s library available at githubof Seeedstudio’s library available at github

� The library supports basic RFID functionality (e.g. it can read MIFARE Ultralight and Classic tags). However it has no notion of NFC protocols. If you want to use NFC formats (i.e. NDEF) you need to update the library yourself

� Although PN532 supports communication through SPI or I2C, the shield hardwires the SPI option

https://github.com/jmgjmg/PN532


NFC Technology� You can use the NFC shield just as a reader of RFID tags. However if you want to interact with

NFC formatted tags, you need to check the NFC specifications

� General information and NFC specifications (formats and protocols) can be downloaded from NFC Forum after agreeing to their terms and conditions. You ca skip the radio layers (the shield/PN532 chip does the job) but you need the NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) specifications for messages and records

http://www.nfc-forum.org/specs/spec_list/

� You also need to understand how NDEF messages are coded in different tags (e.g. I have used Mifare Ultralight tags and had to follow “NFC Forum Type 2 Tag Operation Specification”)Mifare Ultralight tags and had to follow “NFC Forum Type 2 Tag Operation Specification”)

� I found very useful NFC examples and documentation for Android phones. In particular I suggestreading:� Getting started with NFC on Android by Richard Legget (.net magazine)

http://www.netmagazine.com/tutorials/getting-started-nfc-android� Android API Guide for developers

http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/nfc/nfc.html

� There are two useful and free applications from NXP in the Android Play Store to read and write the content of different types of NFC tags:� NFC Tag Info: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nxp.taginfolite� NFC Tag Writer: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nxp.nfc.tagwriter


NDEF Formatted Mifare Ultralight Tag

Block Binary content

[00] * XX:XX:XX:XX (UID0-2, BCC0)

[01] * XX:XX:XX:XX (UID3-6)

[02] . XX 48 00:00 (BCC1, INT, LOCK0-1)

[03] . E1:10:06:00 (OTP0-3)

[04] . 03 28 D1 01 |.(..|

[05] . 24 55 03 73 |$U.s|

[06] . 74 72 65 61 |trea|


[06] . 74 72 65 61 |trea|

[07] . 6D 31 2E 72 |m1.r|

[08] . 61 64 69 6F |adio|

[09] . 6D 6F 6E 69 |moni|

[0A] . 74 6F 72 2E |tor.|

[0B] . 63 6F 6D 2F |com/|

[0C] . 4D 6F 75 6E |Moun|

[0D] . 74 61 69 6E |tain|

[0E] . 46 4D FE 00 |FM..|

[0F] . 00 00 00 00 |....|

Read with NFC Tag Info Android application from NXP

Project Status & Next Steps


Current Status of the Project

� I have built a working and stable prototype

� It plays32kbps streams from internet

� It works with NDEF formatted Mifare Ultralight tags (type 2)

� I use Android application to write the content of the tags

� For other tag types or unformatted type 2 tags, the device plays hardcoded internet radio stations defined in the code

� Arduino script size is around 34kB (including all the libraries)


Next Steps?

� Clean up all the code and publish it in github

� Replace the Ethernet shield by the new ArduinoWiFi shield and try to play streams with higher bitrates

� Integrate AM/FM Radio shield

� Improve the NFC library to support other types of NFC Tags� Improve the NFC library to support other types of NFC Tags

� Implement Card Emulation and/or Peer-to-Peer mode in NFC library to interact directly with an Android application over NFC

� Port the solution to an Android USB dongle (can be bought now for less than €50)


More Info

Javier Montaner (Madrid, Spain)

[email protected]

@tumaku_ (twitter)


ArduRadio

Technology

Transcript of ArduRadio