5/6/2004 1

Architectureand

Institutional Architects“Working Architects Group”

WAGv1: Barton, Fullerton, Gettes, Grady, Poepping, Wasley

CSGVirginia.edu, May 2004

5/6/2004 2

“Architecture”

• www.webster.comar·chi·tec·ture

1 : the art or science of building; specifically : the art or practice of designing and building structures …2 a : formation or construction as or as if as the result of conscious act b : a unifying or coherent form or structure

ar·chi·tectEtymology: from Greek architektOn master builder

mas·teran original from which copies can be made

• www.poepping.orgarchitect

one who creatively assembles known components with known behaviors

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IT Architecture

• Not-exactly-known Components

• Uncertain Behaviors, Complex Interactions

• Not New but Not Commonly Understood

5/6/2004 4

Thesis

• Domain-specific Architectures become their own stovepipe

• Focus on Institution IT Architecture

5/6/2004 5

Introducing the WAG

• What brought us together– Similar Roles– Similar Ambiguities– Similar Uncertainties– Similar Scotch

• Our Goal – Better Understanding– Architecture Issues and Requirements– Institutional Architect Applicability– Common Issues, Range of Motion– Role/Approach/Skills/Value

• Lots of Interest– Hard Problems, Expensive People

5/6/2004 6

What’s in it for You…

• Our and other CIO’s– Address Expanding Complexity (Velocity)– Increasingly Interdependent Domains– Gap in today’s approach

• Other Architects– Does this help you? Can you help?

• Our Peers are our Institution– “what’s that guy do anyhow?”

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What’s in it for Us

• Leverage in Collaboration– Strategy, Models, Method, Artifact– Technical Breadth

• Help in understanding all this stuf

• Benchmarking– Measurement, Improvement– Technologies

• Group Therapy

5/6/2004 8

What’s the Issue?“More”

• More Computing, More Applications– Not just the NOS anymore– SIS, ERP, Email, Cal/Sched– Network Access, VPN, VoIP, IM, Conferencing– CallCenter, Self-Help, Config Mgmt, Auto-Update– CourseWare, Collaboration, Repositories– Portal, Myriad Ad Hoc applets– Research Applications, Advanced Requirements

• More Data– Identity, Privacy, Attributes, Roles, Authorizations– Network, Device, Service: Performance, Diagnostics

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And “Less”

• For Users– Fewer, Easier Interfaces– Less Overlap– “Just Works” 7x24…

• For Enterprises– Fewer Systems, Interfaces, Transformations– Reduce Low-Layer Complexity– Reduce Distributed Risk– Enable/Encourage Innovation at Higher Layer

5/6/2004 10

Our Usual Response

• Abstract Commonality into Infrastructure• A Phase in a Cycle

– Co-existent –> Interoperable –> Integrated -> Convergent

• Commonly (Domain-capable)– Network, Platform, Presentation

• Emerging (Cross-domain)– Enterprise Data– Middleware Services and Methods– Diagnostics

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Cross-Domain• Institutional Data

– ERP + SIS, but clubs, projects, parking...– Other “data-of-interest”

• Network Connectivity, Registered Devices, Performance

• Middleware– Services

• SSO, Identity/Attribute Management, Authorization, Service Location…

– Methods• Web Services, Standards, Environments• Structured Design – leverage building blocks

• Diagnostics– Management Console – Network plus Services

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The Gap:Interdependence and Complexity

• Domain Arch Necessary, Not Sufficient– Convergence Across Disciplines– Complex New Interdependencies– Conflict in Domain-Specific Design Patterns– New Trade-offs Across Disciplines– Language Barriers between Disciplines

• New Security/Privacy Exposures

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The Need:Institution Architecture

• Effect– Rationalize Strategies, Focus/Balance Priorities– Inform, Influence Decisions– Improve Predictability

• Role– Leverage Skills in Your Organization– Complement Management Team– Manage Influence

• Capabilities - “Broad Depth”– Technical – Network, Security, Middleware, Systems,

Application– Customer – Requirements Elicitation, Service Definition– Social – Organizational, Inter-personal, Writing, Presentation– Management – Planning, Tracking, Financing, Negotiation

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Toward Institution Architecture

• “Common Themes and Range of Motion”– Responsibilities– Approach to Integration– Style/Skills of the Architect– Organizational Placement– Measurement of Value

• A Sampling…

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Sample Responsibilities

• Create and Maintain an Architecture– Artifacts/Processes/Templates– Standards/Roadmap/Vision– Team-based Creation (no vacuum)– JIT aspects – respond to Emerging Issues

• Technology/Product Development• Opportunities – Edict or 900lb Gorilla

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More Responsibilities

• Communicate and Interpret the Architecture– Evangelize and/or Intervene– Translate, Transform, Project– Consult on Project Definition (discovery)– Consult on Implementation (delivery)

• Integrate the Architecture– Across Drivers; Between Domains; Over Time– Help to set Priorities for Operational Agenda

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TechnicalStrategies

People, Projectand Money

Management

Integration

Mission

TechniqueAbility to Execute

Customer Requirements

Research, Analysis,Service Definition;

“Opportunities”

Institutional Goals

Budget

Staff Skills/Expertise

Standards

Practices

Products

Goal

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Style/Skills

• Broad Expertise, Pattern-Matcher• Write, Speak, LISTEN• Walk a Fine Line

– Proclaim/Consult– Expert/Strategist– Gadfly/Catalyst– Leader/Facilitator

• Other…– Tom’s Fomenter, Scott’s Omnigraffle Jockey– Michael’s Panache– A descent spellor

5/6/2004 19

Organizational Placement

• Relationship to Management Structure

• Relationship to Strategic Implementation

• Reach: IT-local or Institution-wide

• We are:– An Individual Reporting to CIO– A Small Group Reporting Below the CIO

5/6/2004 20

Measurement of Value

• Click to Add Text

• No, Really..

5/6/2004 21

Measurement of Value

• How?– Empirical

• Saved money• Count Surprises..

– Subjective• Feel Better

• Not much to Share yet..

5/6/2004 22

Promises, Promises..In January we said…

• Explore the Role– Anatomy of Influence; Architecture, but more…

• Articulate and Synthesize– Review/cook approaches we’re trying out– Share the Story

• Motivation, Assumptions, Politics• Scope, Outcomes, Interfaces• Models, Tools, Techniques

– Order the Issues• Common Themes, Range of Motion, What we don’t know..

• 1/8/04 – CSG: Share the Concept• I2 Member mtg – Early models, directed feedback• May CSG – Policy discussion, broaden participation?

5/6/2004 23

What Next?

• Click to add more text

• Your click…

5/6/2004 24

What Next?

• Barton, Gettes: Report at SAC

• Your thoughts?– Worth additional Effort?– Formalism?– Value proposition?

• Actions– Follow-up to CSG CIO’s?

5/6/2004 25

What Else?

• Architect or Usual Suspect– Opportunities Abound – “Call for Participation”– Value of Contribution– External Commitments– Time Management

5/6/2004 26

WAG us

• Please contact:

Michael Gettes gettes@duke.edu

Scott Fullerton fullerton@doit.wisc.edu

David Wasley david.wasley@ucop.edu

Tom Barton tbarton@uchicago.edu

Michael Grady m-grady@uiuc.edu

Mark Poepping poepping@cmu.edu

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Institutional Architecture

WAGv1: Barton, Fullerton, Gettes, Grady, Poepping, Wasley

CSG

UVa, May 2004

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WAGthe

DOGMAWorking Architects Group

Discovering Organizational Groupthink for Managing Architecture

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WAGthe

DOGMAWorking Architects Group

Darn Odd Gamut of Mystifying Attitudes

5/6/2004 30

Institutional Architecture

WAGv1: Barton, Fullerton, Gettes, Grady, Poepping, Wasley

CSG

UVa, May 2004

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Architecture

• http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/m97-16.html

This memorandum transmits guidance to Federal agencies on the development and implementation of Information Technology Architectures. The Information Technology Architecture (ITA) describes the relationships among the work the agency does, the information the agency uses, and the information technology that the agency needs. It includes standards that guide the design of new systems. An ITA makes it easier to share information internally (e.g., agency-wide e-mail) and to reduce the number of information systems that perform similar functions. The ITA provides the technology vision to guide resource decisions that reduce costs and improve mission performance.