Architectural Detailing and Construction Issues Details, Systems Methods and materials Focus Issues...
Transcript of Architectural Detailing and Construction Issues Details, Systems Methods and materials Focus Issues...
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High-containment LaboratoryDesign & Construction
Part Two – Architectural Detailing and Construction Issues
Presented by:Gary Zackowitz, R.A.
Harvard School of Public Health Center for Continuing Professional EducationJuly 14 - 25, 2008 Boston, Massachusetts
Goals of This Course
Understanding Containment The “containment barrier”
Bio-safety Level comparison
Components, Details, SystemsMethods and materials
Focus IssuesRenovation for Containment
Challenges in developing countries
Maintaining Construction Quality
Architectural Detailing and Architectural Detailing and Construction IssuesConstruction Issues
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Goals of This CourseUnderstanding Major Components
Be able to make reasonable choices
Recognize good (and bad) work
Identify Potential Issues
Be an active member of the “Team”
Architectural Detailing and Architectural Detailing and Construction IssuesConstruction Issues
Submarine ComparisonContinuous Barrier
Complexity
Penetrations
Functionality
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
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Continuous Barrier
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
Complexity
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
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Penetrations
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
Functionality
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
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Bio Safety Level ComparisonBSL4 Level Requirements
Specific Engineering Criteria to mitigate risk
BSL3 Level Requirements
Open to more interpretation and possible solutions
Allows SOPs to compensate for lack of Engineering solution
BSL3 + (Enhanced)
Not an official designation
Employs additional enhancement to meet identified risks/criteria
BSL3 Ag
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
Conflicting Requirements and Interpretation
Understanding ContainmentUnderstanding Containment
BMBL a. Laboratory Personnel must be able to verify directional air flow. A visual monitoring device which confirms directional air flow must be provided at the laboratory entry. Audible alarms should be considered to notify personnel of air flow disruption.
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Components, Details, SystemsComponents, Details, SystemsBSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Architectural Detailing3 Architectural Detailing
Sanitary, monolithic surfaces
Caulked joints
Durable materials & finishes
Resistant to disinfectants
Impact protection
Water / moisture resistant
Vermin / pest resistance
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Partitions & Finishes3 Partitions & Finishes
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Concrete Masonry Units (CMU)
ABSL-3 masonry partitions
Joint tooling
Grout filled door frames
Quality control for imbedded devices
Finishing Challenges
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Partitions3 Partitions
Gypsum Wall Board (GWB)
BSL-3 gypsum wall board partitions
Abuse-resistant GWB, 20 ga. studs
Blocking and support
Wall protection
Security reinforcement may be required
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Partitions3 Partitions
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Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP)
BSL-3 or ABSL-3 with proper protection
Composite panels vs. sheet material
Joint treatment
Sealant compatibility
More expensive option
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Partitions3 Partitions
Wall Protection
Railings
Curbs
Blocking and support
Heights
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Partitions3 Partitions
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Ceilings3 Ceilings
Suspended GWB ceiling construction
FRP Grid and panel systems
Locking Tiles
Access above ceiling
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Finishes3 Finishes
Qualities
Durable
Resistant to disinfectants
Choices
Polymer coating systems
Fiber reinforced systems
Glove testing
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Floors3 Floors
Monolithic (including base)Resistance to disinfectantsEpoxy resin systems (ABSL-3)Seamless vinyl systems (BSL-3/BSL-2)Slip resistanceSubstrate preparationMoisture testing and waterproof coatings
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Floors3 Floors
Base Detailing
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Doors, Windows & Hardware3 Doors, Windows & Hardware
Stainless steel or FRP construction (ABSL-3)
Hollow Metal Seamless construction
Grouted frames (in CMU)
Tight-fitting
Electronic hardware provisions
Sealed windows
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Doors, Windows & Hardware3 Doors, Windows & Hardware
Details
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Doors, Windows & Hardware3 Doors, Windows & Hardware
HardwareHas to be selected to meet required use
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Access Panels3 Access Panels
Avoid access panels within containment
Gasketed vs. gas-tight
Hinge design
Stainless steel preferred
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Simple design and accessibility for sanitation and decontamination
Suspended or mobile preferred
No sharp edges or rough surfaces
No void areas or inaccessible slots (e.g. shelving standards)
Durable finish resistant to disinfectants
Smooth, water-resistant counter tops (epoxy, stainless steel, phenolic) – no undercoatings
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Casework3 Casework
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Casework3 Casework
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
General Requirements
Support of penetrating item or device
Clean, hard surfaces to seal against
Space for sealant
Use of proper sealant
Cupped escutcheons that obscure penetration not recommended
Consolidate construction details on architectural drawing(s)
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
Recessed Eyewash
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Barrier Penetrations3 Barrier Penetrations
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Sealants3 Sealants
NIH sealant matrix
Paintable vs. non-paintable sealants
Apply AFTER finish coatings are installed
Sealant detailing is important
MOCK UP detailed solutions
Workmanship is important
Sealant scheduleSeams and jointsPenetrationsJuncture between dissimilar materialsGaps too small to access for cleaning
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Sealants3 Sealants
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Sealants3 Sealants
Neatness Counts!!Neatness Counts!!
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Sterilization Equipment
Autoclaves
Tissue digestors
Bioseals
Capture hoods
Gas and vapor decontamination systems
FormaldehydeVHPChlorine dioxide
Require proven test results and efficacy testing
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Bioseals
For all pass through equipment
Factory testing of equipment flange
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Bioseals
Special Details
Stainless Steel Barrier Panels
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Bioseals
Challenges in Gyp Board
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Containment EquipmentClass II biosafety cabinetsClass III biosafety cabinetsPass boxesDunk tanksNecropsy equipment
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BSLBSL--3 / ABSL3 / ABSL--3 Equipment3 Equipment
Equipment EvaluationAppropriate UseAppropriate LocationAccessories
Components, Details, SystemsComponents, Details, SystemsBSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Architectural Detailing4 Architectural Detailing
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Sanitary, monolithic surfaces
Durable materials and finishes
High-build finishes
Resistant to disinfectants
Impact protection
Water / moisture resistant
Vermin / pest resistance
Air pressure resistant
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Partitions & Finishes4 Partitions & Finishes
Reinforced Concrete
Imbedded utility pathways & penetrations
Ultra-critical mix & curing procedures
Sandblasted to ensure finish adhesion
Pressure resistant construction
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Construction & Finishes4 Construction & Finishes
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BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Penetrations and Imbeds4 Penetrations and Imbeds
Steel
Used selectively in USA
Offers flexibility and accuracy for equipment / barrier interface
Can be adapted later in the process
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Construction & Finishes4 Construction & Finishes
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BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Construction & Finishes4 Construction & Finishes
Air Pressure Resistant (APR) doors
Pneumatic and mechanical
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Doors & Hardware4 Doors & Hardware
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APR Door Complexity
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Doors & Hardware4 Doors & Hardware
Simple design & accessible for sanitation and decontamination
Stand off at walls for sanitation and decontamination
Suspended, mobile, or Freestanding tables
No sharp edges or rough surfaces
No void areas or inaccessible slots (e.g. shelving standards)
Durable finish resistant to disinfectants
Smooth, water-resistant counter tops (epoxy, stainless steel, phenolic) – no undercoatings
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Casework4 Casework
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Breathing air systems
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Special Features4 Special Features
Chemical decontamination showers
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Special Features4 Special Features
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Effluent decontamination systems
Double walled containment pipe
BSLBSL-- 4 / ABSL4 / ABSL-- 4 Special Features4 Special Features
Focus IssuesFocus Issues
-- Renovation for ContainmentRenovation for Containment
-- Challenges in Developing CountriesChallenges in Developing Countries
-- Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
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Renovation For ContainmentRenovation For Containment
How does it compare to new construction
Client expectations = new constructionDesign criteria = new constructionBiosafety criteria = new constructionSecurity requirements = new constructionDesign objectives = new constructionSF costs often > new constructionConstraints often > new construction
Renovation For ContainmentRenovation For Containment
Limited Design Flexibility
Creating the Barrier
Accommodating Special Features
Inappropriate Utility Systems
Demanding capacities for Biocontainment
Poor Maintenance Accessibility
Difficult to keep maintenance out of containment
Renovation Issues Renovation Issues Effecting ContainmentEffecting Containment
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Renovation For ContainmentRenovation For Containment
Restrictive Site Conditions
Impact on/to adjoining spaces
Inadequate Structure
Inadequate Headroom
Limitations on equipment selection
Inexperienced Designers & Contractors
Reluctant Neighbors
Additional Scrutiny for a Biocontainment project
Renovation Issues Effecting Renovation Issues Effecting ContainmentContainment……Cont.Cont.
Local MaterialsEvaluate use of local materials
ExpertiseDesign Specialties
Construction Trades
EquipmentAvailability – Long lead
Follow-up Service
The Modular OptionCost vs. Time
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
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Local MaterialsEvaluate use of local materials for containment
Field fabricated vs. catalog items
First cost vs. maintenance labor costs
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
ExpertiseCapable design and construction services available locally
Need to supplement with outside expertise in specialized areas
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
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Equipment
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
Laboratory Equipment
Equipment
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
Vivarium Specialties
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The Modular Option
Challenges in Developing Countries Challenges in Developing Countries
Full Turn Key Package
Time Savings
Quality control
Involve Local labor
Commissioning and certification
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Field quality control – mock ups
Coordination DrawingsLarge Scale or 3D
Value Engineering
Proven Technology
Neatness Counts
Construction Dos and Don'ts
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Field quality control –Mock ups
Adequate Scope
In Budget and Schedule
Timing – Before actual construction
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Field quality control –Mock ups
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
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Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Coordination DrawingsLarge Scale or 3D
“Butterfly Drawings”
Combine All Trades
Confirm Access
Value EngineeringTeam Review
Consider project scale
Consider long-term effect
Putting back in is costly!
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
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Proven TechnologiesSafety First!
Contractor’s Abilities
Project Scrutiny
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Utility PipingUtility Piping
Neatness CountsNeatness Counts
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Welded Stainless SteelWelded Stainless Steel
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Neatness CountsNeatness Counts
Neatness counts!Neatness counts!
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Interstitial DeckInterstitial Deck
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Neatness CountsNeatness Counts
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Dust Collecting in HEPADust Collecting in HEPA Equipment ProtectedEquipment Protected
Does it Look right?Does it Look right?
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Deformed DuctworkDeformed Ductwork Different Box typesDifferent Box types
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Does it Look right?Does it Look right?
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Duct tape Duct tape BiosealBioseal Pipe through a DuctPipe through a Duct
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
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DosDosGet BSL experienced contractor or have contractor visit similar jobs
Have the right people on the job review shop drawings and submittals
Construct a mock up before its too late-for ALL finishes and penetrations.
Check equipment access and delivery paths
Protection of equipment and finishes during construction
Check work quality thoroughly and often
Commissioning (barrier integrity, security hardware, door interlocks, equipment)
Maintaining Construction QualityMaintaining Construction Quality
Don'ts Don'ts
Burden the future operation of the building by accepting VE items that may not pay off in the long run
Skimp on the preparation of substrate for high performance coatings.
Have the sealants and finishes done by the wrong sub contractors
Forget the users during the evaluation of any construction issues that may impact them
Allow changes to the program after construction has started.
-- [email protected]@niaid.nih.gov
Part Two – Architectural Detailing and Construction
Questions?Questions?
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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Thanks to Thanks to Uri Yokel, Uri Yokel, R.A. with LSY Architects for contributing R.A. with LSY Architects for contributing material and support for this lecture.material and support for this lecture.