Arabic Nouns

Arabic Grammarfor the Holy Quran

Al-Qaem InstituteImam Mahdi Association of Marjaeya (I.M.A.M.)

Table of Contents:

Part I: LETTERS 1. The Arabic Aphabet 42. Vowels 53. Other Accents 8

Part II: NOUNS 4. The Word 95. Prepositions 10. 6. The Nouns 127. Nouns: Singular Form 158. Nouns: Dual Form 169. Nouns: Plural Form: Unbroken 1810. Nouns: Plural Form: Broken 2011. Detached Pronouns I 2212. Detached Pronouns II 2413. Attached Pronouns 2614. Demonstrative Nouns 2815. Relative Nouns 3017. Foreign Nouns & Verbal Nouns 3118. Phrases 3319. Iraab & Binaa 3820. Nouns within Sentences 39

APPENDICES 1. Appendix A: Chart of the Word 432. Appendix B: Flow Chart of Nouns 44

Part III: VERBS

2

PART I: LETTERS

3

1 NOSSEL

TEBAHPLA CIBARA EHT

filA aB aT ahT meeJ aaH aahK laaD laahD aaR aaZ neeS neehS daaS daaD

aaT aahD nyA nyahG aaF faaQ faaK maL meeM nooN aaH woW aaY

:drow a fo dne & elddim ,gninnigeb eht ta nihtiw kool srettel eht woH

/ /

/ /

/

/

/

/

/

/

/

4

LESSON 2VOWELS

1. SHORT VOWELS (accents)

i. Fat-ha ii. Damma iii. Kasra

a u e

Ba Bu Be

2. LONG VOWELS (actual letters)

i. Alif ii. Wow iii.Yaa:

aa uu/oo ee

Baa Buu/Boo Bee

5

ee uu/oo aa e u a

bebee boo baa bu ba

tee too taa te tu ta

thee thoo thaa the thu tha

jejee joo jaa ju ja

he huhee hoo haa ha

khekhee khoo khaa khu kha

dee doo daa de du da

dhee dhoo dhaa dhe dhu dha

ree roo raa re ru ra

6

zee zoo zaa ze zu za

see soo saa se su sa

shee shoo shaa

she shu sha

see suu saa se su sa

dhee dhoo dhaa

dhe dhu dha

tee too taa te tu ta

dhee dhoo dhaa dhe dhu dha

ee uu aa e u a

ghee ghuu ghaa

ghe

ghu gha

fee foo faa fe fu fa

7

aq uq eq aaq ooq eeq

ak uk ek aak ook eek

eel

ool

aal

el

ul

al

am um em aam oom eem

an un en aan oon een

ah uh eh aah ooh eeh

aw uw ew aaw oow eew

eey

ooy

aay

ey

uy

ay

8

LESSON 3

+ = =

+ = =

+ = =

+

1. NUNATION / (Al-Tanween)

2. LETTER EMPHASIS /(Ashadda)

+ = + = =

Tte Llu Ssa

3. SOLAR & LUNAR LETTERS / (Al-Ahruf Ashamsiya wa Al-Qamariya)

In the denitive noun, in Arabic, 2 types of letters follow the alif lam:i. The Solar Letters (uncircled) = lam of alif lam of denitive is silent.For example:

Ashamsu/ = ii. The Lunar Letter (circled) = lam is NOT silent.For example:

Al-qamaru/ 9

LESSON 4

THE WORD

1. Noun 2. Verb 3. Particle

Pronounced Ism Fil Harf

Meaning A word that indicates a meaning that is notassociated with time.

A word that indicates a meaning that isassociated with one of the 3 dimensions of time (past, present & future).

Indicates a meaning inother than itself.

Examples He Muhammad A Book Standing

He did... He does... He will do...

In Who If When

Signs 1. It is a ag name2. precursed by the theidentier 3. precursed by thepreposition particles4. Ends with Nunation/tanween

1. precursed by the jussive2. can apply yaa al mukhatab/of the spoken to3. precursed by s or sow-fa (indicates the future tense.4. precursed by qad (meansmay, e.g., Ahmad may go to school. 5. The noon of emphasis (al-tawkeed)6. The taa of the feminine (al-taneeth alsaakina)7. The taa of the doer (al-faail)

1. The particles of inquisition under hal- These precurse nouns and verbs. 2. The prepositional particles under fee - These precurse nouns only.3. The jussive particles under lam - These precurse verbs in the future form only (al-lal-mudaari)

10

LESSON 5

THE PARTICLES: PREPOSITIONS

(Ah-ruf Ajjarri)

1. Prepositions These are 10:

1. min /2. elaa /

3. fee /4. alaa /

5. an / 6. hattaa /

= from = to = in = on = about = until

7. le /8. ka /9. wa /

= for/belonging to= like/as

= used for oath

10. ta / = used for oath only with Allahs name.

Role: 1. Form Prepositional Phrases2. Only precede nouns.

Rules of Iraab: - Make the noun/ism majroor with the: Kasra or yaa

Example:

min sharri il-naasi From the evil of men

ta-Allahi

By the name of Allah

mim al-muslimeena

From the Muslims 11

PART II: NOUNS

12

LESSON 6

THE NOUNS

Overview:Four main points:

or are body parts that are a , , , A. All nouns are masculine unless they end withpair.

B. All nouns are either: i. Masculine ii. Feminine.

C. All nouns are either: i. Singular: one only.ii. Dual: two only.iii. Plural: more than two.

D. All pronouns are either in the:i. First Person: I, we and us.ii. Second Person: you

iii. Third Person: they, them.

Keeping the above points in mind, let's look at nouns in more detail:

1. Simple Nouns:A. Common Nouns

i. Denite (Al-Marifa)

Al-Kitab (the book) ~ the reference her is to the Holy Quran.

ii. Indenite (Al-Nakirra)

Kasan (a glass) ~ the reference here is a general one.

B. Proper Nouns (peoples names)/(Asmaa Al-Alaam)

Ali, Muhammad

13

Now, lets start applying the preceding points, one by one:I. All nouns are masculine, unless they end with:

End withi. For example:

(Jannatun)Heaven

(Baqaratun)

Cow

ii. End with For example:

(Israa')('Aashooraa')Ashura

(Hamraa')RedAscension

iii. End with For example:

(Sughraa)

Lesser (Kubraa)Greater

iv. Are body parts that are a pairFor example:

('Aynun) (Yadun) Eye Hand

(Rijlun)Foot

v. Others: For example:

(Harbun)

War (Naarun) (Shamssun)Fire Sun

(Ardhun) Earth

II. All nouns are either: i. Masculine ii. Feminine.

For example: Masculine Feminine

14

(rajullun) (imraattun)Man Woman

(thawrun) (baqaratun)Bull Cow

Exercise: 1. Look into your copy of the holy Quran and nd the masculine and feminine words. Collect10 of each and write them on a sheet of paper and submit them to your teacher.

2. Find 10 word that are in the denite form and write them down.

3. Find 10 more words that are in their indenite forms.

4. Vocabulary: memorize the words from this lesson with their meanings.

15

LESSON 7

Nouns: Singular Forms

(Al-Ism Al-Mufrad)

C. All nouns are either: i. Singular: one only.ii. Dual: two only.iii. Plural: more than two.

In this lesson, we will be concentrating on the singular forms:

Rules of Iraab: Subject: takes a DammaObject: Fat-haPrepositional/Possessor Phrase: Kasra

Masculine Feminine

(rajullun) (imraatun)A Man A woman

Singular

Singular (kitaabun) (jannatun)A Book A Heaven

Exercise: 1. Lets open up the holy Quran and write down 10 singular masculine and feminine word (10 of each).


16

LESSON 8

Nouns: Dual Forms

(Al-Ism Al-Muthannaa)

In this lesson, we will be concentrating on the dual forms (two only) of nouns.To turn a singular form of a noun to it dual form:

to the end of the singular form i. If its the Subject: addii. If its the Object/prepositional/possessive phrase: add

form.

Rules of Iraab: Subject: AlifObject: YaaPrepositional/Possessor Phrase: Yaa

For example:

Singular form+

+ = (jamaalaani = jamallun + aanin) Camel --> Two Camels

+ =

(faraashatayni = faraashattun + ayni)Buttery --> Two butteries

Exercise:

1. Fill in the blanks:

Masculine Feminine

Singular

A Man A woman

to the end of the singular

Dual Subject:

Dual Object/: 17

Prepositional/Possessive Two men Two women

Masculine Feminine

Singular

A Book A Heaven

Dual Subject:

Dual Object/:Prepositional/Possessive Two books Two heavens

2. Find 5 nouns in there dual forms of both masculine and feminine. And mark which is in the object and subject forms.

3. Find 5 nouns that are in their singular form that are masculine and feminine. Take these nouns and turn them into the dual forms for the subject, object, prepositional and possessivephrases (as in the charts above).


18

LESSON 9

Nouns: Plural Forms I

if its the subject, or if its an object masculine noun within a sentence. if its the subject, or if its an object feminine noun within a sentence.

(Ism Al-Jam'i)

In this lesson, we will be concentrating on the plural forms (three or more) of nouns. There are two forms of the plural that we must look at:

1. The Unbroken/Sound Plural:Here the original form of the singular noun:

i. stays intact, or unchangedii. with the addition of the:

a.b.

Singular form+ Singular form+

+ = + = (mu'mineena) (mu'minoona)

Singular form+ Singular form+

+ = + =

(mu'minaatun) (mu'minaatin)

Exercise: 1. Fill in the blanks:

Masculine Feminine

Rules of Iraab: Subject: WowObject: YaaPrepositional/Possessor Phrase: Yaa

Object /Prepos./Possessive Subject

Masculine:

Feminine:

Singular

A man of the Book(Christian or Jewish) A woman 19

Dual Subject:

Dual Object/:Prepositional/ Possessive

Three or more men Three or more women

Plural Subject:

Plural Object/:Prepositional/Possessive Three or more men Three or more women

2. Now nd 10 masculine and 10 feminine words in their plural forms (unbroken) and writethem down in their object and subject forms.

3. Identify 10 masculine and 10 other feminine singular nouns and write them in their pluralforms for subject, object, prepositional phrase and possessive phrase.


20

LESSON 10

Nouns: Plural Forms II

LESSON 11

DETACHED PRONOUNS I

(Addamaa'ir Al-Munfassilla)

C. Pronouns:

i. Detached ii. Attached

General Rules: i. Pronouns act to identify something. Therefore, they will turn something from being unidentied withrespect to its owner or doer of an action to dened and known.ii. Pronouns are generally mabnee/unchangeable, except in the dual form.

i. Detached Pronouns:

a. As the subject: Singular Dual Plural

1st Person:

Masc.

Fem.

Me

ana

"

Us

nahnu

"

Us

nahnu

"

2nd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

You

anta

anti

You two

antumaa

"

antumaa

You all

antum

antun

3rd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

He/She

huwa

heya

They two

homaa

"

homaa

They all

hom

honna 22

For example:

a. As the subject: Singular Dual Plural

1st Person: Masc.

Fem.

I am Muslim

ana muslimun

ana muslimatun

We are Muslim

nahnu muslimaani

nahnu muslimata

We are Muslim

nahnu muslimoona

ani nahnu muslimaatun

2nd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

You are Muslim

anta muslimun

anti muslimatun

You are Muslim

antumaa muslima

antumaa muslima

You all are Muslim

ani antum muslimoona

taani antun muslimaatun

3rd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

He/She is Muslim

huwa muslimun

heya muslimatun

They are Muslim

homaa muslimaa

homaa muslimata

They all are Muslim

ni hom muslimoona

ani honna muslimaatun

Exercise: 1. Using the words listed below, create a chart similar to the one above for each word.

.

2. Memorize the vocabulary from this lesson.

23

LESSON 12

DETACHED PRONOUNS II


b. As the object/possessive:

Singular Dual Plural

1st Person:

Masc.

Fem.

Me

Eyyaaya

"

Us

Eyyaanaa

"

Us

Eyyaanaa

"

2nd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

You

Eyyaaka

Eyaakie

You two

Eyyaakumaa

"

You all

Eyyaakum

Eyaakon

3rd Person:

Masc.

Fem.

He/She

Eyyaahu

Eyyaahaa

They two

Eyaahomaa

"

They all

Eyaahom

Eyyaahon

The detached pronouns can be found either associated with:

1. Pronoun + Noun/Pronoun: in which case, it would be mudhaaf illayh

For example:

24

2. Pronoun + Verb = in which case, it would be mafool bihhi or the object.

For Example:

Exercise:

1. Memorize these pronouns.

2. a. Find 10 of these pronouns in the holy Quran and list them as they appear in a phrase or

sentence.

b. Write if it is an object or part of a possessive phrase.

25

LESSON 13

ii. THE ATTACHED PRONOUNS

(Addamaa'ir Al-Muttassilla)

Pronouns:

i. Attached Pronouns:


1st Person: Me Us Us

Masc. /

ya / tu naa naa

Fem. " " "

2nd Person: You You two You all

Masc. / / /

Fem.

ka / ta

/

kumaa / tumaa

"

tomm

/

Eyaakie tun

3rd Person:

Masc.

He/She

/

They two

/

They all

/

Fem.

hu / a

/

homaa / aa

"

Eyaahom

/

haa / t na / hon

(Note: what is before the"/" is attached to a noun, what is after the"/" is attached to a verb.)

Exercise: 1. Complete the words in the chart on the following page.

2. Make your own chart using the following words: 26


1st Person: Me Us Us

Masc.

Fem. I ate

My book

We both ate.

Our book

We ate.

Our book

2nd Person: You You two You all

Masc.

You ate You two ate You all ate

Your book Your Book Your book

Fem. You ate You two ate You all ate

Your book Your book Your book

3rd Person:

Masc.

He/She

They two

They all

He ate They both ate They all ate

His book Their book Their book

Fem.

She ate They both ate They all ate

Her book Their book Their book

27

LESSON 14

D. THE DEMONSTRATIVE NOUNS

(Assmaa Al-Ishaara)

D. Demonstrative Nouns

A Place Masculine/ Feminine/

Object Subject/Poss./Prepo. Object S./P./P.

Singular

mufrad

thamma

/

hunaallika /

there /

that / this

hunaa dhaallika / haadhaa

/

that / that

tilka / haadhaa

Dual

muthannaa

/ /

those two

dhaynika dhaynika

/ haadhaanie /haadhaynie

/ /

those two

taynika taanikka

/ haataynie / haataanie

Plural

jam'un

/

those more than two

uulaa / uulaa-ie

/ those more than two

uulaa-eka / haa-uulaa-ie

. Each one is used for a spe- and the , the Important notes:

The demonstrative nouns show the use of "cic purpose:

- is attached to the beginning of the demonstrative noun.:i. the "- is used to draw attention to something near.

- For example:

haadhaa siraatun mustaqeem 28

That is the straight path

- is attached to the end of the demonstrative noun. :

- is used to refer to the person with whom you are speaking.

- For example:

ii. the

dhaallika al-kitaabu laa rayba feehiIn that book there is no doubt

- is attached to the end of the demonstrative noun.: .

- it must precede the - is used to refer to something far.

- For example:

Inna fee dhaallika la-aayaatin li-qawmin yatafakkaroon

Surely, in that there are proofs to people that think/contemplate.

General Rules:

will not be. are part of the demonstrative noun, " and the 1. If both the

= + + For example:

+ + For example: will not be. is part of the demonstrative noun, 2. If "

=

iii. the

3. All demonstrative nouns are mabnee/unchangeable except he dual forms aremurab or changeable (refers to end of word).

Exercise:

1. Refer to your holy Quran and extract 10 places where you see the use of such demonstrative

nouns and write them down.

2. Write one sentence as an example of each item in the demonstrative noun chart.

29

LESSON 15

E. THE RELATIVE NOUNS(Al-Assmaa' Al-Mowsoola)


Masc.

alladhee

He who

Subject Object/P./P. Subject/Object/P./P.

alladhaani

They two

alladhayni

who

/

al-ulaa / alladheena

They all who

Fem.

allatee

She who

allataani

They two

allatayni

who

/

al-laa-ee / al-lawaatee

They all who

Rules of Binaa'/I'raab:

1. All are mabnee, except the dual form are:

a. marfoo bil alif

b. mansoob/majroor bil yaa'

2. The binaa' is with the sukoon.

Example:

alladheena yuminoona bil-ghaybe

Those who believe in the unseen.

Exercise:

Find 10 occurences of such relative nouns in the holy Quran. 30

LESSON 16

2. FOREIGN NOUNS


2. Foreign Nouns/(Al-Asmaa Al-Ajamiya)Rule of Iraab: Subject : takes a DammaObject: Fat-haPrepositional/Possessor Phrase: Fat-ha

Seebaawayha, Yousuffa, Ibraaheema ,

3. THE VERBAL NOUNS

(Al-Masdar)

3.Verbal Nouns/(Al-Massdar)

samun

He heard --> Hearing

shurbun

He drank --> Drinking

31

NOUNS ENDING WITH LONG VOWELS

(Al-Asmaa Al-Mutallatil-aakhire)

al-asmaa al-manqoosa al-asmaa al-maqsoora

Those ending in Alif / Those ending in Yaa /

Short vowel shows Does not show Does not show in all cases because of heaviness

nasb/mansoob jar/majroor raf/marfoo raf, jar and nasb

Exercise: Find for each item covered in this lesson, nd 10 instances in the holy Quran where it can befound.

32

.LESSON 17

5. THE FIVE NOUNS

(Al-Asmaa' Al-Khamsa)

5. Five Nouns/(Al-AsmaaAl-Khamsa)Rule of Iraab:

Object : takes a Wow / Subject: takes an Alif /

Prepositional/Possessor Phrase: takes a Yaa /

abu muhammadin

Muhammads father.

ra-aytu abaa muhammadin

I saw Muhammads father.

dhahabtu elaa akheeka I went to your brother.

dhu maal, fooka, hamooka, akhooka, abookaA person of wealth, your mouth, your in-law, your brother, your father

takalamta maa dhee maalin You spoke with a person of wealth.

Exercise: Find 10 instances in the holy Quran where these nouns have been used.

33

LESSON 18

THE VOCATIVE PHRASE

"" (Yaa' Al-Nidaa')

1. Preceding a Noun:Causes no change.For example:

"" (Ellaa Al-Isti'naaya)

Preceding a Noun:Changes the vowel from a damma (raf') to a fat-ha. Therefore, causes nasb.

For example:

yaa muhammadOh Muhammad

2. Preceding a Possessive Phrase:Changes the vowel from a damma (raf') to a fat-ha. Therefore, causes nasb. For example:

yaa saahibazzamaan

Oh savior of our time

THE EXCEPTIONAL PHRASE

ellaa hameeman Except the hellre

34

THE NEGATIVE PHRASE

"" (Laa Al-naayya)

1. Preceding a Noun:Changes the vowel from a damma (raf') to a fat-ha. Therefore, causes nasb.

For example:

laa darsa l-ghadiNo class tomorrow

2. Preceding a Verb:Causes no change.

For example:

laa taqrubaa

Do not approach

THE DESCRIPTIVE PHRASE

(Assifa wal-mowsoof)

This refers to the noun and the description the proceeds it.

Rule of Iraab: The description of the noun follows the noun in its i'raab.

For example:

naarun haamiyatunA blazing re

35

THE CONJUNCTIVE PHRASE

(Al-'aatif wal-ma'toof)

/ The letters of Atf :

The Purpose:- To tie together two nouns, phrases, or ideas.

Rule of Iraab: The noun after the letter of "atf" (otherwise known as the conjunctions "and"/"or"the noun preceding the letter of atf in its iraab. For example:

jaaa muhammadun wa alleyyun

Muhammad and Ali came.

THE EXCHANGE PHRASE

(Al-Badal)

The Purpose:- To give another title to a noun.

Rule of Iraab: The second noun follows the second noun in its i'raab. For example:

ameeru al-mumineena Aliyyun

The master of the faithful Ali (AS)

) follow /

36

THE EXCHANGE PHRASE

(Al-Tawkeedu)

The Purpose:- To emphasize a point.

Rule of Iraab: The second noun follows the second noun in its i'raab. For example:

assalaata assalaata

Prayer! Prayer!

Exercise: Take each item taught in this lesson and nd where there are examples of them in the holyQuran. Write 5 of each.

37

LESSON 19

ERAAB & BINAA

(Al-Mu'rab wal-Mabnee)

Nouns

Mu'rab Mabnee

The noun does not change in look at all The noun's last vowels change

no matter where it is placed: depending on where it is placed in

a sentence or phrase

Pronouns All other nouns

Demonstrative Nouns i. Subject: Marfoo' bil-damma

Relative Nouns ii. Object: Mansoob bil-fat-ha

iii. Possesive/Prepositional Phrase:

Majroor bil-kasra

iv. News: Marfoo' bil-damma Exercise: Let's review some examples. Compile a chart that lists each type of noun and what it wouldlook like in terms of e'raab or binaa' for the: 1. Subject2. Object3. Prepositional Phrase4. Possessive Phrase 5. Descriptive Phrase6. Vocative Phrase 7. Interrogative Phrase 38

LESSON 20THE SENTENCE

(Al-Jumla)

(Taamma) (Naaqissa)

Nominal Verbal

The noun is part of both nominal and verbal sentences.

1. The Nominal Sentence /

ii. News

(khabar) (mubtada)

Incomplete

Complete

(Fi'liyya)

(Ismiyya)

(Al-Jumla Al-Ismiyya) This is a sentence that begins with a noun. The nominal sentence is composed of:

+ i. Subject

+

(Allahhu Ssammad)

Allah the Eternal, the Absolute.

39

In the Nominal sentence, the noun can exist as:

A. Subject:

(Dhaalikka al-kitaabu laa rayba feehi huddan lilmuttaqeen)

This Book, there is no doubt in it, is a guide to those who guard (against evil).

(Allahhu Ssammad)

Allah the Eternal, the Absolute.

C. Part of a Possessive Phrase:

(waylun likulli humazatin lumazza)

Wayl ( A valley in hell) to every slanderer, defamer

Exercise:Look into your copy of the holy Quran and nd 10 nominal sentences that contain at least one

of the elements listed above.

B. News :

(Innaa anzalnaahu fee laylatil qadr)

Surely We revealed it on the grand night.

D. Preceded by a Preposition:

40

2. In the Verbal sentence:

This is a sentence that begins with a verb. In this type of sentence, the noun can exist as:

A. Subject

B. Object

object + subject + verb

dhahaba ahmadun sabaahan

Ahmad went in the morning

Rules of Iraab: The verb: Marfoo bil-damma The subject: Marfoo bil-dammaThe object: Mansoob bil-fat-ha (depends on form of noun).

Exercise:

1. Make a chart listing all of the places where the noun is in the state of raf'.

2. Make a chart listing all of the different places that the noun is in a state of nasb.

3. Write 10 nominal sentences from the holy Quran with the i'raab of each part of the sentence.

4. Write 10 verbal sentences from the holy Quran with the i'raab of each part of the sentence.

41

APPENDICES

42

APPENDIX A

THE NOUNS

1. Simple 2. Five 3. Foreign 4. Verbal Nouns Nouns Nouns Nouns

(Al-Asmaa Al-Ajnabiya) (Al-Masdar)

SamunIbraaheem/ Akhooka

Shurbun4. / Dhu Maal 5.

A. Common B. Proper C. Pronouns D. Demonstrative E. Relative Nouns Nouns Nouns Nouns

(AsmaaAl-Alaam) (Addamaair) (AsmaaAl-Ishaara) (Al-AsmaaAl-Mawsoola)

/hunaalika / hunaa

/

dhaallika / haadhaa al-lattee /

al-ladhayni / al-ladhaani/

haadhayni / haathaani al-latayni / al-lattaani /

haattaani al-ullaa / al-ladheena

/ ullaa / haa-ullaai al-laa-ee / al-lawaa-ee

haadhihi

/

Object

-naa- tu

-

- te - ta

-

-ke

- / - -

i. Attached ii. Detached (Al-Muttassilla) (Al-Munfassilla)

Obj./Prep./Pos Subject Subject

-ka - naa eyaanaaa- eyaaya nahnu - annaa

-huwa - anntaeyaahu - eyaaka

- he - ha eyaahaa - eyaaki hiyya - annti - - - yee - oo eyaahumaa - eyaakumaa humaa - antumaa

- - eyaahum - eyaakum humm - antum--

eyaahunn - eyaakunn hunn - antunn

al-ladhee

aa - na yee

43

APPENDIX B

THE PARTICLES

1. Prepositions 2. Jussive 3. Interrogative

(Ah-ruf Ajjar)

(Ahruf Ajjazm) (Asmaa Al-Istifhaam)

These are: These are: These are:

2. lema/1. lam / 2. elaa/1. min/ 1. hal/

4. maadhaa/ 3. ayna /2. lan / 4. alaa/3. fee/

6. kayfa/5. man/3. In / 6. hattaa/5. an/

8. maa/ 7. mataa/8. ke/7. le/

10. kam/9. leman/10. ta/9. wa/

12. ayyaana/11. ayyu/Role: Role:

1. Form Prepositional Phrases 1. Form jussive phrase Role: 2. Only precede nouns. 2. Only precede verbs. 1. Can precede nouns & verbs.

2. Can combine with some prepo-

sitions.

3. Interrogative when at start of a

sentence. Rules of Iraab: Rules of Binaa: Rules of Binaa: - Make the noun/ism majroor 1. Present tense verb: - Depends on the noun itself.with the: Sukun

Kasra or yaa 2. Present tense plural: Example:

hadhf/absence of noon.

Example: 3. Present tense ending man dhaa alladhee yuqridhuwith vowel:

i. wow --> dammamin sharri il-naasi

ii. alif --> fat-ha mataa haadhaa al-wadu iii. yaa --> kasra

ta-Allahi

Example: ayyaana mursaahaa

mim al-muslimeena lam

lan yafqahoo

lan yarda

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PART III: VERBS

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Arabic Nouns

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Transcript of Arabic Nouns