APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company: Guaranteed to...

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APUSH WBHS APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell Mr. Buttell

Transcript of APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company: Guaranteed to...

Page 1: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

APUSH WBHSAPUSH WBHS

Mr. ButtellMr. Buttell

Page 2: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

VirginiaVirginiaVirginiaVirginia

Page 3: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

The Charter of the Virginia Company:The Charter of the Virginia Company: Guaranteed to Guaranteed to

colonists the same colonists the same rights as Englishmen rights as Englishmen as if they had stayed as if they had stayed in England.in England.

This provision was This provision was incorporated into incorporated into future colonistsfuture colonists’’ documents.documents.

Colonists felt that, even in the Colonists felt that, even in the Americas, they had the rights of Americas, they had the rights of Englishmen!Englishmen!

English ColonizationEnglish ColonizationEnglish ColonizationEnglish Colonization

Page 4: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Late 1606 Late 1606 VA Co. sends out 3 VA Co. sends out 3 shipsships

Spring 1607 Spring 1607 land at mouth of land at mouth of Chesapeake Bay.Chesapeake Bay.

Attacked by Indians and move on.Attacked by Indians and move on.

May 24, 1607 May 24, 1607 about 100 colonists about 100 colonists [all men] land at Jamestown, along [all men] land at Jamestown, along banks of James Riverbanks of James River

Easily defended, but swarming with Easily defended, but swarming with disease-causing mosquitoes.disease-causing mosquitoes.

England Plants the England Plants the Jamestown Jamestown ““SeedlingSeedling””England Plants the England Plants the

Jamestown Jamestown ““SeedlingSeedling””

Page 5: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown Jamestown Settlement, 1609Settlement, 1609

Jamestown Jamestown Settlement, 1609Settlement, 1609

Page 6: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Chesapeake BayChesapeake BayChesapeake BayChesapeake Bay

Geographic/environmental Geographic/environmental problems??problems??

Page 7: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown Fort & Jamestown Fort & SettlementSettlement Map Map

Jamestown Fort & Jamestown Fort & SettlementSettlement Map Map

Page 8: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown HousingJamestown HousingJamestown HousingJamestown Housing

Page 9: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown Jamestown SettlementSettlementJamestown Jamestown SettlementSettlement

Page 10: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown Chapel, Jamestown Chapel, 16111611

Jamestown Chapel, Jamestown Chapel, 16111611

Page 11: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Captain John Smith:Captain John Smith:The Right Man for the Job??The Right Man for the Job??Captain John Smith:Captain John Smith:The Right Man for the Job??The Right Man for the Job??

There was no talk…but dig There was no talk…but dig goldgold, , wash wash goldgold, refine , refine goldgold, load , load goldgold……

Page 12: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

PocahontasPocahontasPocahontasPocahontas

A 1616 A 1616 engravingengraving

Pocahontas Pocahontas ““savessaves”” Captain John SmithCaptain John Smith

Page 13: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660

Page 14: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

River Settlement River Settlement PatternPattern

River Settlement River Settlement PatternPattern

Large plantations [>100 acres].Large plantations [>100 acres].

Widely spread apart [>5 miles].Widely spread apart [>5 miles].

Social/EconomicSocial/EconomicPROBLEMS???PROBLEMS???

Page 15: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Jamestown Colonization Jamestown Colonization Pattern:Pattern:1620-16601620-1660

Jamestown Colonization Jamestown Colonization Pattern:Pattern:1620-16601620-1660

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High Mortality RatesHigh Mortality RatesHigh Mortality RatesHigh Mortality Rates

The The ““Starving TimeStarving Time””::1607: 104 colonists1607: 104 colonists

By spring, 1608: 38 survivedBy spring, 1608: 38 survived

1609: 300 more immigrants1609: 300 more immigrants

By spring, 1610: 60 survivedBy spring, 1610: 60 survived

1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants

1624 population: 1,2001624 population: 1,200

Adult life expectancy: 40 yearsAdult life expectancy: 40 years

Death of children before age 5: Death of children before age 5: 80%80%

Page 17: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Powhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan Confederacy

Page 18: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Chief PowhatanChief PowhatanChief PowhatanChief Powhatan

Powhatan ConfederacyPowhatan Confederacy

Powhatan dominated a Powhatan dominated a dozen small tribes dozen small tribes in the James River in the James River area.area.

Powhatan probably sawPowhatan probably sawthe English as allies in his struggles to the English as allies in his struggles to control other Indian tribes in the control other Indian tribes in the region.region.

Page 19: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

PowhatanPowhatanIndian VillageIndian Village

PowhatanPowhatanIndian VillageIndian Village

Page 20: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Indian FoodsIndian FoodsIndian FoodsIndian Foods

Page 21: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Relations between Indians & settlers Relations between Indians & settlers grew worse.grew worse.

English raided Indian food supplies English raided Indian food supplies during the starving times.during the starving times.

1610-1614 1610-1614 First Anglo-Powhatan First Anglo-Powhatan WarWar

De La Warr had orders to make war De La Warr had orders to make war on the Indians.on the Indians.

Raided villages, burned houses, took Raided villages, burned houses, took supplies, burned cornfields.supplies, burned cornfields.

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Page 22: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

1614-1622 1614-1622 peace between peace between Powhatans and the English, marriage Powhatans and the English, marriage of Pocahontas to Rolfeof Pocahontas to Rolfe

1622-1644 1622-1644 periodic attacks periodic attacks between Indians and settlers.between Indians and settlers.

1622 1622 Indians attacked the English, Indians attacked the English, killing 347 [including John Rolfe].killing 347 [including John Rolfe].

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Page 23: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Powhatan UprisingPowhatan Uprisingof 1622 (347 killed)of 1622 (347 killed)Powhatan UprisingPowhatan Uprisingof 1622 (347 killed)of 1622 (347 killed)

Page 24: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

1644-1646 1644-1646 Second Anglo- Second Anglo-Powhatan WarPowhatan War

Last effort of natives to defeat Last effort of natives to defeat English.English.

Indians defeated again.Indians defeated again.

Peace Treaty of 1646Peace Treaty of 1646

Removed the Powhatans from their Removed the Powhatans from their original land.original land.

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Culture Clash in the Culture Clash in the ChesapeakeChesapeake

Page 25: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

John RolfeJohn RolfeJohn RolfeJohn Rolfe

What finally made the colony What finally made the colony prosperous??prosperous??

Page 26: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Tobacco PlantTobacco PlantTobacco PlantTobacco Plant

VirginiaVirginia’’s s gold gold and and silversilver.. -- John Rolfe, 1612 -- John Rolfe, 1612

Page 27: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco

16181618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.

16221622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.

16271627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.

16291629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

Page 28: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Tobacco Prices: 1618-Tobacco Prices: 1618-17101710

Tobacco Prices: 1618-Tobacco Prices: 1618-17101710

Why did tobacco prices decline so Why did tobacco prices decline so precipitously?precipitously?

Page 29: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Indentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured Servitude

Headright System:Headright System:

Each Virginian got 50 acres for Each Virginian got 50 acres for each person whose passage each person whose passage they paid.they paid.

Indenture Contract:Indenture Contract:

5-7 years.5-7 years.

Promised Promised ““freedom duesfreedom dues”” [land, £] [land, £]

Forbidden to marry.Forbidden to marry.

1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured contracts!their indentured contracts!

Page 30: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Why was Why was 16191619 a pivotal year a pivotal year

for the for the Chesapeake Chesapeake settlement?settlement?

Why was Why was 16191619 a pivotal year a pivotal year

for the for the Chesapeake Chesapeake settlement?settlement?

Page 31: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

Page 32: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

The House of Burgesses The House of Burgesses established in established in 16191619 & began to & began to assume the role of the House of assume the role of the House of Commons in EnglandCommons in England

Control over finances, militia, etc.Control over finances, militia, etc.

A Council appointed by royal A Council appointed by royal governorgovernor

Mainly leading planters.Mainly leading planters.

Functions like House of Lords.Functions like House of Lords.

High death rates ensured rapid High death rates ensured rapid turnover of members.turnover of members.

Growing Political PowerGrowing Political PowerGrowing Political PowerGrowing Political Power

Page 33: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Late 1600s Late 1600s large numbers of large numbers of young, poor, discontented men in young, poor, discontented men in the Chesapeake area.the Chesapeake area.

Little access to land or women for Little access to land or women for marriage.marriage.

1670 1670 The Virginia Assembly The Virginia Assembly disenfranchised most landless men!disenfranchised most landless men!

Frustrated FreemenFrustrated FreemenFrustrated FreemenFrustrated Freemen

Page 34: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Led 1,000 Virginians Led 1,000 Virginians in a rebellion against in a rebellion against Governor BerkeleyGovernor Berkeley

Rebels resented Rebels resented BerkeleyBerkeley’’s close s close relations with relations with Indians.Indians.

Berkeley Berkeley monopolized the fur monopolized the fur trade with the trade with the Indians in the area.Indians in the area.

Berkley refused to Berkley refused to retaliate for Indian retaliate for Indian attacks on frontier attacks on frontier settlements.settlements.

Nathaniel BaconNathaniel Bacon’’s s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel BaconNathaniel Bacon’’s s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Nathaniel BaconBacon

GovernoGovernorr

William William BerkeleyBerkeley

Page 35: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

BaconBacon’’s Rebellion: 1676s Rebellion: 1676BaconBacon’’s Rebellion: 1676s Rebellion: 1676

Page 36: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

It exposed resentments between It exposed resentments between inland frontiersmen and landless inland frontiersmen and landless former servants against gentry on former servants against gentry on coastal plantations.coastal plantations.

Socio-economic class Socio-economic class differences/clashes between rural differences/clashes between rural and urban communities would and urban communities would continue throughout American continue throughout American history.history.

Upper class planters searched for Upper class planters searched for laborers less likely to rebel laborers less likely to rebel BLACK BLACK SLAVES!!SLAVES!!

Results of BaconResults of Bacon’’s s RebellionRebellion

Results of BaconResults of Bacon’’s s RebellionRebellion

Page 37: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

MarylandMarylandMarylandMaryland

Page 38: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

A royal charter wasA royal charter wasgranted to Georgegranted to GeorgeCalvert, Lord Calvert, Lord Baltimore,Baltimore,in 1632.in 1632.

A A proprietary proprietary colony colony created in 1634.created in 1634.

A healthier locationA healthier locationthan Jamestown.than Jamestown.

Tobacco would be the Tobacco would be the main crop.main crop.

His plan was to govern as an absentee His plan was to govern as an absentee proprietor in a feudal relationship.proprietor in a feudal relationship.

Huge tracts of land granted to his Catholic Huge tracts of land granted to his Catholic relatives.relatives.

The Settlement of The Settlement of MarylandMaryland

The Settlement of The Settlement of MarylandMaryland

Page 39: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Colonization of Colonization of MarylandMaryland

Colonization of Colonization of MarylandMaryland

Page 40: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Baltimore permitted high degree of Baltimore permitted high degree of freedom of worship in order to prevent freedom of worship in order to prevent repeat of persecution of Catholics by repeat of persecution of Catholics by Protestants.Protestants.

High number of Protestants threatened High number of Protestants threatened because of overwhelming rights given to because of overwhelming rights given to Catholics.Catholics.

Toleration Act of 1649Toleration Act of 1649 Supported by the Catholics in MD.Supported by the Catholics in MD.

Guaranteed toleration to all CHRISTIANS.Guaranteed toleration to all CHRISTIANS.

Decreed death to those who denied the Decreed death to those who denied the divinity of Jesus [like Jews, atheists, etc.].divinity of Jesus [like Jews, atheists, etc.].

In one way, it was less tolerant than In one way, it was less tolerant than before the law was passed!!before the law was passed!!

A Haven for CatholicsA Haven for CatholicsA Haven for CatholicsA Haven for Catholics

Page 41: APUSH WBHS Mr. Buttell. VirginiaVirginia The Charter of the Virginia Company:  Guaranteed to colonists the same rights as Englishmen as if they had.

Southern Society

• Death and disease gives way to hierarchy of wealth.

• FFV (First Families of Virginia) dominate the House of Burgesses. Top Class

• Small farmers = 1-2 slaves• Landless Whites• Indentured Servants, and

then slaves• Few cities, thus few urban

professionals.• Transportation is hard, due

to land constraints