Apus apus -- (Linnaeus, 1758) - BirdLife...
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Apus apus -- (Linnaeus, 1758) ANIMALIA -- CHORDATA -- AVES -- CAPRIMULGIFORMES -- APODIDAE Common names: Common Swift; European Swift; Martinet noir; Swift European Red List Assessment European Red List Status LC -- Least Concern, (IUCN version 3.1) Assessment Information Year published: 2015 Date assessed: 2015-03-31 Assessor(s): BirdLife International Reviewer(s): Symes, A. Compiler(s): Ashpole, J., Burfield, I., Ieronymidou, C., Pople, R., Wheatley, H. & Wright, L. Assessment Rationale European regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) EU27 regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) At both European and EU27 scales this species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). Despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern within both Europe and the EU27. Occurrence Countries/Territories of Occurrence Native: Albania; Andorra; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Faroe Islands (to DK); Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland, Rep. of; Italy; Latvia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Malta; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Gibraltar (to UK) Vagrant: Iceland; Svalbard and Jan Mayen (to NO) Population The European population is estimated at 19,100,000-32,500,000 pairs, which equates to 38,200,000-65,000,000 mature individuals. The population in the EU27 is estimated at 15,800,000-23,300,000 pairs, which equates to 32,000,000-47,500,000 mature individuals. For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF . Trend In Europe and the EU27 the population size is estimated to be decreasing by less than 25% in 33.6 years (three generations). For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF . Habitats and Ecology The species inhabits a wide range of habitats from arid steppe, desert, temperate, Mediterranean and boreal zones. It breeds between March and June. In the U.K. it breeds mid-May to late July and a week earlier and later in Switzerland and Fenno-Scandia respectively. It typically lays one to four eggs. It nests mainly in buildings, but in remote parts of the range it also uses tree hollows and rock crevices. The nest cup is constructed of small pieces of vegetable matter and feathers, agglutinated with saliva. It feeds on insects and spiders. It is a long-distance migrant wintering in Africa mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania south to Zimbabwe and Mozambique, it is present on the African wintering grounds from September (Chantler and Boesman 2013).
Transcript of Apus apus -- (Linnaeus, 1758) - BirdLife...
Apus apus -- (Linnaeus, 1758)ANIMALIA -- CHORDATA -- AVES -- CAPRIMULGIFORMES -- APODIDAECommon names: Common Swift; European Swift; Martinet noir; Swift
European Red List AssessmentEuropean Red List Status
LC -- Least Concern, (IUCN version 3.1)
Assessment InformationYear published: 2015Date assessed: 2015-03-31Assessor(s): BirdLife InternationalReviewer(s): Symes, A.Compiler(s): Ashpole, J., Burfield, I., Ieronymidou, C., Pople, R., Wheatley, H. & Wright, L.Assessment RationaleEuropean regional assessment: Least Concern (LC)EU27 regional assessment: Least Concern (LC)
At both European and EU27 scales this species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). Despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations).For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern within both Europe and the EU27.
OccurrenceCountries/Territories of OccurrenceNative:Albania; Andorra; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Faroe Islands (to DK); Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland, Rep. of; Italy; Latvia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Malta; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Gibraltar (to UK)Vagrant:Iceland; Svalbard and Jan Mayen (to NO)
PopulationThe European population is estimated at 19,100,000-32,500,000 pairs, which equates to 38,200,000-65,000,000 mature individuals. The population in the EU27 is estimated at 15,800,000-23,300,000 pairs, which equates to 32,000,000-47,500,000 mature individuals. For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF.
TrendIn Europe and the EU27 the population size is estimated to be decreasing by less than 25% in 33.6 years (three generations). For details of national estimates, see Supplementary PDF.
Habitats and EcologyThe species inhabits a wide range of habitats from arid steppe, desert, temperate, Mediterranean and boreal zones. It breeds between March and June. In the U.K. it breeds mid-May to late July and a week earlier and later in Switzerland and Fenno-Scandia respectively. It typically lays one to four eggs. It nests mainly in buildings, but in remote parts of the range it also uses tree hollows and rock crevices. The nest cup is constructed of small pieces of vegetable matter and feathers, agglutinated with saliva. It feeds on insects and spiders. It is a long-distance migrant wintering in Africa mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania south to Zimbabwe and Mozambique, it is present on the African wintering grounds from September (Chantler and Boesman 2013).
Habitats & AltitudeHabitat (level 1 - level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land suitable breedingArtificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas major breedingForest - Temperate major breedingGrassland - Temperate suitable breedingRocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) major breedingShrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation suitable breedingWetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over ha) suitable breedingWetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under ha) suitable breedingWetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes (over ha) suitable breedingWetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under ha) suitable breedingAltitude max. 3300 m Occasional altitudinal limits
ThreatsAlthough widespread, the species is thought to be in decline due to the loss of nest sites through building renovation, re-roofing or demolition (Mayer 2008).Threats & Impacts
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and StressesResidential & commercial development
Housing & urban areas
Timing Scope Severity ImpactOngoing Minority (<50%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact
StressesEcosystem conversion; Reduced reproductive success
ConservationConservation Actions UnderwayThe species is listed as 'amber' on both the U.K. and Irish national Red Lists (Lynas et al. 2007, Eaton et al. 2009).
Conservation Actions ProposedThe species should be considered when repairing or replacing roofs, ensuring that holes and eaves that it uses for nesting are maintained and work does not take place during the breeding season (Mayer 2008). Nest boxes or nest bricks should be incorporated into new buildings or added to existing ones (RSPB 2012).
BibliographyChantler, P. and Boesman, P. 2013. Common Swift (Apus apus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. and de Juana, E. (eds.) 2013. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/55328 on 23 December 2014).Eaton, M.A., Brown, A.F., Noble, D.G., Musgrove, A.J., Hearn, R.D., Aebischer, N.J., Gibbons, D.W., Evans, A., and Gregory, R.D. 2009. Birds of conservation concern 3. British Birds 102: 296-341.Lynas, P., Newton, S.F. & Robinson, J.A. 2007. The status of birds in Ireland: an analysis of conservation concern 2008–2013. Irish Birds 8(2): 149–166.Mayer, E. 2008. Roof repairs and re-roofing with swifts. Swift Conservation.RSPB, 2012. Norfolk Biodiversity Action Plan – Swift (Apus apus). Norfolk Biodiversity Partnership.
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