Application of the distributed runoff model to the Incheon catchment

GREEN TEAMKakuta Fujiwara (Kyoto University)Lian Guey Ler (National University of Singapore)Jong Ok Seo (University of Incheon)Sang Uk Cho (University of Incheon)

Introduction

Introduction

Name: Kakuta Fujiwara (Leader)

Nationality: Japan

University: Kyoto University

Grade: The first grade

in the master’s course

Major: Civil Engineering

Scope of Study: Biological modeling

of a food chain in a river

Introduction

Name: Seo-Jong Ok

Nationality: Korea

University: Natinal University

of Incheon

Major: Civil and Environment Hydraulics

Scope of Study: Flows of Floval sediment

Introduction

Name: Cho-Sang Uk

Nationality: Korea

University:

National University of Incheon

Major: Civil and Environment Hydraulics

Scope of Study: Flood dister management

Introduction

Name: Ler Lian Guey

Nationality: Singaporean

University: National University

of Singapore

Major: Civil Engineering

Scope of Study: Water

Hydraulics

Progress of green team project

Preparing data

Composing DEM

Simulate the study area

Get a meeting

Japan

Korea Singapore

Preparing data

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Digital Elevation Map (DEM)

Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)

Digital Elevation Map (DEM)

TIN File

DEM

ASCII

Digital Elevation Map (DEM)

Purpose of DEM Essential piece of information in

determining the flow directionA

B’B

A’

A’A

B

B’

Runoff calculations

Black boxUnit hydrographTime sequence

Physical-based modelLumped model

• Storage function, Tank model

Distributed parameter model• Kinematic wave, etc.

waste water

surface runoff

precipitation

infiltration

evapo-transpiration

recovery flow

River flow

groundwater runoff

surface

A layer

B layer

C layer

D layer

river

The distributed runoff model (Basic constitution)

watershed schematization precipitation – evapotranspiration, runoff water temperature

1km1km

1km1km

River

Surface

Ａ layerB layer

D layer

SurfacSurface flowe flow

Kinematic wave model

Linear storage model

HorizontaHorizontal outletl outlet

Vertical Vertical outletoutlet

River River flowflow

C layer

Runoff in Hydro-BEAM

Kinematic wave model

),( xtrx

q

t

A

A is cross-sectional flow area [m2], q is discharge [m3/s], t is time [s], x is longitudinal distance along a channel or surface [m], and r is lateral inflow per unit length of flow [m3/m.s]

fe SSx

h

x

v

g

v

t

v

g

1Energy equation Continuous equation

Saint-Venant equations

fe SS 0 ),( xtrx

q

t

A

mq h

Kinematic wave

35m

ni n is equivalent roughness coefficient i is slope

Energy equation Continuous equation

Manning low

Linear Storage Model

OIdt

dS

SkkO )( 21

where S is storage amount [m] I is inflow [ms-1] O is outflow [ms-1] k1 , k2 is outlet coefficient.

Channel network

1

1

2

Four directions

Gradient

Gradient

Eight directions

Gradient

21,max

Sink

Mountain

UrbanPaddy field

Drainage channelIrrigation channel

Modeling of mesh

Evapotranspiration

Heat balance Input radiation ； Bulk formula ; 　 Laterant heat ;

lEHSTIR 4

LRSRrefIR )1(

)( TTUCCHS sHp

)( hsE qqUCllE

Thornthwaite

ai HTDEp )/10(553.0 0

12

1

514.1)5/(i

iTH

623 10)492390179202.77675.0( HHHa

Flowchart

Result

Flow direction Rainfall dataEvapotranspiration data Landuse data

The catchment dataDEM

Target area

A

B

C

Catchment

a

b cos

: ( )

: ( )

: ( )

a R

b R

R radius m

longitude rad

latitude rad

φ

φCentral point

DEM and target area

m

Flow Direction

Rainfall data

Rainfall 2005

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1 21 41 61 81 101 121 141 161 181 201 221 241 261 281 301 321 341 361

Time

0.1

mm

Rainfall 2004

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 21 41 61 81 101 121 141 161 181 201 221 241 261 281 301 321 341 361

Time

0.1

mm

Rainfall in 2004

Rainfall in 2005

(mm)

(mm)

Evapotranspiration data

Temperature 2004

- 5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time

degre

e

Temperature 2005

- 10

- 5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time

Degre

e

Evapotanspiration 2004

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time (month)

mm

Evapotranspiration 2005

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Time (month)

mm

Thornthwaite method

LanduseIncheon is located in urban area.

Meshes covered with urban landuse.

Result 1

point M

0

50

100

150

1 2259 4517 6775 9033 11291 13549 15807

Time (hour)

wat

er q

uant

ity(m

3/se

c)

point N

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

1 2226 4451 6676 8901 11126 13351 15576

time (hour)

wat

er q

uant

ity(m

3/se

c)

2004 　　　　　　　　 2005　

point O

0

20

40

60

80

1 2207 4413 6619 8825 11031 13237 15443

time (hour)

wat

er q

uant

ity(m

3/se

c)

2004 　　　　　　　　 2005　

2004 　　　　　　　　 2005　

C

A

B

A

Point C

Point B

Point A

Result 2

Conclusion

We applied the distributed runoff model to the Incheonkyo catchment.

In this project, members living in different countries cooperated with each other using internet.

Basically, Hydro-BEAM is designed to be applied for open channels, so we considered the other way, too.

Suggestion

Change the roughness

Default Smooth concrete 0.0118

Normal concrete 0.0140

Rough concrete 0.0147

Plastic 0.0125

Iron 0.0143

Ceramics 0.0143

Stone 0.0125

After changeSmooth concrete 0.0147

Normal concrete 0.0147

Rough concrete 0.0147

Plastic 0.0125

Iron 0.0143

Ceramics 0.0143

Stone 0.0125

Incheon catchment’sPipe network

Change the roughness coefficient

before after

OccureFlood

A cite

Change the roughness coefficient

before after

Further Study

Checking the information of old

pipe line and change of roughness

coefficient

Analyze Hydrobeam

Checking the flood area when

roughness coefficient is changed

E N D

Thank you~