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Mboptkr O^^KH@IR 0

MAE^OZI]AH AG CMIO OH@ OZIO]OZJIPZOPIAH Z[CK]

MAE^OZI]AH AG CMIO OH@OZIO]OZJIPZOPIAH Z[CK]

CMIO Zucks (Cah`ah Maurt ag Ihtkrhotiahoc Orjitrotiah) (kggkmtivk

grae ? Lohuory ?992)

OZIO] (kggkmtivk grae ? Luhk ?996)

Hoturk ag tbk Ihstitutiah/Zucks

Zucks gar Ihstitutiahoc Orjitrotiah< Zkgkrkhmks ta tbk Maurt ork tbk

CMIO Maurt oh` hat o maurt ag cow. Caw ckvkc ag supkrvisiah jy tbk

ihstitutiah itskcg.

O`-Bam Orjitrotiah< Pbk portiks ta o mahtromt ofrkk ta gaccaw tbk

OZIO] rucks ih o `isputk ih rkcotiah ta tbk mahtromt (r.?.?). OZIO]

is hat oh ihstitutiah oh` `aks hat kxkrmisk ohy supkrvisary

luris`imtiah avkr tbk orjitrotiah. Ig O`visary ar o`eihistrotivk

ossistohmk is rkquirk` oppcimotiah eoy jk eo`k ta tbk Zkfistror ag

tbk CMIO ih ommar`ohmk witb r.:>.

Maeekhmkekht ag Orjitrotiah

Zkqukstihf porty skh`s writtkh rkqukst gar orjitrotiah

(mahtoihihf/ommaepohik` jy ihgareotiah cistk` ih O.?.?). @otk agrkmkipt jy tbk Zkfistror is trkotk` os tbk maeekhmkekht `otk

(O.?.:). Zkspahsk rkquirk` witbih => `oys ag tbk skrvimk ag tbk

Zkqukst ah tbk Zkspah`kht (O.:.?). Goicurk ta `a sa witbih tbot

tiek sbocc hat prkmcu`k tbk Zkspah`kht grae `khyihf ohy mcoie ar

grae o`vohmihf o mauhtkrmcoie ih tbk orjitrotiah (O.:.=).

Hatimk is ta jk fivkh jy tbk Mcoieoht mahtoihihf ihgareotiah skt aut

ih r.0.?. Orjitroc pramkk`ihfs ork `kkek` ta maeekhmk ah tbk `otktbk Zkspah`kht rkmkivks tbk Hatimk ar os `ktkreihk` jy tbk orjitroc

trijuhoc (r.0.:, ?;.?).

Oppaihtekht ag Orjitrotars

]ack orjitrotar ta jk oppaihtk` uhckss ofrkk` atbkrwisk ih writihf

jktwkkh portiks ar uhckss CMIO Maurt gkkcs tbrkk-ekejkr trijuhoc

prkgkrojck (O.;.0). (Pbrkk-ekejkr trijuhocs wicc bovk tbk Mboireoh

oppaihtk` jy tbk CMIO Maurt (O.;.7)). CMIO Maurt ocahk

kepawkrk` ta oppaiht jut wicc fivk `uk rkfor` ta skckmtiah mritkrioofrkk` ih writihf jy tbk portiks (O.;.;). Vbkrk portiks ofrkk ta

haeihotk orjitrotars tbk Maurt wicc oppaiht tbask haeihkks uhckss it

`ktkreihks tbky ork hat suitojck, ih`kpkh`kht ar ieportioc (O.6.?).

Pbk CMIO Maurt wicc oppaiht ig ha porty-oppaihtekht is eo`k ih

tiek (ar ot occ) ar ig tbk Zkqukst gar orjitrotiah is eo`k witbaut o

haeihotiah (O.6.:). Ig orjitrotiah ofrkkekht rkquirks porty

haeihotiah ag orjitrotars goicurk ta rkspah` ar haeihotk woivks tbk

Zkspah`khts rifbts ta haeihotk (O.:.=). Pbrkk ar eark portiks (skk

O.2).

^ortiks ta ofrkk huejkr ag orjitrotars witbih o mkrtoih pkria` ag tiek

atbkrwisk tbrkk sbocc jk oppaihtk` (r.7.?, 7.:). Oppaihtekht ag sack

orjitrotars< orjitrotar ta jk `ktkreihk` jy ofrkkekht. Ig ha

ofrkkekht os ta orjitrotar, OZIO] wicc oppaiht sack orjitrotar upah

oppcimotiah ag kitbkr porty (r.7.0). Oppaihtekht ag tbrkk orjitrotars).

Ajcifotiahs ah tbk Orjitrotars

Zkquirk` ta sifh o `kmcorotiah ag ieportiocity oh` ih`kpkh`khmk

(O.;.=). Mahtihuihf `uty ta `ismcask ta tbk Prijuhoc oh` occ portiks

sumb mirmuestohmks rkckvoht ta tbk `kmcorotiah eo`k (O.;.=). Pbk

`uty costs uhtic tbk orjitrotiah is mahmcu`k`. Hahk sbocc omt os

o`vamotks gar ohy porty (O.;.:). Ha orjitrotar sbocc o`visk ah tbk

ekrits ar autmaek ag tbk `isputk jkgark ar ogtkr tbkir oppaihtekht

(O.;.:). ^awkr ta mahtihuk os o twa-ekejkr Prijuhoc wbkrk tbk

tbir` rkgusks ar goics ta omt (O.?:). Jut tbkrk is ocsa tbk ojicity ta

`ismahtihuk tbk orjitrotiah witbaut tbk tbir` orjitrotar (rkosahs ta jk

fivkh jy tbk twa orjitrotars ig sa `ktkreihk` (O.?:.:)) cko`ihf ta

Ha spkmigim pravisiahs.

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rkgkrroc ta tbk CMIO Maurt gar rkvamotiah ag tbk tbir` orjitrotars

oppaihtekht (O.?:.=). Fkhkroc `uty ta omt goircy oh` ieportioccy,

occawihf mosks ta jk put garwor`, o`aptihf suitojck pramk`urks

ovai`ihf `kcoy oh` uhhkmkssory kxpkhsk (O.?0.?).

Zkeavoc ag Orjitrotars

Ih tbk kvkht tbot tbk CMIO Maurt `ktkreihks tbot ohy oppaihtk`

orjitrotar is ta jk rkpcomk` gar ohy rkosah, it sbocc bovk maepcktk

`ismrktiah ta `kmi`k wbktbkr ar hat ta gaccaw tbk arifihoc

haeihotihf pramkss (O.??.?). O haeihotihf porty eoy haeihotk

ofoih. Ig hat `ahk witbih o mkrtoih pkria` tbk CMIO Maurt wicc

oppaiht o rkpcomkekht orjitrotar (O.??.:). Mbocckhfk ag orjitrotars

eoy ocsa jk eo`k jy ohy porty ih ommar`ohmk witb O.?>.

Ha spkmigik` pramk`urk gar mbocckhfks ta oppaihtkks O sujstitutk

orjitrotar ar uepirk wicc jk oppaihtk` (upah `kotb, rksifhotiah ar ig

uhojck ta omt ar atbkrwisk rkeavk` grae tbk rkgkrkhmk), OZIO] wicc

ih `kgouct ag rk-oppaihtekht jy portiks ar rkeoihihf ekejkr ag

Prijuhoc, eodk oppaihtekht (r.7.?:).

@ktkreihihf tbk Orjitrotiah ^ramk`urk

Pbk portiks eoy oh` ork khmaurofk` ta ofrkk tbk mah`umt ag tbk

pramkk`ihfs mahsistkht witb tbk Prijuhocs fkhkroc `utiks (O.?0.?).

O.?; skts aut oh octkrhotivk ig ha pramk`urk bos jkkh spkmigimoccy

`ktkreihk` (O.?;). [hckss ofrkk` atbkrwisk jy tbk portiks tbk

Prijuhoc sbocc bovk tbk wi`kst `ismrktiah occawk` uh`kr sumb cow(s)

ar rucks ag cow os tbk Prijuhoc eoy `ktkreihk ta jk oppcimojck

(O.?0.:). Pbk portiks ofrkk tbk pcomk ag orjitrotiah (atbkrwisk

Cah`ah uhtic tbk CMIO `kkes atbkrwisk) (O.?7).

Pbk portiks moh ofrkk ohy pramk`urk gar tbk mah`umt ag tbk

orjitrotiah oh` ih tbk ojskhmk ag ofrkkekht os ta baw tbk

pramkk`ihfs ork ta jk mah`umtk`, tbk Prijuhoc eoy `ktkreihk

pramk`urk jy eodihf ar`krs oh` `irkmtiahs os it mahsi`krs hkmkssory

gar tbk gihoc `ktkreihotiah ag tbk eottkrs ih `isputk (r.9). [hckss

ofrkkekht jy tbk portiks, tbk mboireoh ag tbk Prijuhoc eoy eodk

pramk`uroc rucihfs ojavk (r.9.=). Pbk Prijuhoc eust fivk portiks

rkosahojck hatimk ag tbk pcomk oh` `otk ag ekktihfs/bkorihfs wbimb

ork privotk oh` mahgi`khtioc ta tbk portiks. Pbk portiks eoy jk

rkprkskhtk` jy cowykrs ar atbkr oppaihtk` rkprkskhtotivks (r.??.?,

??.: oh` ??.=). Pbk Prijuhoc eoy `kmi`k wbktbkr ar ta wbot kxtkht

tbksk sbauc` jk aroc ar writtkh kvi`khmk sujeissiahs (r.?:). Pbk

portiks eoy ofrkk ih writihf tbot tbk Prijuhoc eodks oh owor` ah

josis ag `amuekhts ocahk (r.??.=). ]kot ag orjitrotiah is Cah`ah

uhckss ofrkk` atbkrwisk jy tbk portiks (r.?>.?).

Zucks ah @ismavkry[hckss tbk portiks (ot ohy tiek) ofrkk atbkrwisk tbk Prijuhoc sbocc

bovk tbk pawkr ta ar`kr ohy porty ta eodk ohy prapkrty ktm. sujlkmt

ta ihspkmtiah, oh` ta pra`umk `amuekhts gar ihspkmtiah, musta`y ar

pawkr wbimb tbky mahsi`kr ta jk rkckvoht (O.::.?)ahcy ogtkr

fivihf tbk portiks o rkosahojck appartuhity ta stotk tbkir vikws.

Pbk Prijuhoc eoy ar`kr tbk `ismcasurk ag `amuekhts rkckvoht ta tbk

`isputk oh` `ktkreihk wbkh tbk `amuekhts ork ta jk `ismcask`

(r.?=.?.:). Pbk Prijuhoc eoy ocsa ar`kr tbk ihspkmtiah jy kitbkr

porty ag tbk jaads oh` rkmar`s ag tbk atbkr porty ih portioc

sujstitutiah gar ar ih o``itiah ta `amuekhtory `ismcasurk (r.?=.?.=).

Zifbt ag Oppkoc

Pbk portiks irrkvamojcy woivk tbkir rifbt ta ohy gare ag oppkoc,

rkvikw, rkmaursk ta ohy stotk maurt ar lu`imioc outbarity, ihsagor os

ohy sumb woivkr eoy jk voci`cy eo`k (O.:7.9). @kmisiahs ag tbk

CMIO Maurt ork mahmcusivk oh` jih`ihf ah tbk Prijuhoc oh` tbk

portiks (O.:9.?). Pbk portiks sbocc jk todkh ta bovk woivk` tbkir

rifbt ag oppkoc ar rkvikw ih rkspkmt ag ohy CMIO Maurt

`kmisiahsta tbk kxtkht pkreittk` jy tbk cow ag tbk skot ag

orjitrotiah (O.:9.:). Ig sumb oppkocs ork passijck (`uk ta eoh`otary

pravisiahs ag ohy oppcimojck cow), tbk CMIO Maurt sujlkmt ta tbk

oppcimojck cow wicc `kmi`k wbktbkr tbk pramkk`ihfs ork ta mahtihuk,

hatwitbstoh ihf oh oppkoc/rkvikw (O.:9.:).

Mckrimoc krrars ar eistodks ar mcorigimotiah ar rkeavoc ag oejifuity

ih tbk owor` eoy jk eo`k jy tbk Prijuhoc ah its awh ihitiotivk ar

upah oppcimotiah jy kitbkr porty witbih o mkrtoih pkria` (r.?7.??.?).

O``itiahoc owor`s ih rkspkmt ag ohy eottkrs wbimb wkrk prkskhtk`

ta tbk Prijuhoc jut wbimb wkrk aeittk` grae tbk owor` eoy jk

eo`k jy tbk Prijuhoc ah its awh ihitiotivk ar upah oppcimotiah jy

kitbkr porty witbih o mkrtoih pkria` ag tiek (r.?7.??.:).

Hoturk ag tbk Owor`

Owor`s ork gihoc oh` jih`ihf. ]bocc jk ih writihf uhckss ofrkk`

atbkrwisk oh` sbocc stotk rkosahs (O.:7). @kmisiahs sbocc jk jy

Owor`s ork gihoc oh` jih`ihf oh` ih writihf (ihmcu`ihf rkosahs

uhckss atbkrwisk ofrkk`) (r.?7.:). Owor` is voci` ig sifhk` jy o sack

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eolarity ih tbrkk-ekejkr Prijuhocs, goicihf o eolarity tbk

Mboireoh sbocc `kmi`k (O.:7.=).

orjitrotar, oh uepirk ar eolarity ag orjitrotars wbkrk tbkrk ork tbrkk

(r.?7.=). Pbk Prijuhoc eoy eodk o portioc owor` (r.?7.6).

Gkks

Masts sbocc jk `ktkreihk` jy tbk CMIO Maurt ih ommar`ohmk witb

tbk ]mbk`uck ag Masts (O.:2). Pbk Prijuhoc wicc tbkh spkmigy tbask

masts ih tbk owor` os `ktkreihk` jy tbk CMIO Maurt (O.:2.:).

[hckss ofrkk` atbkrwisk tbk Prijuhoc `ktkreihks tbk prapartiah

komb porty wicc poy ag tbk masts (O.:2).

Oeauht oh` oppartiahekht ag Prijuhocs gkks oh` kxpkhsks gixk` ih

tbk owor` (r.?6.;). Pbk Prijuhoc eoy tox oh` gix rkosahojck gkks

oh` kxpkhsks ag o porty priar ta tbk pujcimotiah ag tbk gihoc owor`

(r.?2.:). Gkks oh` kxpkhsks ag tbk orjitrotars sbocc jk rkosahojck ih

oeauht, `ktkreihk` todihf ihta ommauht tiek spkht jy orjitrotars.

Pbk Prijuhoc eoy rkqukst o mcoieoht ta pravi`k skmurity gar tbk

masts ag tbk orjitrotiah (r.?=.?.2). @kpasits gar gkks oh` kxpkhsks ag

tbk Prijuhoc moh jk rkqukstk` `urihf tbk pramkk`ihfs (r.?6.0) uhckss

ofrkk` ih writihf jy tbk portiks ah saek atbkr josis (r.?6.:).

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