“Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is...

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“Ring of Fire” TLUD Norman Baker and Paul Taylor Jan, 2017

Transcript of “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is...

Page 1: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

“RingofFire”TLUDNormanBakerandPaulTaylor

Jan,2017

Page 2: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

“RingofFire”TLUDMadScientistsatWork!!!

Actuallyjusthavingalotoffun!!!

Apologies toKelpieWilson andScottMcKain – TheyhadalreadycreatedaRingofFireFlameCapKiln.http://www.backyardbiochar.net/

Page 3: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

SidebySideComparisonsforImprovements

JollyRogerTLUDVersions6,7and8.

Noticeincrementalimprovements.

Primarygoalhereistocreatequalitybiocharforsoilincorporation.Notacookingdevice.

Page 4: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

ConstructionHeavydutybarrelswithbottomremovedforfeedstockbarrel.

Savethelidforuselater.

Page 5: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

PrimaryAirFeed– firstpart.Cappedonleftend.Airholesinbothsides.Primaryairfeedholesand,

ontheright,airtightrubberstoppers.Weldintoplaceinbarrel

mustbeairtight!

Weldedcap

Rowofholesoneachside

Primaryairholes

Mirror toseeholes

Page 6: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

PrimaryAirFeedGrate– secondpart.Topismarkedwithagrid,1/2”holesdrilledon2“centers.Bottomhasfourfeettoholditabovetheprimaryairfeedtube.

Handle– 3/8”bolt 4“Support legs

Page 7: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

PrimaryAirTubeCapandGasket

AirtightGasket- simplyashortlengthofwoodstovedoorgasketmaterial

PrimaryAirIntakeHolesw/RubberStopperstoRegulateAmountofPrimaryAir

Page 8: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Buildingtheturbulator

Turbulatormadefromanother55gallonbarrellid,33cmcircledrawnincenter,16finscutandtwistedto45degrees.

Tworingsofsteel10cmhigharetackweldedtothetopandbottomoftheturbulator - coincidentwiththe33cmcircleorBluffBodyinthecenter.

Page 9: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Combuster – gapand slotsforsecondaryair.Thisdesignforcesallpyrogases togothroughflameforcompletecombustion.

3mmGap

Firstrowof16slots

Secondrowof16slots

DiagonalslotsHandle

Turbulator

SuspensionBar- rebar

Bluffbodyandtwocollars(aboveandbelow)directpyrogases toouter

perimeterofTLUD.

FeedstockBarrel

Page 10: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

GapforsecondaryairbetweentheCombuster andFeedstockbarrel.

Combuster

FeedstockBarrel

Largebolttovarywidthofgapforsecondaryairmeasurements.3– 4mmisaboutrightforthe55gallonTLUD.

NoSyn-Oilorpyrogases aregoingtoescapethefeedstockbarrelwithoutgoingthroughflamesandO2andturbulence.

Combustioniscleanandhopefullycomplete!

Page 11: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

MakingBiochar

FeedstockBarrelfullofwetwoodchips.Ifwetwoodchipsarepyrolyzed theresultis;

a.enormousamountsofsmoke

b.atmosphericpollutants

c.depressedtemperatureintheTLUDleadingtomorepollution.

Donotattempttomakebiocharwithwetwood!

Page 12: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Dryingthewetwoodchips.Feedstockbarrelfilledwithwetwoodchips.

Onprimaryairtube,addasheetmetalplenumanda1kWcarpetdryer.

Sheetmetalplenum OnekWCarpetDryer

Page 13: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Shroudedfantodrawairupthruwoodchips.Plugthefanandcarpetdryerintoanelectricaltimer.

ShroudedFan SpringwoundTimertoturnoffthefananddryer

Page 14: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Waterheaterblanket– R10(withalittlequilting frommywife,Peggy).

Heatandforcedairfromthecarpetdryerandsuctionfromtheshroudedfanwilldrythewoodchipsinafewhours.

Putthefanandcarpetdryeronatimertoturnoffautomatically.

At16cents/Kw,itcostslessthanadollarortwotodrythefeedstock.

10%MCisacceptablebutevendriermeansaquickerburnandwithlesspollutants.

Wecangofrom45%MoistureContentto10%infivehoursandto1-2%in8hours(at60F.).

Page 15: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Afterthechipsaredry;a.removetheblanket,b.removethefan,c.removethecarpetdryer,d.removetheplenum.

Page 16: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Lightthefire,removestoppersandreplaceairtightcap.

Primaryairregulatorhasnowbeenredesignedtobemuchsimplerandmoreintuitive.

Page 17: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Startofpyrolysis- ClickforVideo.

Nosparksandnosmoke!

Page 18: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

LaminarFlamesatsecondaryairgapbetweenthefeedstockbarrelandcombuster.

Nopyrogas canexitthefeedstockbarrelwithoutgoingthroughflames,anoxygensupplyandconsiderableturbulence!

(ClickforVideo).

Page 19: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Aspyrolysisnearscompletion,youwillseetheflamesdiedownandsuddenlygoout.

Usedouble layerofwetcarpetingtocoolthedrumandbiochar.Doublelayerofsoakedcarpetingworksbest.

Page 20: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Whenpyrolysisiscomplete,putonalidwithclamps.Letitcoolandwalkaway!

But!Ifthereisa1/8”airleaksomeplace,thebiocharwillcombustandthecarpetistoastandthebiocharbecomesash!

WoodstovedoorGasket

Page 21: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

ThisisaRingofFireTLUD!

Runningalittlehot!!!

RegulatethePrimaryAirflowbyaddingorremovingRubberstoppers

Page 22: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Andyoucancookonit!!!

Lidand24”Stackcontainflamessomewhat.Heatshieldincreasesthesecondaryairtemperatureabout200degreesCentigraderesultingincleanercombustion.

Page 23: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

ThisRingOfFireTLUD accomplishesseveralthings.

First,itcreatesaqualityhightemperaturebiocharforsoilincorporation.

Second,constructionisstraightforwardandrelativelyinexpensive- lessthan$250forbasicnewmaterials.Ifyoubuyatmyfavoriteindustrialsuppliers(RecycleShops),itischeaper.Anygooddo-it-yourselfhomeownerworkshopismorethanadequateforconstructionespeciallyifyoucandosomewire-feedwelding.

Third,ithasagoodyieldofcloseto30%- - morethanaJollyRogerTLUD.ThereislessalsoashwithalowerpH.

Fourth,thefeedstockbarrelisusedtobothdryandpyrolyzethewoodchipsmakingtheTLUDmoreergonomicandmuchmorelaborefficient.

Fifth,operationoftheRingofFireTLUDisconsiderablysaferthantryingtomanhandleaheavy350degreeCentigrade55gallondrumdumpingandquenchinghotbiochar.

Reallyimportant!JollyRogerTLUDsneedtobedumpedandthebiocharneedstobequenched.

Sixth,thisisnota20%primaryairJollyRogerTLUD.Actualmeasurementsandcalculationsoftheamountofprimaryairshowitaccomplishesacleanefficientburnwith6- 11%primaryair- whichmustberegulated.

Seventh,thereisvirtuallynosmokeandnosparks(fireflies)leavingtheTLUD.

Page 24: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Eigth,intheworldofopencombustion,TLUD’sburnverycleanlythroughintermediatepyrolysis.Inthescientificliterature,TLUD’saredefinedstrictlyas“packedbedcombustors”.TheTLUDisfilledwithchipsandcombustedinplace.

However,inactualfunction,accordingto(Basu,P.(2006).Combustionandgasificationinfluidizedbeds.CRC),TLUD’smorecloselyresemblefluidizedbedcombustorswhereairandatmosphericnitrogenisthe“fluid”,usedtocarrytheoxygentopyrolyzethewoodchips.

Fluidizedbedcombustorshaveauniquecharacteristicinthattheycanbecomeextremelyhot.Wehavemeasuredtemperaturesashighas870°Cinthecombuster!

Metalinthecombuster startstosoften. Tempsdonotneedtobethishigh!Regulatetheprimaryairupanddowncarefullysotheflamesdonotreachoverthetop!

TLUD’sapparentlyareclosetoasimplefluidizedbedcombustor.

Page 25: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

RingofFire– Makingbiocharandrunningproperly.

(Clicktoshowvideo).

Page 26: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Carbon Monoxide and Particulate Matter Emissions From Cookstoves(Measured by the Standard 5-liter Water Boiling Test.)

Amended from Paul Anderson, PhD “DrTLUD”. 2012. The Future of Micro-gasifier Stoves: Meeting the Goals of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves

EPArecommendedsafelevels

TLUDs saving biochar haveextremely low emissions.

TLUD burning biocharr

TLUD saving biochar

Charcoal Stoves(Weber Grill)

Charcoal stoves emit 110-135g of COand 250-590mg of PM

CarbonMonoxide

ParticulateMatter

Threestone fire(CampFire)

SimpleImprovedCookstoves

EPA

RocketStoves

Kon-Tiki

Kon-Tikii

Page 27: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

AlmostallformsofDemocratizedBiocharkilnshavesmokeproblems.Especiallyifthewoodiswet!Democratizedmeanscheap,easyandD-I-Y.

PitCharcoalMaker

WigwamCharcoalMaker JollyRogerTLUD Estufa Finca TLUDJapaneseConeKiln

AmmoCaninWoodstove

CharcoalMakerforForge ConservationBurn CarbonCultureTentAdamRetort

Page 28: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

Carbon Monoxide and Particulate Matter Emissions From Cookstoves(Measured by the Standard 5-liter Water Boiling Test.)

Amended from Paul Anderson, PhD “DrTLUD”. 2012. The Future of Micro-gasifier Stoves: Meeting the Goals of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves

EPArecommendedsafelevels

TLUDs saving biochar haveextremely low emissions.

TLUD burning biochar

TLUD saving biochar

Stoves(Weber Grill)

Charcoal stoves emit 110-135g of COand 250-590mg of PM

CO

ParticulateMatter

Threestone fire(CampFire)

SimpleImprovedCookstoves

EPA

RocketStoves

Kon-Tiki

Kon-Tiki

110120130140 Woodfiresmoke- COandParticulates

9500ppm

Page 29: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

WindowintoPyrolysis– actuallyit’saPyrexBakingDishObservations– fascinatingtowatch;

a. Pyrolysisfrontdoesnotprogressuniformly.

b. Iffeedstockis notreasonablyuniforminparticlesize,verylarge“channeling”willdevelop.Shakethefeedstockbarreltogetthefeedstocktosettledensely.

c. Smallparticlespyrolyzefirstandfalldownbetweenthelargerparticlescreatingmanysmallchannels– almosta“dendritic”pyrolysisfrontmuchlikegrassrootspenetratingsoil.

d. Movementofthepyrogaseswasneveruniform.Expectedreasonablyuniformupwardmigration.Pyrogasesmovedanynumberofdifferentdirections.

e. Tarsquicklyoccludethewindow.FollowedbyH2Odropsanddrippingtar.

f. Eventuallythepyrolysismovesdownpastthewindow.Frontabout10cmdeep.Dendriticfingerswereabout20cmdeep.Veryconsistent.

8”X11”PyrexBakingDish

TemperedGlasswindow

Page 30: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and
Page 31: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and
Page 32: “Ring of Fire” TLUD - ETHOSethoscon.com/pdf/ETHOS/ETHOS2017/BakerandTaylor1.pdf · There is less also ash with a lower pH. Fourth, the feedstock barrel is used to both dry and

SummaryofToxicChemicalAgentsIdentifiedinWoodsmoke

LukeP.Naeher,etal.2005.CRITICALREVIEWOFTHEHEALTHEFFECTSOFWOODSMOKE.http://burningissues.org/car-www/pdfs/HC%20woodsmoke%20report11B426.pdf

Total242++++++++++ Only26ofwhichlistedashazardousbytheEPA.


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