Antimicrobial Resistance and You Donna Riddle, BSMT (ASCP) Epidemiologist Executive Director,...
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Transcript of Antimicrobial Resistance and You Donna Riddle, BSMT (ASCP) Epidemiologist Executive Director,...
Antimicrobial Resistance and You
Donna Riddle, BSMT (ASCP)
Epidemiologist
Executive Director, Nevadans for Antibiotic Awareness
Clark County Health District(702) 383-1378
• The Genesis of Resistance
• Nevadans for Antibiotic Awareness (NAA)
• Action Items for You– At Work– At Home– In Your Community
The Gram Stain
• Gram Positive
• Gram Negative
1928: A Mold Changes Medicine
• Dr. Fleming’s discovery
• Penicillin inhibits bacterial enzymes necessary for cell wall production
• Mass production proves difficult
1944
• Military takes penicillin to the battlefield
1945
• Scientists Isolate Resistance
The Next 50 Years
• 1950’s By prescription only
• 1960 Methicillin introduced• 1961 Methicillin resistance• 2001 62 % of S. aureus resistant
• 2000 Linezolid introduced• 2001 Linezolid resistance
How is Sensitivity or Resistance Determined?
Disc diffusion:
Zones of no growth around antibiotic
Factors of Resistance
• Prevalence of resistance genes
• Extent of Antibiotic use
Staphylococcus aureus
• If S. aureus is resistant to methicillin, it is commonly resistant to cephalosporins and imipenem
• Antibiotic of choice: vancomycin
• VISA also known as GISA
Antibiotic Resistant Infections Cause:
• Prolonged hospital stays
• Fewer therapeutic options
• Greater costs
Nevadans for Antibiotic Awareness (NAA)
• NAA is a statewide task force of over 30 state and local public and private agencies and companies committed to reducing the spread of antibiotic resistance.
NAA Subcommittees
• Infection Control
• Public Awareness
• Provider Education
• Surveillance
Forming a new subcommittee:
Veterinary and Agriculture
Abbott Laboratories, Inc.
Albertsons
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Carson-Tahoe Hospital
Clark County Health District
CR BARD Medical, Inc.
GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals
Health Plan of Nevada, Inc.
Insurcorp
Integrated Healthcare Services
Magnus Translations
Nevada State Board of Pharmacy
Nevada State Health Division
Orgill/Singer Insurance & Investments
PacifiCare, Inc.
Pfizer Inc.
Pharmacia
RITE AID Corporation
Roche Laboratories
Saint Mary’s Health Network
Sav-on
Sierra Community Healthcare Foundation
Sierra Health Services, Inc.
Southwest Medical Associates, Inc.
Sunrise Hospital & Medical Center
The Valley Health System and Owen Healthcare
Virgen Advertising
Walgreens
Washoe Health System
Wyeth-Ayerst
NAA Accomplishments
• Distributed healthcare guidelines
• Begun provider education
• Distributed materials to childcare centers
• Developed a statewide public education campaign
Efforts/ contributions by members are voluntary.
Action Items for Work
• Provide home care sheet to patients with antibiotic resistant bacteria
• Always note antibiotic resistance on transfer forms
Action Items for Home• Complete full
course of antibiotics
• Don’t demand antibiotics for viral infections
• Wash your hands
Action Items for the Community
• Educate family and friends
• Support H.R. 1771: Antibiotic Resistance Prevention Act
• Buy antibiotic-free meat
The Genesis of Resistance
Nevadans for AntibioticAwareness (NAA)
Action Items for You-At Work-At Home-In Your Community
Questions?