Posterior Triangle Anterior Triangle Mandibl e Median Plane Sternocleidomastoid.
ANTERIOR TRIANGLE It is in front of the Sternomastoid muscle.
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Transcript of ANTERIOR TRIANGLE It is in front of the Sternomastoid muscle.
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ANTERIOR TRIANGLEIt is in front of the Sternomastoid muscle.
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BOUNDARIESAnteriorly : midline of the neck.Posteriorly: anterior border of sternomastoid.Superiorly: lower margin of the body of the mandible.
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BOUNDARIESRoof: skin, superficial fascia (containing platysma) and the Investing layer of deep cervical fascia.
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SUBDIVISIONSThe anterior triangle is subdivided by : The Anterior and Posterior bellies of the Digastric and The Superior belly of Omohyoid into (4) smaller triangles.
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SUBDIVISIONS
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SUBMENTAL TRIANGLEIt lies below the chin.Boundaries :Anteriorly: midline of the neck.Laterally: Anterior belly of Digastric.
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BOUNDARIESInferiorly : body of the hyoid.Floor: Mylohyoid muscle.
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CONTENTSSubmental lymph nodes.They receive lymph from the tip of the tongue.
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MYLOHYOID MUSCLEIt is a flat triangular sheet that supports the floor of the mouth and tongue (forms the main part of the floor of the mouth).Origin : Mylohyoid line of the mandible.
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MYLOHYOIDInsertion: The anterior fibers: Into a Fibrous Raphe. The posterior fibers: Into the body of hyoid bone.
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MYLOHYOIDNerve supply : Nerve to mylohyoid.
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MYLOHYOIDAction :If the mandible is fixed: Elevates the floor of the mouth as in deglutition.If the hyoid bone is fixed: Depresses the mandible and opens the mouth.
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DIGASTRIC TRIANGLEIt lies below the body of the mandible.Boundaries: Anteriorly: Anterior belly of Digastric.Posteriorly: Posterior belly of digastric & Stylohyoid.
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DIGASTRIC TRIANGLESuperiorly: Lower border of the body of the mandible.Floor: Mylohyoid. Hyoglossus.
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CONTENTSA. Anterior part :(1) Submandibular salivary gland.(2) Facial artery (deep to gland).(3) Facial vein (4) Submandibular lymph nodes. The vein and lymph nodes are superficial to the gland.
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CONTENTS(5) Hypoglossal nerve.(6) Nerve and vessels to mylohyoid.
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CONTENTSB. posterior part:1. Carotid sheath and its contents.2. parotid gland (Lower part)
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DIGASTRIC MUSCLEIt has two bellies: Anterior and Posterior. Posterior belly : Arises from the mastoid process. Inserted into the intermediate tendon.Anterior belly attached to the lower border of body of mandible.
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DIGASTRIC MUSCLEInsertion : to theIntermediate Tendon.It pierces the insertion of stylohyoid.It binds to the hyoid bone by a loop of deep fascia.
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NERVE SUPPLYPosterior belly: Facial Nerve Anterior belly: The nerve to Mylohyoid.
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ACTIONDepression of the mandible. ORElevation of the hyoid bone.
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STYLOHYOID MUSCLEOrigin: The styloid process.It runs along the upper border of the posterior belly of digastric.Insertion: Hyoid bone (between body and greater horn).
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STYLOHYOID MUSCLENerve supply :Facial nerve.Action :Elevation of hyoid bone.
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CAROTID TRIANGLEIt is behind the hyoid bone.Boundaries :Superiorly: Posterior belly of Digastric.Inferiorly: Superior belly of Omohyoid.
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BOUNDARIESPosteriorly: Anterior border of sternomastoid.Floor: Thyrohyoid. Hyoglossus.Middle & Inferior constrictors of the pharynx.
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CONTENTS(1) Carotid sheath(2) Hypoglossal nerve and its descending branch.(3) Acessory nerve.
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CONTENTS(4) Internal and External laryngeal nerves.(5) Deep cervical lymph nodes.
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CAROTID SHEATHIt is a condensation of deep cervical fascia.It is attached to the base of the skull superiorly and fuses with the pericardium inferiorly.
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CONTENTS1. Common and internal carotid arteries.2. Internal jugular vein.3. Vagus nerve.4. Deep cervical lymph nodes. They form a chain along the internal jugular vein.
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CAROTID SHEATHIt is crossed byGlossopharyngeal.Hypoglossal.Spinal part of acessory.
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MUSCULAR TRIANGLEIt lies below the hyoid bone.Boundaries: Anteriorly :Midline of the neck.Superiorly: Superior belly of Omohyoid.
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MUSCULAR TRIANGLEInferiorly: Anterior border of SternomastoidFloor: Sternohyoid. Sternothyroid.
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FLOORBeneath the floor lie:Thyroid gland.Larynx.Trachea.Esophagus.
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INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
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ORIGINSternohyoid & Sternothyroid :Posterior surface of the manubrium.Thyrohyoid: Oblique line of thyroid cartilage.
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ORIGINOmohyoid :Inferior belly :Suprascapular ligament and Suprascapular notch.Superior belly:Intermediate tendon.
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INSERTIONSternohyoid & Sternothyroid : Hyoid bone (lower border).Oblique line of thyroid cartilage.Thyrohyoid:Hyoid bone (lower border).
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INSERTIONOmohyoidHyoid bone (lower border).
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NERVE SUPPLYAnsa Cervicalis (C1,2&3) EXCEPTThyrohyoid: (C1) through the hypoglossal nerve.
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ACTION(1) stabilization of the hyoid bone to make a base for the movements of the tongue.(2) Assistance in the movements of the larynx in swallowing.