ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
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Transcript of ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
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ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
•It is in front of the Sternomastoid muscle.
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BOUNDARIES•Anteriorly : midline of
the neck.•Posteriorly: anterior
border of sternomastoid.
•Superiorly: lower margin of the body of the mandible.
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BOUNDARIES•Roof:
•skin, superficial fascia (containing platysma) and the Investing layer of deep cervical fascia.
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SUBDIVISIONS•The anterior triangle
is subdivided by : •The Anterior and
Posterior bellies of the Digastric and
•The Superior belly of Omohyoid into (4) smaller triangles.
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SUBDIVISIONS
SUBMENTAL
SUBMANDIBULARCAROTIDMUSCULAR
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SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE•It lies below the chin.
•Boundaries: •Anteriorly: midline of
the neck.•Laterally: Anterior belly
of Digastric.
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BOUNDARIES•Inferiorly : body
of the hyoid.•Floor:
Mylohyoid muscle.
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CONTENTS•Submental
lymph nodes.•They receive
lymph from the tip of the tongue.
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MYLOHYOID MUSCLE•It is a flat triangular
sheet that supports the floor of the mouth and tongue (forms the main part of the floor of the mouth).
•Origin : •Mylohyoid line of
the mandible.
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MYLOHYOID•Insertion:
•The anterior fibers: Into a Fibrous Raphe .
•The posterior fibers: Into the body of hyoid bone.
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MYLOHYOID•Nerve supply:
•Nerve to mylohyoid.
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MYLOHYOID•Action:
•If the mandible is fixed: Elevates the floor of the mouth as in deglutition.
•If the hyoid bone is fixed: Depresses the mandible and opens the mouth.
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DIGASTRIC TRIANGLE•It lies below the body
of the mandible.•Boundaries:
•Anteriorly: •Anterior belly of
Digastric.•Posteriorly:
•Posterior belly of digastric & Stylohyoid.
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DIGASTRIC TRIANGLE•Superiorly:
•Lower border of the body of the mandible.
•Floor: •Mylohyoid.
Hyoglossus .
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CONTENTS•A. Anterior part: •(1 )Submandibular
salivary gland.•(2 )Facial artery (deep to
gland).•(3 )Facial vein
•(4 )Submandibular lymph nodes.
•The vein and lymph nodes are superficial to the gland.
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CONTENTS•(5 )Hypoglossal
nerve.•(6 )Nerve and
vessels to mylohyoid.
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CONTENTS•B. posterior
part:•1 .Carotid
sheath and its contents.
•2. parotid gland (Lower part)
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DIGASTRIC MUSCLE•It has two bellies :
•Anterior and Posterior .•Posterior belly :
•Arises from the mastoid process .
•Inserted into the intermediate tendon.
•Anterior belly attached to the lower border of body of mandible.
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DIGASTRIC MUSCLE•Insertion : to the
•Intermediate Tendon.
•It pierces the insertion of stylohyoid.
•It binds to the hyoid bone by a loop of deep fascia.
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NERVE SUPPLY•Posterior belly:
Facial Nerve •Anterior belly:
•The nerve to Mylohyoid.
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ACTION
Depression of the mandible .
OR•Elevation of the
hyoid bone.
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STYLOHYOID MUSCLE•Origin:
•The styloid process.•It runs along the upper
border of the posterior belly of digastric.
•Insertion: •Hyoid bone (between
body and greater horn).
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STYLOHYOID MUSCLE•Nerve supply:
•Facial nerve.•Action:
•Elevation of hyoid bone.
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CAROTID TRIANGLE•It is behind the hyoid
bone.•Boundaries:
•Superiorly: •Posterior belly of
Digastric.•Inferiorly:
•Superior belly of Omohyoid.
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BOUNDARIES•Posteriorly:
•Anterior border of sternomastoid.
•Floor: •Thyrohyoid.
Hyoglossus.•Middle & Inferior
constrictors of the pharynx.
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CONTENTS•(1 )Carotid sheath
•(2 )Hypoglossal nerve and its descending branch.
•(3 )Acessory nerve.
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CONTENTS•(4 )Internal and
External laryngeal nerves.
•(5 )Deep cervical lymph nodes.
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CAROTID SHEATH•It is a
condensation of deep cervical fascia.
•It is attached to the base of the skull superiorly and fuses with the pericardium inferiorly.
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CONTENTS•1 .Common and
internal carotid arteries.
•2 .Internal jugular vein.
•3 .Vagus nerve.•4 .Deep cervical
lymph nodes. They form a chain along the internal jugular vein.
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CAROTID SHEATH•It is crossed by•Glossopharynge
al.•Hypoglossal.•Spinal part of
acessory.
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MUSCULAR TRIANGLE•It lies below the hyoid
bone.•Boundaries:
•Anteriorly: •Midline of the neck.
•Superiorly: •Superior belly of
Omohyoid.
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MUSCULAR TRIANGLE•Inferiorly:
•Anterior border of Sternomastoid
•Floor: •Sternohyoid.
Sternothyroid.
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FLOOR•Beneath the floor
lie:•Thyroid gland.
•Larynx.•Trachea.
•Esophagus.
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INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
STERNOHYOID
STERNOTHYROID
THYROHOID OMOHYOID
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ORIGIN•Sternohyoid &
Sternothyroid: •Posterior surface of
the manubrium.•Thyrohyoid:
•Oblique line of thyroid cartilage.
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ORIGIN•Omohyoid:
•Inferior belly: •Suprascapular ligament
and Suprascapular notch.•Superior belly:
•Intermediate tendon.
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INSERTION•Sternohyoid &
Sternothyroid: •Hyoid bone (lower
border).•Oblique line of
thyroid cartilage.•Thyrohyoid:
•Hyoid bone (lower border).
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INSERTION•Omohyoid
•Hyoid bone (lower border).
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NERVE SUPPLY•Ansa Cervicalis
(C1,2&3) •EXCEPT
•Thyrohyoid: •(C1) through the
hypoglossal nerve.
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ACTION•(1 )stabilization of
the hyoid bone to make a base for the movements of the tongue.
•(2 )Assistance in the movements of the larynx in swallowing.