Antennae
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Insect antennae
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Filiform antenna is the most basic type found very common in the insect world. This is typically elongated and composed uniform segments and appear thread-like shape.Example: Ground beetles and cockroaches. (Ground beetles are so called because many species do not fly and lack hind wings).
Filiform Antenna-Thread-like antenna
Solitary bee Assassin Bug
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Aristate Antenna – Pouch like antenna
Latin, Arista = awn
Aristate antennae are pouch-like with a lateral bristle. The last segment of the flagellum is enlarged and bears bristle or arista.Eg. House flies
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CAPITATE ANTENNAE – KNOBBED ANTENNAE
The proximal segments of the flagellum are uniform is size while the segments of the distal end modify into a large knob or capitulum.
Eg. Chalcids, Butterflies, Antlions, Owlflies, etc.
This is another type of club but in this case, the terminal segments are distinctly and abruptly enlarged.
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The segments start off narrow and gradually become wider towards the tip of the flagellum. This may be gradual along its length, or a sudden increase and therefore mainly affecting the last few segments giving the appearance of a club.
Ex: 1. Carrion beetles (adults generally feed on decaying animal matter or on the maggots that feed on carrion) 2. water scavenger beetles (Hydrohilus triangularis)
(Hydrohilus triangularis) Carrion beetles
Clavate antenna – Clubbed antenna
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Geniculate antenna – Elbowed antenna
Clearly, the geniculate antennae have a distinct abrupt bend or elbow part down the length. The first segment (segment that attaches to the head-arrow) is elongated and much longer the remaining segments. Eg. Most ants, weevils and some beetles.
Weevil
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Moniliform antennae – Bead like antenna
Moniliform antennae are the beadlike antennae, look rather like a string of pearls This form of antenna is found in termites and some beetles.
Termite (Pterotermes occidentis)
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Setaceous Antenna-Bristle/whip like antenna
Dragonfly
The antennae are hair-like, tiny and almost invisible to the naked eye. There are many joints. The flagellar segments taper gradually from the base to the tip . i.e., Setaceous antennae have a bristle/whip-like shape.Eg. Dragonflies, Bristletails, Cockroaches, Mayflies, Stoneflies, Caddishflies, Cicadas, etc.
Cicada (Cacama valvata)
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Pectinate Antenna- Comb like antenna
Click Beetle
The segments are longer on one side (uni pectinate) or on both the sides (bipectinate). This gives the appearance of a comb. The lateral extensions are called rami.
Eg. Sawflies, Beetles, Glow-worms, silkmoth (bipectinate), etc.
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Serrate Antenna-Saw-toothed antenna
Firefly with Serrate Antennae
The segments are trianglar with uncentric arrangement either on one side (uniserrate) or on both the sides (biserrate) giving the appearance of a saw edge. Eg.Click beetle, longicorn beetle, firefly, etc.
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Lamellate Antenna-Fan/Leaf like antenna
This is a type of asymmetrically clubbed antennae where the terminal club is composed of several rounded sheet-like lobes that are expanded laterally. This gives the appearance of a fan/leaf. Eg. Beetles
Scarab Beetle
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Flabellate Antenna
This type is similar to lamellate but differing in that the terminal lobes are parallel-sided and are not capable of being rolled into a tight fitting ball. Eg. Stag beetles.
Stag Beetle
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Each of the segments have a number of fine thread-like hair. This gives the appearance of a feather. i.e., Plumose antennae have a brush or feather-like shape.Example: Moths, Flies and male mosquitoes.
Plumose-Feather like
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Some Uncommon antennae
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