Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, for the year ......13GEORGEV SESSIONALPAPERNo.14...

13 GEORGE V SESSIONAL PAPER No. 14

DOMINION OF CANADA

A. 1923

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS

FOR THE

YEAR ENDED MARCH 31

1922

I'RISTED BY ORDER OF PARLIAMEXT

OTTAWAt . A. ACLAND

PRINTER TO THE KINO'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJKSTY1022

13 GEORGE V SESSIONAL PAPER No. 14 A. 1923

To (iiiKnil //('» Excellency the Right Honouriihle Lord Byng of Vimy, G.C.B.,

G.C.M.G., M.V.O., Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of the Dominion

of Canada.

May it Pi.KvsE ViiiK Excellency:

The uudt'i-signed has the honour to pie^ciit to W.ur Excellency the Annual Report

of the Department of Indian Affairs for the fiscal year ended March 31, 193?.

RespcL-tfully submitted,

CHARLES STEWART,Superintendcnf Grnernl of Indian Affairs.

Ott.uya.

14—li


CONTENTS

PART I

PageOur Indian Treaties 7

Health Supervision.. 14

Amendmen>cs to the Indian Act 15

Indian Soldier Settlement 10

Records Branch 17

Education IS

Buildines. Bridges. Drainage, Etc 21

Surveys _ 22

Lands and Timber 23

Liands 23

Location Tickets 23

Leases 23

Enfranchisement 23

Timber 24

Summary of Indian Affairs in the Various Provinces 25

Ontario

.

26

Quebec 26

New Brunswick 27

Nova Scctia 27

Prince Edward Island 28

Manitoba, 28

Saskatchewan 29

Alberta . • • •

British Co.lumbia : .. .. 30

Northwest Territories. . .. 31

Yukon 31

Financial 31

General 32

PART II

Tabular Statements

—

No. 1.—Census 3*

2.—Grain, Vegetable and Root Production 38

3.—Land: Private and Public Buildings and Property 42

4.—Live Stock and Poultry, General Effects 46

5.—Value of Real and Personal Property and Progress during Year 50

6.—Sources and Value of Income 54

School Statement .• 58

Indian Land Statement

Civil Government

Appropriation Accounts

Indian Trust Fund "9

4


PART I

REPORT

OF THE

DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT GENERAL OF

INDIAN AFFAIRS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 1922

5

13 GEORGE V SESSIONAL PAPEH No. 14 A. 1925

REPORT OF THE DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT GENERAL

Hon. C nARi.E.s Stf.wart,

Superiutc-iidf nt General of Indinn AiTairs,

Ottawa.

Sir.—I have the honour to suhniit the repoit of the Depavtmoiit of Indian Affairs

for the year ended .March 31. If>i2.

Last year we published in the reporc a short liistory of the departruent. This

year, as an appropriate sequence, we submit the following brief historical account

of the treaty relations of the British and Canadian Governments with the Indic.ns,

from the earliest times down to the present date. This si:bje>:!t is considered tim&ly

as the past year has seen the oompletion of p-'.bably the last treaty that will be

entered into with Canadian Indian;, Treaty No. 11 covering the MaeKenzic Uiver

District and surroundiusr parts.

OUR rXDT.W TKK.YTIES

From the time ot" the first British rettlen:ei.t in New KngianJ, the title of the

Indians to land.s oceLi|)ied by them was concedsd and compensation w.is itade io then;

for th? surrender of their huntinir gvound-. The Crown has always reserved to itself

the exclusive rig'ht to treat with the Indians for the surrender of. their lands, and

this rule, v/hich 'was conhrmed by th-i' Eoyal Pmelamatioa of October 7, 1703, ii

still adhered to. .

In 1(370, durin;? the reigu of Cliarle? IT, instiuctions were given to the iovcTEi^- s

of the colonies, which, amonir other matters, directed tliat Indians who desired to

place then^^elvcs under tlie Eriti-h should be well received and prcVeted.

For nearly a century tl'e Indians r,jo,=t intimately as.-^,ociated with the Engl:.-?h

were the Five Nations, llvim^ in wtiat is now the state of New York. These were

known a:? the Iroquois Leagrue ' and at fir.?; corrsprised the Mi.-hawks, Oueidas,

Csyugas, Oaondagas and Seiiacas. In 1715 the Tusoaroras frora North Carolina

were admitted to this league, whioh fiou? thit time has been known as the "SisNations ''.

Tliere are srill of r.-corii nuuierous agreements and treaties;., dating back as fa?

as the year 16iU and made by thi, British with the Indians of New Enjrland, while

Canada was still under French Government.

Viilik'? the British, the French did not admit that the Indians iutd an.\ tiflo to

lands but claimed them for the Crown by right of discoverj- and conquest, Kestrve?

were, however, set apart from time to time for the use of the Indians and tbtse wrrecoclirmed by the British in Article XL of the Articles of Capitulation sijfned st

Montreal on September 8, 1760, which reads, in part, as fellows:

—

'* The Savages or Indian Allies cf his most Christian Majesry, sh.>ll be

maintained in the lands they inhabit, if they choose to remain there: they shall

not be molested on any pretence whatsoever, for having carried arms an<' served

his most Christain Majesty."

7

Ott.^^w.a, August 1.5, 1022.

s DEPARTMENT OF IXDIAN AFFAIRS

13 GtOPGE V. A. 1923

In later years other reserves were set apart for Indians in the province cf Quebec

under authority of an Act of the province of Canada dated August 30, 1S51 (14 & 15

Victoria, Cap. 106).

MARITIME PROVIKCES

Two of the reserves in Prince Edward Island were grants from private owners and

the third wis purchased by the Doruiiiion Govornmeut for the Indians. In New Bruns-

wick and Xova Scotia some reserves were set apart by the Provincial Govemmc-nts

before Confederation and others have been puVcLased for the use of the Indians by the

Dominion Government since that date.

ONTARIO

Practically the wliole of Upper Canada was surrendered to the Crown by treaties

inadt by the Government with the Indians, reserves of sulHeient e.xteut being sot apart

for their use at points chosen by the Indians. In addition to the indigenous tribes,

it was necessary to provide lands for 'he Six Xations Indians who come to Canadaafter the American revolution to conipen.iatc them for the loss of their lands in the

Mohawk Valley. Reserves were set aside for them on the Bay of Quiute and on the

Grand river.

Up to the year 1S18 the compensation fcr the lands, whether in goods or money,

was paid to the Indians at the time of treaty but since that date it iias taken the form

of an annuity.

Previous to the year 1529, the custom wa< to pay these annuities in sroods of the

same description a' the annual present*, by v.hich practice the Indians, having already

received an adequate supply of- clothing, had a strong inducement to dispose of the

remainder for any object of more immediate want or attraction, among which liquor

ranked foremost,

la 1S29, Sir 'John Colborne, being desirous of checking the cils of this system

and to promo'e the settlement and civilization of the Indians, obtained permission from

the .Secretary of State to apply the anuunities towards building houses and purchasing

agricultural implements and stock for .-aueh members of the several tribes, interested

in the payments, as were disposed to settle in the province; and from that time the

issue of goods in payment of r.nnuities ceased. The chiinge seems at Ar-A to have been

unwillingly adopted by the Indians but was later generally approved of. Within two

or thr^-e years the settlements at Coldwater the Narrows, St. Clair and iluneeytown

were established by means of these funds and later several other settlements were

formed or enlarged

In consequence of this change it became necessary to credit each band, yearly."

with the amount of its annuity and to di'-ect the e.xpenditure of the money for its

benefit. This has led to the admission of tlie Indians to a voice in the disbursement

of their funds. The Government has* not ab.indoned control but still exercises a

restraint on improvident or improper e.'cpenditure and directs undertakings for th.eir

advantage, but the general practice is for tht Indians to determine among themselves

how the money is to be spent, sending a resolution of their council to the departmentcovering each item.

There have heezi many surrenders of lands for the puriwse of sale or lease, the

proceeds of which are placed to the credit of the Indians, and there have been others

for railway purposes, roads, churches, schools, etc.. but the principal surrenders weremade under Treaty and cover practicailly the whole province.

OLD UPPER C.^;;.\PA TRE.\TIES

By treaty of ilay 15. 17SC, the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians surrecderedAnderdon township and part of West Sandwich, Lambton county; also Bois Blancisland in the Detroit river.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDEXT-GENFRAL 9.

i

SESSIONAL PAPER No. 14

By treaty of ilay 19, 1790, the Ottavra, Chippewa, Pottawatniuie anJ Hurcn

Indians jurrendered parts of Kent, Elgin and iliddleses counties, containing about

2,000,000 acres of lend, in consideration of goods to the vahie of £1,2C0 currancy

delivered at the time of treaty.

By treaty of December 7, 1792, signed at Xavy Hall, the llississagna Indians

surrendered Norfolk and Haldimand counties and parts of Lincoln. Wentworth. Brant,

Oxford, Middlesex, Elgin and Welland counties, containing about .j.'JOOjOOO acres of

land.

This surrender vras taken to correct a defect in one taken on ^lay 22, 1784.

The considrTation in this case was £1,1S0. 7s. 4d. sterling.

By treaty of September 7, 1796, the Chippewa Indians surrendered part of Middle-

sex and Oxford counties, on. the north side of the River Thames, in consideration for

which they were padd £1,200, Quebec currency, in goods, at the time of treaty.

By treaty of September 7, 1796, the Chippewa Indians surrendered part of Lamb-ton and Kent counties, in consideration for which they were paid £S00 currency, in

goods at the time of treaty.'

By treaty of August 21, 1797, the Mississagua Indians surrendered part of I'feUon

township, in Halton county, containing about 3,i50 acres in consideration of goodsto the value of £7.5 2s. 6d. delivered at the time of treaty.

By treaty of May 22, 1793, the Chippewa Indians surrendered part of Simeoecounty, including Penet«nguii.hene harbour and islands therein, for the sum of £10J

paid to them in goods at the time of treaty.

By trtaty of June 30, 1798, the Chippewa Indians surrendered St. Joseph. Cari-

bou.x or Pnyeiitanassin island, between Lakes Iluron and Superior—one hundred andtwenty miles in circumference—in consideration of goods, to the value of £1,200,

Quebec currency, delivered to them at the time of treaty.

By treaty of September 11, 1800. the Ottawa, Chippewa. Powtawattamie andWyandott Indian? surrendered part of Essex county, containing 2,-112 acres and a

roadway, in consideration of the payment of £3(X) in goods delivered at the time of

treaty.

By treaty of August 1', 1S03. the Mississagua Indians surrendered Etobicoke.

York and Vaughan tomiships and parts of King, Whiteehurcli and Markum tow;i-

ships. York county.

This was in coirfirmation of a surrender signed, on September 2o, 1757, whejj

"divers goods and valuable consideration was given." Ten shillings was paid at the

time of this confirmation.

By treaty of September 6, 1806, the Mississagua Indians surrendered part of

Peel and Halton counties, to the extent of about &5,00O acres, in consideration of

goods to the value of £1.000 9s. lid. delivered at the time of treaty.

By treaty of the 17vh and ISth of November, 1S15, the Chippewa Indians sur-

rendered part of Sinicoc county contair.ing about 250,000 acres, in coiisideration of

£4,000 piid to the Indians at the time cf treaty.

By treaty of August 6, ISlC the Mississagua Indians surrenilered part of Thurlowtownship, Ha,stings countj , a: the mouth of Moira river. Bay of Quinte, containing

about 423 acre.s, in conside.T.ticn of £107 paid to the Indians .it the time of treaty.

By treaty of October 17, 1S18, the Chippewas of iak«s Huron nud Siincoe sur-

rendered part of Gray, Wellirigton, Dufferin and Simcoo counties, containing about

1,592,000 acres, in consideration of an annuity of £1,200 payable in goods.

By tretty of October 29, ISIS, the !i[issi^sagua Indians surrendered parts of

TVelllngton, DufFerin, Peel, and Halton counties to ths extent of about 645,000 aci'es,

known' as the Mississagua Tract, in the Home District. The consideration in this

case was an annuity of £522 10=. to be paid in goods.

By treaty of November 5, 1318, the Chipr<ewa Indians surrendered Hyde township

and parts of Muskoka. ifcrrison, Draper and Oakley. Muskoka district; part of

10 DEPARTMEST OF IXDIAN AFFAIRS

13 GEORGE V, A. 1923

Ontario countj-; Victoria and Peterborough counties; ar.i parts of Durham, llali-

burton, Hastings and Northumberland counties, containing' about 1,951,000 acres, in

consideration of an annuity of £740, province currency, payable in goods.

By treaty of February 28, 1S20, the Mississagua Indians surrenderd part of

Toronto township, Peel county, containinig about 2 000 acres iu consideration of £50

currency paid at the time of treaty.

By treaty of July 8, 1822, the Chippewa Indians surrendered part of Middlesex,

Lambton and Kent counties, containing about 580,000 acres, in consideration of an

annuity of £2 lOs. iu goods to each man, woman and child of the Chippewas then

inhabiting and claiming the said tract of land, and who shall be living at the resi)ective

times appointed for the delivery of the s;iid merchandise, during their respective lives

and to their posteritj for ever, i)rovided that the number of annuitants should not at

any time exceed 240, being the number of pei"sons then comiKising the said nation

claiming and inhabiting the said tract.

By treaty of July 20, 1820, the Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte surrendered about52 square milei, in consideration of an annuity of £2 10s. for each man, woman andchild but not to exceed the sura of £450 a year.

By treaty of Xovember 28, 1822, the Mississagua Indians surrendered parts of

Carleton, Lanark. Renfrew, Frontenac, Addington and Hastings counties, containingabout 2,748,000 a.-res, in consideration of an annuity of £2 10s. in goods, to each man,woman and child, provided the number of annuitants shall not at any time exceed

257, being the present number of persons entitled to the same.By treaty of July 10, 1827, the Chippewa Indians surrendered parts of Waterloo,

Wellington, Huron, Lambton, Middlesex and Oxford counties and all of Perth county,'

containing about 2,182,049 acres, in consideration of an annuity of £1,100 payablein goods.

This was in confirmation of a treaty signed by them on April 26, 1825, but givingthe area surrendered more exactly.

By treaty of August 9, 1836, the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians surrendered their

claim to Mauitonlin island to be used as a reserve for all Indians.

By treaty of October 25, 1836, the Moravian Indians surrendered their lauds onthe north side of the River Thames, containing about 2 500 acres, in consideration

of an annuity of $600.

The aimuities granted to the Ind'ans undor tht Old Upper Canada treaties werecapitalizL>d some time pre\iiius to confederation a.id the interest placed each year

to the credit of their respective accounts and distributed to the Indians entitled to

them semi-annually viih the interest derived from sale of their lands, timber, etc.

By treaty of Sept-'>mber 7, ISgO, at Sault Ste. Marie, the Ojibeway (or Chippewa)Indians surrendered the land on the north shore of lake Superior, including the

islands, from Batchawii.a bay to Pi<jecin river, and inland to the height of land,

except reserves mentioned, in Algoma and Thunder Bay districts, in consideration of

an immediate payvnent of £2,000 and an annuity of £500. If the territory ceded

should produce a suflicient amcunt the annuity to be increased to £1 ctirrency for

each individual, provided the ituinber of annuitants shall be two-thirds of their

present nu;nber (which is 1,210). This increase of annuity was authorized by Orderin Council of July 22, 1875, and arrears of Increase paid for the years 1853, 1854, 1856,

1872, 1S7S and 1874.

By iveaty of September 9, 1850, the 0.iibwa (or Chippewa) Indians surrendered

the efisteri and northern shores of lake Huron, including the islands, from Pene-tanguishero to Batcliawana bay, r.nd inland to the height of land, except reserves

mentioned, in Muskoka, Parry Sound, Xipis.-'ing and Algoma districts, ic considera-

tion of an immediate payment of £2,000 and an annuity of £600. If the territory

ced<?d should produce a sufficient uruount the annuity to be increased to £1 currency

for each individual provided the number •>{ annuitants -''hall be two-thirds of thejr

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT-GENERAL 11


present number ( wliii-h is 1,422). This increase of lunniity wus iiiitliorized by Orderill T'duiioil of July 'li. 1875, and arrears of increase paid for 1873 and 1874.

Tri'alii

In the ycartj 100t'> and 1!>0() Tr("aty Commissioners Duncan C. Scott and SamuelStewart (for the Dominion) and Daniel Cieorpre MacMartin (for the Province of

Ontario) negotiated a treaty with the Ojibwa and Crec Indians north of the height

of land and a ,-urrender was obtained of a tract of land described in the treaty, con-

taining about f)0,0(M) square miles, under the following conditions: Lands to be

reserved for the use of the Indians to the extent of one S(iuarc mile for each family

of five. A present of $8 to be made to each Indian at the time of treaty. An annuity

of $4 for eac'h Indian and schools to be established for the Indians where necessary.

This treaty was signed at :

—

Osnaburg, on July li'. li)05.

Fort Hope, on July 19, UK)5.

.Martins Falls, on July 20, 1905.

Fort Albany, on August 3, 1905.

Moose Factory, on August 9, 1905.

New Po.st, on August 21, 1905.

Abitibi, on June 7, 1906.

Matachewan, on June 20, 1906.

]Mattaganii, on July 7, 1906.

Flying Post, on July 16, 1906.

New Brunswick House, on July 25, 1906.

Long Lake, on August it. 1906.

The annuities granted to the Indians under the Robinson Treaties and TreatyXii. 9 are distributed yearly to the Indians entitled to them.

.MAMTnUA AM) THK MlHTIlWKST TKIiHITOltlliS

By treaty of July 18, 1817, the Chippewa or Saulteaux and the Killistine or CreeIndians surrendered a large tract of land in the Red River district, now in Manitoba,

for the Selkirk Settlement, in consideration of an annuity of 100 pounds of tobacco

to be delivered to each of the two nations. The Earl of Selkirk had purchased the

rights of the Hudson Bay Company to this land on June 21, 1811, for the consideration

of ten shillings and certain agreement* and understandings contained in an indenture.

In 1836 the Hudson Bay Company bought back the whole tract from the heirs of the

Earl of Selkirk for the sum of .€84,000, the rights of colonists, who had purchased land

between 1811 and 1836 being respected.

This tract of land was afterwards included in Treaty No. 1, 1871.

By Treat.v No. 1. dated August 3, 1871, Treaty Commissioner Wemyss M. Simpsonobtained a surrender from the Chippewas and Swampy Crees of a tract of land

fdescribed in the treaty) reserving 160 acres, for each family of five Indians, in several

localities in consideration of an annuity of $3 for each man, woman and child, HerMajesty agreeing to maintain a school on ench reserve for the use of the Indians.

By Treaty No. i'. dated August 21, 1871, Treat.v Commissioner Wemyss M.Simpson obtained a surrender from the Chippewa Indians of a tract of land (described

in the treaty) reserving certain lands for the use of the Indians to the extent of 160

acres for each family of five persons, in consideration of an annuity of $3 for each

man, woman and child. Her Majest.v agreeing to maintain a school on each reserve

for the use of the Indians.

12 DEPARTMENT OF J\DIAX AFFAIRS


By Order in Council of April 30, 1875, Treaties Xos. 1 and 2 were amended raising

the amount of annuity from $3 to $5 with an additional $20 per annum to each chief

and giving a suit of clothes every third year to each chief and headman.An acceptance of this amendment was signed by the Indians on August 23, 1ST.".

By Treaty No. 3 (Northwest Angle), dated October 3, 1873, the Treaty Commis-sioners, Hon. Alexander ilorris, Lt.-Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest Terri-

tories, J. A. N. Proveneher and S. J. Dawson, obtained a surrender from the Saulteaux

and Ojibwy Indians, of a tract of land (described in the treaty) comprising an area

of about 55,000 square miles, reserving certain lands for the use of the Indians, to the

extent of one square mile for each family of five, in consideration of a present of $12

for each man, woman and child and an annuity of $5 for each Indian. Her Majesty

further agreed to maintaiin a school for the Indians on each reserve and to supply the

Indians with $1,500 worth of ammunition and twine (annually), ako implements and

cattle. And that the Chiefs be paid a salary of $25 a year and the sub-chiefs (three

to each band) $15 a year. The chiefs and sub-chiefs were to receive a suit of clothes

once every three years and a medal and flag to be given to each chief.

On June 9, 1874,. the Indians of Lac Seul, Trout and Sturgeon Lakes signed an

adhesion to Treaty No. 3 (Northweet Angle).

By Treaty No. 4 (the Qu'Appelle Treaty), dated September 15, 1874, the Treaty

Commissioners, Hon. Alexander Morris, Lt.-Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest

Territories, Hon. David Laird, Minister of the Interior, and W. J. Christie, obtained

a surrender from the Cree and Saulteaux Indians of a tract of land (described mthe treaty) upon the same terms as Treaty No. 3. with the exception that four sub-

chiefs were allowed to each band and the annual grant for ammunition and twine was

$750.

The following adhesions were signed to Treaty No. 4, at :

—

Fort Ellice, on September 21, 1874.

Swan Lake, on September 24, 1874.

Qu'Appelle Lakes, on September 8 and 9, 1875.

Foi-t Pelly, on August 24, 1876.

Fort Walsh, on September 25, 1877.

By Treaty No. 5 (Lake Winnip^ Treaty), dated September 20 and 24, 1875, at

Berent? River and Norway House, the Treaty Commissioners, Hon. Alexander Morris

and Hon. James McKay, obtained a surrender from the Saulteaux and Swampy Cree

Indians of a tract of land (described in the treaty) containing about 100,000 square

miles.

The terms of this treaty are similar to those of Treaty No. 3.

The following adhesions to Treaty No. 5 were signed by :—

Chief Thick Foot's Band on September 28, 1875.

Bloodvein, Big Island, Dog Head and Jack Head bands on July 26, 1876.

Grand Eapids, on August 4, 1876.

Black River Band, on September 27, 1876.

Pas, Cumberland, and Moose Lake bands on September 7. 1876.

Split Lake, on June 26, 1908.

Nelson House, on July 13, 1908.

Norway House, on July 8, 1908.

Cross Lake, on July 15, 1908.

Fisher River, on August 24, 1908.

Oxford House, on July 29. 1909.

Gods Lake, on August 6, 1909.

Island Lake, on August 13, 1909.

Deer Lake, on June 9, 1910.

Fort Churchill, on August 1, 1910.

York Factory, on August 10, 1910.

REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDEST-GENERAL 13


By Treaty No. 6, dated August 23 and 28 and September 9, 1876, at Fort Carl-

ton, Fort Pitt and Battle Eiver, the Treaty Commissioners, Hon. Alexander Morris,

Hon. James McKay and Hon. W. J. Christie, obtained a surrender from the Plainand Wood Cree Indians of a tract of land (described in the treaty) containing about121,(MH) square miles.

The terms of this treaty are similar to those of Treaty Xo. 3.

Adhesions to Treaty No. 6 were signed by the Cree Indians at Fort Pitt onAugust 9, 1877, and August 19, 1878.

By the Crees, at Blackfoot Crossing and Bow Eiver on Septeiubor -">, 1877.

By the Stony Plain Indians on August 29, 1878.

By the Wood Crees at Carlton on September 3, 1878.

• By Crees (Michel Calistrois) on September 18, 1878.

By Little Pines band on July 2, 1879.

By Big Bears band on December 8, 1882.

Robert and William Charles bands signed an adhesion to Treaty No. 6 on Febru-ary 11, 1889, at Montreal Lake and surrendered lands (described in the adhesion

to treaty) containing about 11,066 square miles.

The Waterhen River band signed an adhesion to Treaty No, 6 on tlie 8th of

November, 1921.

By Treaty No. 7 (Blackfoot)dated September 22, 1877, at Blackfoot Crossing,

the Treaty Commissioners, Hon. David Laird and James F. McLeod, obtained a

surrender from the Blackfoot, Blood, Peigan. Sarcee and Stony Indians of a tract

of land (described in the treaty).

The terms of this treaty are similar to tliose of Treaty No. 3.

An Adhesion to Treaty No. 7 was signed by Chief Three Bulls on bi^linlf f bir;

band on December 4, 1877.

Treaty S

A Treaty was made on June 21, 1S99, by the Treaty Commissioner.-;, Hon. DavidLaird, J. A. J. McKenna, and J. H. Ross, with the Cree, Beaver and ChipewayanIndians by which the Indians surrendered a tract of land (described in the treaty)

on the following conditions:

—

Lands were to be reserved for the use of the Indians to the extent of 160 acres

for each Indian.

Each Chief was to receive a present of $32, each Head-man $22 and each Indian

$12 at the time of Treaty.

Each Chief was to receive an annuity of $25, each Head-n^m $15 and each

Indian $5.

Each Chief was to receive a medal and a flag, and caeli Chief and Head-man a

suit of clothes every third year.

School teachers were to be provided for the Indians and implements, cattle,

anmiunition and twine were to be supplied.

This treaty was signed at:

—

I.resser Slave Lake, on June 21, 1899.

Peace River, on July 1, 1899.

Vermilion, on July 8, 1899.

Fond du Lac, on July 25 and 27, 1899.

Dunvegan, on July 6, 1899.

Fort Chipewayan, on July 13. 1899.

Fort McMurray, on August 4, 1899.

Wapiscow Lake, on August 14, 1899.

Adhesions to Treaty No. 8 were signed before Treaty Commissioner J. A. Macrae

by the Beaver Indians of Upper Peace River on May 30; the Sturgeon Lake band

14 DEPARTMEXT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS


on June 8; the Slave Indians of Upper Hay Rivtr on June 23; and l)y tlio (ireat

Slave lake Indians (south sliore) on July 25, 1900.

The Slaves and Sicanees Indians of Fort Nelson, B.C., signed an adhesion to

Treaty No. S before Coniniissioner H. A. Conroy on August 15, 1910.

Treaty 10

In the year 1906 Treaty Commissioner J. A. J. McKenna negotiated a treaty

with the Chipewayan and Creo Indians by whieh they surrendered a tract of land

(described in the treaty) containing about 85,800 s<iuaro miles, upon terms similar t.i

those of Treaty No. 8.

This treaty was signed at:

—

Isle-a-la-Crosse, on August 28, 1900.

Lac du Broehet, on August 19 and 22. 1906, andCanoe Lake, on September 19, 1906.

Treaiy 11

B.v Treaty No. 11, dated June 27, 1921, Commissioner H. A. Conro.v obtained

the surrender from the Indians of a tract of land in the Mackenzie River District

(described in the treaty) containing about 372,000 square miles. The terms of this

treaty are similar to those of Treaty No. 8, and it was signed by the Indians at :

—

Simpson, on July 11, 1921.

Wrigley, on July 13, 1921.

Norman, on July 15, 1921.

Good Hope, on July 21, 1921.

Arctic Red River, on July 26, 1921.

McPherson, on July 28, 1921.

Rae, on August 22, 1921.

The annuities granted b.v treaty to the Indians of Manitoba and the Northwest

Territories (now Alberta and Sa^^katchewan and the Northwest Territories) are

distributed yearl.v to those entitled to them.

HEALTH SUPERVISION

The health of the Indians has been normal during the past year. The depart-

ment provides medical attention for the Indian bands in all parts of the Dominion,

and all possible effort is being made to preserve and improve the physical wellbeing

of the native races.

Recently there has been i naugurated a policy with a view to better medical

and prophylactic supervision for the western Indians. Within the last few

months there have been appointed a number of travelling nurses whose duty

it is to inspect the Indian schools and to go about among the homes on the

reserves giving assistance and advice. These nurses work in co-operation with the

Indian agents and departmental medical attendants, and much is being accomplished

in the way of improving the health conditions of the Indians. Simple talks on

sanitation, diet, and home-making are given, and many of the Indian women grate-

fully accept the advice of tlie nurses regarding the care of their children. Thoroughexaminations are made and treatments given when required. One great drawback is

the fact that the older Tndiaiis are inclined to place their faith in the Indian medicine

men. and refuse treatment by white doctors. This difficulty, however, is being

graduall.v overcome, and it is found that the hospitals which are maintained on

various Reserves are becoming more freely used by the Indian people.



Tuberculosis has always been one of the greatest enemies of the Indians. Theeducational work now being carried on should have great effect in lessening the

ravages of this disease. Not only are the Indians being instructed on questions of

health by the nurses who jieriodieall.v visit the reserves, but they are given continuous

advice, assistance and treatment by field matrons employed by the department for their

benefit. In addition to their duties as nurses, these field matrons are endeavouring

to encourage the Indian women and girls to make their homes more like those of

white {X'ople. Instead of thinking onl.v of daily needs, they are being taught to

provide for the future: for instance, they are instructed in methods of canning fruit

and vegetables for the winter months, and they arc encouraged to cultivate gardens,

the department supplying the neces^iary seed. It is felt that by sucTi simple instruc-

tion in the art of living, coupled with the care given by the Indian agents and medical

attendants, the health of the Indian people is being materially improved.

AMITXnMK.VTS TO TITE I.KDIAN ACT

The provisions respecting the enfranchisement of Indians were modified so as to

place the initiative with the Indian concerned by the following amendment:

—

Till' Indian Act fcUowimj Amendment

:

—" 107 (l) U]Xin the aiiplicatioii of an Indian of any hand (ir ujion the

application of a hand on a vote of a majority of the male members of suchband of the full age of twenty-one years at a meeting or council thereof

summoned for that purpose accrding to the rules of the band and held in

the presence of the Superintendent General or of an officer duly authorizedto attend such council, by the Governor in Council or by the SuperintendentGeneral, a Board may be appointed by the Superintendent General to consist

of two officers of the Department of Indian Affairs and a memher of theband to which the Indian or Indians under investigation belongs, to makeinquiry and report as to the fitness of any Indian or Indians to he enfranchised.The Indian member of the Board shall be nominated by the council of theband, within thirty days after the date of notice having been given to thecouncil, and in default of such noniinatien, the appointment shall be madeby the Superintendent General. lb the course of such inquiry it shall be theduty of the Board to take into consideration and report upon the attitude ofany such Indian towards his enfranchisement, which attitude shall be a factorin determining the question of fitness. Such report shall contain a descriptionof the land, occupied by each Indian, the amount thereof and the improvementsthereon, the names, ages and sex of every Indian whose interests it is anticipatedwill be affected, and such other information as the Superintendent Generalmay direct such Board to obtain."

INDIAN SOLDIER SETTLEMENT

Part III of the Indian Act passed at the Session of 1919 confers upon the DeputySuperintendent General all the powers of the Soldiers' Settlement Board in dealingwith Indian returned soldier settlers.

In purchasing a location on a reserve for an Indian returned soldier settler, theDeputy Suivrintendeiit General acquires for such settler merely the improvementsand usufructuary interest, the land itself remaining part of the common property of

the band, from which it cannot be alienated, except as provided by the Indian Act.In other words, the'department, as a matter of law and quite apart from any considera-tions nf policy, cannot ai-i|uire or convey the fee tQ lands on a reserve.

16 DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS


The veAiage of the statute, however, was not suflSciently full on these points, and

in consequence considerable alarm was occasioned among the Indians, who feared that

tho band title to the lands might be prejudicially affected. In order to allay these

misgivings, the verbiage has been amplified and clarified by the following amendmentof 1922:—

The Indian Act as amended, 19S2:—"197. The Deputy Superintendent General may acquire, fof a settler who

is an Indian, land as well without as within an Indian reserve, and shall have

authority to set apart for such settler a portion of the common lands of the

band without the consent of the Council of the band. In the event of land

being so acquired or set apart on an Indian reserve, the Deputy Superintendent

General shall have power to take the said land as security for any advances madeto such settler, and the provisions of the Soldier Settlement Act, 1919, shall,

as far as applicable, apply to such transactions. It shall, however, be only the

individual Indian interest in such lands that is being acquired or given as

security, and the interest of the band in such lands shall not be. in any wayafFected by such transactions."

The Section repealed:—"197. The Deputy Superintendent General may acquire for a settler who

is an Indian, land as well without as within an Indian reserve, and shall have

authority to grant to such settler a location ticket for common lands of the

band without the consent of the council of the band, and, in the event of land

being acquired or provided for such settler in an Indian reserve, the DeputySuperintendent General shall have power to take security as provided by the

Soldier Settlement Act, 1919, and to exercise all otherwise lawful rights and

powers with resiject to such lands notwithstanding any provisions of the Indian

Act to the contrary."

INDIAN SOLDIER SETTLEMENT

The work in connection with the Indian Soldier Settlement during the past year

has been more to consolidate and establish on a firm basis those loans already made,

rather than making new loans. Great care has been exercised in granting loans as

is evidenced by the fact that while 361 applications for loans have been received only

190 loans have been approved, and the settlers are meeting their obligations quite

satisfactorily.

The total amount expended to March 31, 1922, amounts to $368,117.54, made upas follows:

—

Permanent Improvements

—

Acquiring land, fencing, erecting buildings, etc $210,198 47Stock and Equipment

—

.

Purchase of horses, cattle, implements, seeds, etc 126.870 69Repayments to Soldier Settlement Board and refunds 24,967 68Expenses of administration in the field 6,080 70

Total J368,117 54

Repayments made by Indian settlers amounted to $ 22,106 24Made up as follows

—

On permanent improvements 5,673 20On stock and equipment 11,677 73Interest charges 4,755 31



The season of 1921 was a particularly poor year for farmers, and the Indian

settlers found it discouraging work, but have persevered and this year promises to

repay them for their efforts during the trying circumstances of the past.

The failure of last year's crops necessitated the furnishing of a large quantity of

seed and feed this spring, but the encouraging outlook and the confidence displayed

by the Indians augurs well for the success of the Indian farmers.

A new and more efficient system of accounting in connection with the Soldier

Settlement work was inaugurated with the transfer of the work to the Accountants'

Branch in February last.

EECORDS BEANCH

The keeping of the records in this department is a work of special importance,

particularly in view of the mass of interesting and valuable historical documents andpapers that have accumulated on the files since the first Indian office was established

more than one hundred and fifty years ago.

In the very early days there was no registration system of any kind. Letters were

received and answered, folded and put away in bundles in order of date. Sometimesthere was a draft of a reply and sometimes a note on the letter that a reply had been

sent on such a date but that was all.

At the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century the

department was divided, the office of the Superintendent General and the secretary

being at Montreal and that of the Deputy Superintendent General and the assistant

secretary at Fort George (Niagara).

Hero at Niagara is the first mention of a records room, in a complaint made in

the year ISOO that it had no desk, no shelf and no fuel.

During the war of 1812-14 the Indian records were, for safekeeping, transferred

from Niagara, on the frontier, to York, but on the 27th of April, 1813, the Americansraided York; all the papers were taken and no account has since been had of them.

Following the abolition of the office of Superintendent General in 1828 the secre-

tary of the department was moved from Montreal to Quebec in 1830 and back to

Montreal in 1840.

Tliis division of the department, the moving of its offices and the changes of

administration—sometimes under civil govoninient and sometimes under military

control, now under the Governor General's secretary, now under the Crown LandsDepartment and now under the Secretary of State, has left confusion in the mass of

records.

*':r John Johnson was appointed Superintendent General of Indian Affairs in

1TS2, >jut up to the year 1821 there had been no letter book or letter register kept in

his office at Montreal.

The present series of letter books commenced in 1829 and a few of the earlier

volumes are not indexed.

A commission was appointed to " investigate into the business, conduct andorganization of the various public departments of the province of Upper Canada" andamong other recommendations in their report, dated the 1st of February, 1840, weread :

—

"Your Committee suggests that in the conduct of his office, the Chief

Superintendent should be oMiged to keep

"1st. A Book in which shall be entered all the correspondence of the depart-

ment, with an 'alphabetical index.''

This was the origin of our letter registers.



At first each letter was registered and filed separately. Then, for convenience,letters on the same subject were tied together and a note made in the register to that

effect.

Tlie present system of having all letters on each subject with the draft replies

placed in order of date on one file with an endorsed back, first came into use about 1870.

During the past year there were received and registered about 71,668 letters,

vouchers and returns and there were about 23,600 letters and telegrams sent out.

These figures, of course, do not include circular letters, acknowledgements, chequeletters or receipts. There were 1,212 registered letters and 1 460 unregistered moneyletters received.

In addition to this there have been numerous searches made during the year,

among the old records both in the department and in the Public Archives, necessitated

by request for historical data and for the settlement of claims and disputes.

EDUCATIOX

A total of 321 Indian schools, of all classes, were in operation during the year,

namely, 250 day, 55 boarding and 16 industrial. In the tabular statements, in part

II of this report, will be found a list of these schools, giving the reserve, agencyand province and the enrolment in each case.

As compared with the previous year, there is a decrease of three day schools andthree boarding schools, and an increase of one industrial school. In the boarding

school class, the Port Simpson Girls' Home and the Sarcee Boarding School wereclosed, the former having been burnt and not yet rebuilt, and the latter is now being

used for hospital purposes. A new industrial school was erected at Fraser Lake,which rejjlaces the boarding school formerly conducted at Stuart Lake, which latter

has been closed. Several day schools were closed owing to lack of attendance or

inability to secure teachers, while several schools in this class, which had been closed

for some time, were reopened, and new schools started at several points.

The total enrolment for the year was 13,021 pupils; 6,605 boys and 6,416 girls.

This, as compared with the preceding year, shows an increased enrolment of 463 pupils.

There was an enrolment of 7,990 in the day schools, 3,234 in the boarding schools and

1,798 in the industrial schools.

The average attendance during the year at these three classes of schools was 8,664,

which is slightly less than that for the preceding year, when it was 8,723.

The percentage of attendance of the number enrolled during the year was 66.46,

a decrease of 3 per cent.

In addition to the above there are about 130 Indian children, the greater numberof whom are orphans, being provided for and educated in public and private residential

schools throughout the Dominion, besides a number who are attending high schools.

The 321 schools, comprising day, boarding and industrial, in operation during the

year, were conducted under the following auspices: Undenominational, 50 day and1 industrial; Roman Catholic, 85 day, 32 boarding and 9 industrial; Church of

England, 70 day, 15 boarding and 3 industrial; Methodist, 40 day, 1 boarding and 3

industrial ; Presbyterian, 4 day and 7 boarding, and the Salvation Army, 1 day school.

Qualified teachers with professional training are engaged whenever it is possible

to obtain them. In the older settled portions of the different provinces, the greater

number of the teachers are so qualified. In the schools situated on the more remote

reserves, it is difiicult to secure teachers with certificates. Many of our teachers whohave not professional qualifications have, however, long experience and are meeting

with a great measure of success in Indian school work.

The Indian schools in Ontario, Quebec, Xova Scotia and Prince Edward Island are

inspected semi-annually by the provincial, separate and public school inspectors under



anaiigoments with the Department of Education of each province. In New Brunswick

and British Columbia, Indian schools are inspected by officials appointed by the

department. Arrangements have recently been completed with the Provincial De-

partments of Education for the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta to

utilize the services of their school inspectors in inspecting Indian schools. In addition

to this inspection, the schools are under the supervision of the difFt'rent Indian agents,

who are required to make regular inspections and reports.

The course of study is that prescribed for the provincial public and separate

schools of the province in which the Indian schools are located, and is strictly followed.

Our school buildings, in most eases, compare favourably with white school.'^

similarly situated, also in the work performed in the classroom and in the equipment

provided.

New modern, up-to-date and thoroughly equipped buildings were completed during

the year, as follows: An industrial school ^vith accommodation for 150 children at

Eraser Lake, B.C., boarding schools with accommodation for 80 children each at

Sechelt, B.C., and Gordon's Reserve, Saskatchewan. The erection of a new building

was commenced at the Coqualeetza Institiite, Sardis, B.C.

There is land for farming and gardening purposes provided at practically all the

residential schools. The pupils are ihus enabled to receive a general knowledge of

agriculture which should be of great benefit to them after leaving school.

The granting of assistance to graduates to encourage farming has been main-tained. Upon leaving school a male e.\-pupil may be given a grant of cattle, horsas,

implements or building material. A female ex-pupil may be given a sewing machineor household equipment. During the past year a number of girls and boys, ex-pupils,

have been assisted to the extent of $3,288.69.

The expenditure for Indian education from parliamentary appropriation duringthe year amounted to $1,363,419.71. The following statement will show the expendi-ture for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1922, for Indian educatioji from parliamentaryappropriation :

—

It— 2 J



Total i

eta.

167,259

94

39,847

14

10,378

26

13,715

46

1,095

92

147,272

.30

322,778

81

1,

11,.

353

00

478,643

60

19,143

54

11,931

02

V %

%2

g

Freight,

Exrress,

etc.

S

cts.

344

06

149

46

375

10

50 00

i

Tuition

g SS3§ S§S§ :

':

glS° : :

10

Salaiies

and

Travel

1,080

00

144

SO

3,257

6S

ec

«3

Ex-pupils

C6

COCO

CO

$

cts.

72.977

03

iSiil i470,842

70

Boardirg

Schools

g :

:i5Ssii i^ S

DaySchools t

cts.

23,096

02

32,701

18

7,063

Oi

!l,92'!

80

1

OO'i

9K

23,932

.39

19,307

34

2,928

81

36,335

40

901

11

160,

167

16

I

11

i



In addition to the above the various bands of Indians whose funds are sufficient

to meet the outlay, contributed the sum of $56,456.99 towards the payment of teachers'

salaries, general expenses and the maintenance of school buildings on their reserves.

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 1922, the amounts so contributed have been as

follows :

—

AccountNo.

I

2

345I'l

7

S9

10

12

Hl'>

17

18

19

20222328

30323334495079

8218224R247248249251

Band

Biitchawanu HandChippewas of Bi ausoloil.

" Nftw.'ish..." 1?:unii

^arniaS;iugceii

Snake Island" Thames

Walpole IslandI'ort WilliamGarden Hiver BindNipissing Ba'idManitouiin Island (Unocdcd)M is.«issnu(;as of Alnwick

Credit" Ric? Lake

Mud I-akr-

Mohaw ks of Bay of QuinteMoravians of ThamesOjibw iu* of Missauga RiverI'ariy Island BandSerpi'nt llivor Band."^ix Nations o Grand RiverShawan:iga B'ndTimishimany BandHiver DesiTtChippcwas of Kettle & Stoney Point.Whitrlish River BandDokis BandSh>'guian<l;.h ,

.

Shcslu'RWiUiing '

South Bay BandSucker Creek BandWest Bay Band

Interest

cts.

293 79

1,148 59

2,821 28

1,257 21875 92

2,331 46370 90

1,414 40

331 8fi

119 36

1,852 21

7o3 091,994 931,200 431,037 50320 85254 83

2,700 271,417 19

34 75626 34

659 507,791 821,041 50

62 00677 52

1,606 83871 92311 00675 25

1,321 28

703 88535 75

1,078 63

50,554 04

Capital

5,902 05

5,902 95

The amount expended from interest represents current expenses, salaries of

teachers and minor repairs, while the expenditure from capital was an outlay for a

new two-roomed day school building and teacher's living quarters combined.

BUILDINGS, BKIDQES, DRAINAGE, ETC.

Buildings.—The Indian boarding schools at Alberni and Eraser Lake were com-pleted, and water supply and sewerage systems were installed for these buildings.

A new boarding school was erected on the Gordons Reserve, Sask. A portion of

the new Indian boarding school at Coqualeetza has been built. Forty houses andforty stables were erected on the Blackfoot Reserve for the Indians. Minor repairs

have been carried out in many of the schools and in cases the sanitary conditionshave been improved.

BRIDOES, DRArNAOE, IRRIOATION SYSTEMS AND ROADS

The following works have been carried out during the current iSscal year on thefollowing Indian reserves in the Dominion of Canada:

—

22 DEPARTMEXT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS


Bridges and Culverts.—Repairs to bridges and culverts have been performed on

the following reserves: Tiiniskaming, Que.: Oka, Que.; Stella, B.C.; ThunderehLld,

Sask. ; and New Credit, Afton, Walpolo Island, Ont.

Drainage System.—Drainage systems of various types have been constructed on

the following reserves: New Credit, Cape Croker, Fort William, Six Nations, andMoravian in Ontario, and Caughnawaga in Quebec.

Irrrigation Systems.—Irrigation systems have been constructed or are being

gradually extended on the following reserves: Lytton, B.C.; Blackfoot, Alta.;

Oayoosh, B.C.; and Thunderchild, Sask.

Road Work.—Building of roads, improvements, and maintenance of main roads,

have been performed on the following reserves : Moravian, Parry Island, Rama,Sarnia, Whitefish, Stony Point, Slie-^lu^-aning, Clarden River, Cape Croker, Alnwick,

West Bay, Clu-istmas Island, Fort Frances, Middle River, Whycocomagh, Eskasoni,

in Ontario; Norway House, Man.; Sucker Creek, B.C.; Doncaster and Caughnawaga,Que.

Wharves.—Important repairs have been made to the wharf at Bella Bella, B.C

,

and a water supply has been provided for the Lytton Indian Village, B.C.

SURVEYS

The following is a statement of principal surveys performed in connection with

the work of the Surveys Branch during the fiscal year which ended March 31, 1922 :

—

NOVA SCOTU

On account of alleged trespass the north and east boundaries of the Millbrook

Indian reserve were retraced.

A portion of this reserve, known as the Creelman property, was subdivided.

The Lingan Road property in the Sydney Indian reserve was subdivided for

Indian purposes.

NEW BRUNSWICK

A retracement survey was made of a portion of the Tabusintac Indian reserve.

QUEBEC

A small portion of the Lorette Indian reserve was subdivided for Indian purposes.

A preliminary examination, without survey, was made in connection with the

proposed reserve at Barriere Lake for the Indians of that vicinity.

ONTARIO

A portion of the Rainy Lake Indian reserve No. 18-B was subdivided into lots

for Indian occupation.

An additional plot of ground was surveyed for cemetery purposes in the

Mattagami Indian reserve.

A survey was made of Snake island, in lake Simcoe.

A portion of lot 27, block B, Walpole island, was subdivided into lots for summer

resort purposes.

The Mohawk church lot at Brantford was surveyed.



SASKATCHEWAN

The unsurrendered portion of the Mistawasis Indian reserve was subdivided

for Indian purposes.

The unsurrendered portion of the Muskeg Lake Indian reserve was subdivided

for Indian purposes.

A portion of the Muscowekuaii Indian reserve was subdivided for sale andvaluations made.

A reserve was selected by sections and fractional sections at Chitek lake for that

portion of the Witchekan lake band which resides at Chitek lake.

A survey was made of a small parcel in the surrendered portion, of the FishingLake Indian reserve and also a small portion of the Fishing lake reserve was sur-

rendered and surveyed.

BRITISH COLUMBIA

The north and east boundaries of the Long Lake Indian reserve No. 5 were

retraced.

The surrendered portion of the Scowlitz Indian reserve No. 1 was subdivided

into farm lots.

A small portion of the Slosh Indian reserve No. 1 was surrendered and surveyed.

The north boundary of Ruby Creek Indian reserve No. 2 was retraced.

A portion of tlie Campbell Eiver Indian reserve No. 11 was surrendered andsurveyetl.

LANDS AND TIMBER

LANDS

Sales of surrendered, surveyed lands are shown in the tabular statement appearing

in Part 11 of this report. During the past year 5,804-43 acres were sold, realizing

$58,207.46. The number of land patents issued during the year ending March 31 last

was 300, and returns of Crown grants to the number of 33 were prepared and forwardedto the registrars of the counties and districts in which the lands patented were situate,

and four returns were made to the Provincial Secretary of Ontario covering lands

patented within that province.

LOCATION TICKETS

Location tickets granting title under the provisions of the Indian Act, to

individual owners, for lands on the reserves, were issued during the past year to

the number of sixty-five, and on March 31 last, there were current 2,454 location

tickets.

LEASES

Under the provisions of section 11 of the regulations for the disposal of Indian

lands, leases were issued ^to wliite men at the reque^st of the Indian locatees to the

number of 98, and on March 31 last, there were 1,322 leases current.

ENFRANCHISEMENT

Under the provisions of section 122A of the Indian Act there have beenenfranchised during the past fiscal year 98 Indians, heads of families, comprisinga total number of men. women and children of 307. The total number of Indiansenfranchised to March 31, 1922, under this section, is 813.

24 DhPARTMESr OF IXDIAN AFFAIRS

13 GEORGE V. A. 1923

TIMBER

Lumbering operations on Indian Reserves in the Dominion during the license

year 1921-22 were not carried on to so large an extent as during the previous yearwith the exception of certain reserves in the province of British Columbia.

In Eastern Canada the cut was approximately 40 per cent lower than during theyear 1920-21, but the total cut throughout the Dominion was somewhat larger owingto the fact that return of the cut of yellow pine, and British Columbia spruce andcedar was 400 per cent greater than the previous year.

The general conditions in the lumber trade were so discouraging last year in

Eastern Canada, that very little activity was evident, and consequently it was foundnecessary to renew several licenses under the non-working clause.

The quantity of timber cut on Indian Reserves during the year, both underlicense and under permit was as follows:

—

f.b.m.

Elm 167,865Birch 387,947Oak.. 4,224

54,076393,510115.12211,852 cords18,231

32,830 cu. ft.

31,861Posts 5,569

2,603

The total quantity of timber cut for sale in terms of hoard measure feet wasapproximately sixty-five million and in addition to this quantity, the Indians them-

selves cut approximately nine million f.b.m. of timber for building and fencing

purposes and 18,000 cords of fuel for domestic use, besides an unreported quantity

of material for the native manufacture of snowshoes, axe-handles, hockey sticks andbaskets.

The sale of standing timber on Reserves was discouraged as prices were very

low and it was considered advisable in the Indian interest to withhold the disposal

of timber until such time as prices have attained a more normal level. However,in certain instances where the Indians petitioned the Department to be allowed to

sell their timber so as to relieve their iromediate necessities, sales were made in

conformity with the regulations. These were as follows:

Part Rama Reserve $ 600 plus dues.Kwatlena Reserve 400 deposit plus royaltj'.Shoal Lake Reserve No. 28A 8,000 bonus plus dues.Point Maniwaki Reserve 800 bonus plus dues.Point Parry Island Reserve 1,000 deposit plus royalty.

Total $10,800



Cash receipts during the year were:

—

Bonuses and deposits $ 52,700 00Timber dues (license) 65,393 €2Timber dues (permit) 9,474 88Ground rents and tees 2,998 45Interest charges 9,433 25Trespass dues 946 38

Total $140,946 68

There were forty-five timber licenses current on April 30, 192l'. being five movethan the previous year, eleven new licenses having been issued and six old licenses

cancelled or relinquished.

Estimates of timber on seven reserves were compiled in the course of the usual

administrative work and this data has been added to the record of the natural resources

of the Indians which is in course of preparation.

Forest conservation, comprising the disposal of slash, the elimination of fire-

hazards, the closer utilization of timber, the salvage of diseased, infested or fire-killed

timber and adequate forest protection was carried out on many Keserves and the

Indians encouraged in every possible way to make their lumbering operations con-

stitute the initial step toward the clearing of the land for cultivation.

Compensation to the extent of $12,500 was collected from the Granby Company,B.C., for the destruction of timber on certain reserves of the Kincolith band, due to

the action of sulphur fuinos emanating from the smelter at Anyox, and measures weretaken to ensure that the Indians of the Mattagami reserve, Ont., did not suffer anyloss owing to the flooding of the shore line of their reserve by the raising of the waterlevel due to the construction of the Kenogamisee dam by the Northern Canada PowerCompany.

As a measurre of relief to many of the Indians, and to enable them to tide over

the period of unemployment, the department waived the collection of dues on timber

cut under permit, and in one instance—Restigouchc Reserve, Que.—the departmentundertook to provide employment, by purchasing the pulpwood cut by the Indians,

with the view of holding the same until the condition of the market would warrant a

profitable sale.

Distribution of moneys which have accrued from the sales of timber during the

period of high prices, was made to several Indian bands so as to assist them to improvetheir condition, the sum of $19,050 having been expended in this manner.

SUMMARY OF INDIAN AFFAIRS IN THE VARIOUS PROVINCES BASEDON THE REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT'S AOENTS AND THEINSPECTORS FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 1922.

The local administration of the Indian lands, on the reserves scattered throughout

the Dominion, is conducted through the department's agencies, of which there are

in all 114. The number of bands included in the agency varies from one to morethan thirty. The staff of an agency usually includes various officers in addition to

the agent, such as the medical officer, clerk, farm instructor, field matron, constable,

stockman, etc., according to the special requirements of the agency in question. Atmany of the smaller agencies in the older provinces, where the Indians arc moreadvanced, the work is comparativcl,y light, requiring only the services of an agent.

The work of the agencies is supervised by the department's inspectors, each inspector

having charge of a certain number of agencies.



ONTARIO

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in tlie province of Ontario:Alnwick, Bay of Quinte, Cape Croker, Chapleau, Chippewas, Munsees, and Oneidasof the Thames, Christian Island, Fort Frances, Georgian and Snake Islands, GoldenLake, Gore Bay, Kenora, Lake Superior (Eastern and Western Divisions), Mani-towaning, Missassaguas of the Credit, Moravians of the Thames, Parry Sound, Rama,Rice and Mud Lakes, Sarnia, Saugeen, Seugog, Six Nations, Sturgeon Falls, Thessalon,

and Walpole Island.

Tribal Origin.—The great majority of the Indians of Ontario are Ojihwas, andare of Algonkin stock. The Oneidas of the Thames, the Mohawks of the Bay of

Quinte, the Mohawks of the Parry Sound district, and the Six Nations of Brantford

are of Iroquoian stock. There is a band of Pottawattamies at Walpole island, andDelawavcs at the Caradoc agency; these are of Algonkin stock.

Occupations.—The Indians in the western and central parts of Ontario engage

largely in farming. The reserves, generally, are well suited to this purpose and the

activity of the department's field agents has resulted in a steady improvement both

in the methods of operation and the results achieved. The success achieved by the

returned soldiers of this province has been especially creditable and are rai)idly

developing prosperous communities.

During the summer months Indians find a profitable source of income as guides

and canoe-men. Many are employed at various industries and trades while railway

and navigation comi^anies employ a large number. As a rule they are excellent

bushmen and many find omplojTnent in the various lumber camps. There is still anexcellent market for snowshoes, canoes and moccasins and these are usually manu-factiu-ed by the other members of the community.

The women also have many sources of income; some are employed as domestics;

others support themselves by making baskets and fancy work. In certain districts

berry-picking is an important item and furnishes considerable income.

Heitltli.—The health of the Indians of Ontario has been good during the past

year. While tuberculosis is still their worst enemy the efforts of the department for

the past decade have borne fr^iit and this disease is noticeably less than in previous

years.

Dwellings.—A great majority of the Ontario Indians liave comfortable farmhouses

which compare very favourably with those of their white neighbours. Many ownhouses of brick and stone, but in the outlying and more remote districts the old log

houses are in the majority. In the more settled districts the Indians have followed

the example of the whites and both houses and farm buildings are comfortable and of

excellent construction.

New Ontario.—In the remote parts of Ontario hunting and fishing are still the

chief sources of livelihood. While fur has been vei-y scarce the price has been

correspondingly high. Fishing, however, has not been as successful this year owingto the scarcity of the market and the low prices. Acting as guides and canoe-menduring the summer months adds considerably to their income. While agriculture

is not carried on to any extent most of the bands grow considerable crops of

potatoes and vegetables. They are, of necessity, more or less nomadic and conse-

sequently live in tents most of the year. This condition will greatly change as

civilization progresses.

Their health has been generally good, although somewhat subject to tuberculosis.

QUEBEC

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in the province of Quebec:

Becancour, Bersimis, Caugbnawaga, Lake St. Jolm, Lorette, Maria, Mingan, Oka,

River Desert, Restigouche, Seven Islands, St. Regis, Timiskaming and Viger.



Tribal Origin.—The principle tribes found in Quebec are: Iroquois at Cauglina-

waga, lake of Two Mountains, and St. R^is; the Hurons of Lorette are also of

Iroquoian stock; the Montagnais, who are also of Algonkin stock, at Bersimis,

MLngan, lake St. John, Seven Islands; the Abenakis, also of Algonkin stock, at

Becancour and St. Francis; the Micmacs, also of Algonkin stock, at Maria andEistigouehe; and the Maleeites, also of Algonkin stock, at Viger.

In the agricultural districts of the province the Indians are developing a keenerinterest in farming ojieratitins and are making a decided success. In the Gaspepeninsula the Indians lind employment in the lumber camps and mills, but on tho

north shore of the gulf lishing, hunting and trapping are still the principle sources

of income. In the northern part of the province lumbering is the chief pursuit.

One of the principle industries of the Indians of Quebec is making baskets, and manyof the Indians spend the summer months at the resorts in order to dispose of the

baskets, lacrosse sticks, racquets, moccasins, etc., to the tourists. Some of them,particularly in the Saguenay districts, act as guides and canoe-men.

Jlealth.—On the whole, the health of the Indians of Quebec has been good duringthe part year.

Dwellings.—In the older settled districts of the province the Indians own manvexcellent stone and brick houses. Generally speaking, the buildings are almost all

of good construction, comfortable and sanitary. In the more remote districts, wherehunting and trapping are still the principle occupations, the Indians necessarily live

in tents during the greater part of tlie year.

The North Shore.—Along the north shore of the gulf of St. Lawrence, the

Indians have been taking a marked interest in the fishing industry. At Mingan,Natashkwan, Eomaine, St. Augustine, and Moisie, the fishing is under depart-

mental supervision. Salmon and cod are the principal marketable fish and are a

source of considerable income to the Indians. The land is not suitable for extensive

cultivation but many of the Indians have very creditable gardens.

NEW BRUNSWICK

Agencies.—There are three agencies in the province of New Brunswick, the

Northeastern located at Buctouehe. the Northern located at Perth, and the South-

western located at Frederioton.

Tribal Origin.—The majority of the Indians of New Brunswick belong to the

Micmac race, which is of Algonkin stock. In addition to these there are some bands

of Maleeites, also of Algonkin stock.

OccupaHon-s.—In the Northeast division the Indians are mostly engaged in

fishing, hunting and trapping. Some farming is carried on, and the Indians have

rather tendetl to increase their interest in this r^ard.

The lumbering industry employs quite a large number and the Indians all

through the eastern provinces have become very proficient in the lumber camps, on

the river drives and in the mills. In the Northern division there is less farming

carried on, and the Indians during the summer months find employment generally

as day labourers. In the Southern division they support themselves chiefly by the

manufacture and sale of Indian wares.

NOVA SCOTU

Agencies.—There are nineteen Indian agencies in the province of Nova Scotia,

namely: Yarmouth, Digby, Shelburn, Queens, Lunenburg, Annapolis, Kings, Windsor,

Shubenacadie, Halifax, Cumberland, Colchester. Pictou, Antigonish-Guysboro, Rich-

mond, Inverness, Victoria, Sydney, and Eskasoni.

28 DEPARTMES T OF INDIAN AFFAIRS

13 GE0RT5E V, A. 1923

Tribal Origin.—The Indians "f Xova Scotia are of Algonkin stock, and hear the

distinctive name of Micmac.

Occupations.—They follow various occupations, but, as a rule, do not cuntine

themselves to anj' particular one. Many of them cultivate the land with indifferent

success, but as there are exceptions in almost every case, so it is with our Indians;

a few of them are succeeding very well as farmers. The majority of those living

near industrial centres usually work as day labourers. Hunting, trapping, andacting as guides for sportsmen are favourite occupations, more especially with

Indians of middle age. Basket-making, and the manufacture of fancy moccasins,

etc., are confined mostly to women. A profitable employment among Indians in a

few sections of Nova Scotia is the manufacture of hockey sticks, and they appeai

to be experts at the business.

Health and Sanitation.—The general health of Indians in this Province duringthe past year was normal. No disease of an epidemic character appeared amongthem. They suffer most from tuberculosis, which, however, seems to be less in

evidence than formerly. Sanitary regulations are very well observed by most of

them, and they begin to realize fully the importance of cleanliness and pure air as

preservers and promoters of good health.

Buildings.—With very few exceptions, Indians in Nova Scotia occupy houses

of frame construction, well finished on the outside, but unfinished inside. Everysettlement, however, has a few comfortable dwellings well finished throughout.

Other buildings owned by Indians—barns and storehouses—are mostly of frameconstruction also.

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAKD

Agency.—One agency is sufficient for the purposes of the department in this

province, as the total Indian population is only 292.

Tribal Origin.—The Indians of this province all belong to the Micmac tribe,

which is of Algonkin stock.

Occupations.—But few of the Indians of Prince Edward Island are farmers.

The principle industries are basket-making and fishing. The oyster fisheries, whichhad been a complete failure for some years, is again profitable and has added some-what to the income of the Indians.

MANITOB.i.

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in the province of Manitoba:

Fisher Eiver, Clandeboye, Norway House, Griswold, Portage la Prairie and Manito-

wapah, Pas and Birtle.

Tribal Origin.—The majority of the Indians of Manitoba belong to the Ojibwa

race, which is of Algonkin stock. Bands of Swampy Cress are fotmd at the NorwavHouse and Fisher River agencies and in the York Factory district; these are also of

Algonkin stock. The Indians located at the Griswold agency are Sioux; there are

also Sioux at the Birtle and Portage la Prairie agencies. There is a band of

Chipewayans at Fort Churchill; this tribe is of Athapascan stock.

The reserves in Manitoba suitable for extensive agriculture are mainly within

the Birtle, Griswold, and Portage la Prairie agencies. On some reserves during the

last two years the crops have not been up to the standard and the Indians have some-

what lost heart in their farming operations, but generally speaking progress has

been satisfactory.



In the northern agencies the occupations are mostly hunting and trapping, butfishing has been becoming a more and more important factor during the past fouror five years, and considerable income has been derived therefrom. While fur hasbeen scarce the price has been high and the market for fish has increased. All ofthe northern Indians are expert guides and canoe-men, and many find employmentin this way or with the transport or fur companies.

In the southern and more settled districts many of the younger people seeii

employment as day labourers, and owing to the high wages have been fairly pros-

perous. The Indian women make needle work, baskets, etc., for which there is aready market.

Health.—The health of the Indians throughout the province has been good, in

fact, the steady improvement has been very noticeable. More sanitary methods of

living and more comfortable houses and more steady incomes have tended not alittle towards this improvement. The bouses are more comfortable and of better

construction ; as a rule they are well furnished and the Indians are living in moreand more comfort. While in the north the nomadic life of the Indians does not

permit of other than the old fashioned log house, still even these arc being greatly

improved and in some cases are being replaced by suitable frame dwellings.

SASKATCHEWAN

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in the province of Saskatchewan:

Assiniboine, Battleford, Carlton, Crooked Lake, Duck Lake, Moose Mountain,

Onion Lake. Pelly, Qu'Appclle, and Touchwood Hills.

Tribal Origin.—The most numerous tribes among the Saskatchewan Indians are

the Ojibwas, Swampy Cress and Plains Cress, which all belong to the great Algonkin

stock. In addition to these, Sioux Indians are found at the Assiniboine, Moose

Mountain, Qu'Appelle and Carlton agencies, and on the Moose Woods reserve. In

the Onion Lake agency there is a band of Chipewyans, who are of Athapascan stock.

There are also a few Chipewyan Indians in the Isle a la Crosse district.

The principal occupation of the Indians of Saskatchewan is mixed farming and

stock-raising. The close supervision which the department has had over these

Indians has tended to greatly improve their method of farming and consequently

their crops and income derived from them have greatly increased. Most of the

Indians are well provided with good quality of machinery. As a rule they have

good stock and suitable houses. In the outlying districts, however, hunting and

trapping are still the main sources of income and will so remain until civilization

encroaches upon the hunting grounds.

Health.—The health of the Indians of Saskatchewan has on the whole been good

and shows some impovenient over previous years. The department has instituted

a staff of nurses, with headquarters at Eegina, which will be available for duty at

any reserve when called upon. It is hoped that by constant supervision and in-

struction that the health of the Indians will continue to show even greater improve-

ment than in the past.

Dwellings.—The dwellings of the Indians on the reserves where farming is

carried on are now mostly of frame construction. The outbuildings, however, are

generally of logs, but even there there has been some improvement.

ALBERTA

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in the province of Alberta:

Blackfoot, Blood, Edmonton. Hobbema, Peigan, Saddle Lake, Sarcee, Stony, and

Lesser Slave Lake.

30 DEPARTMEST OF INDIAN AFFAIRS


Tribal Origin.—The Alberta Indians are of Algoukin stock, with tlie exception

of the Sarcees near Calgary and the Beavers and Slaves in the Lesser Slave Lakeagency, who are Athapascan, and the Paul's band in the Edmonton agency, who are

Iroquoian, and the Stonies, who are of Siouan stock. The Algonkin Indians of

Alberta are subdivided into Blackfoot nation, comprising the Indians of the Black-foot, Blood and Peigan agencies. Plain Crees found in the Lesser Slave Lake, SaddloLake, and Ilobbema agencies, and a band of Ojibbewas at Moberly Lake, in the

Lesser Slave Lake agency.

The principal occupations of the Indians of Alberta are farming and stock-raising. Almost all the reserves in the settled districts of the province have largeherds of horses and cattle.

In the northern parts of the province hunting and trapping are still almost thesole sources of income; there is practically no farming carried on and the con-struction of steamers on the Peace and Athabasca rivers, and of the railways toPeace River Crossing and Fort MeMurray have greatly lessened the wages of theIndians with the trading companies and transports. However, the price of fur hasbeen even higher than in past years.

Buildings in the Southern Part of the Province.—The dwellings and farmbuildings are of excellent construction and quality. Almost all the reserves whereextensive farming is carried on boast on up-to-date modern dwellings, comfortableand well constructed. In the north the nomadic mode of the habits forces them to

live under canvas or in tepees during the greater part of the year.

BRITISH COLUMBU

Agencies.—The following agencies are included in the province of British

Columbia : Babine and Upper Skenna, Bella Coola, Cowichan, Kamloops, Kootenay,Kwawkewlth, Lytton, Nass, New Westminster, Okanagan. Queen Charlotte, Stikine,

Stuart Lake, "West Coast, Williams Lake and Skeena River.

Trihal Origin.—The Indians of the Bella Coola, Cowichen, Kamloops, Lytton,

!N^ew Westminster, and Okanagan agencies belong to the Salish tribe. The Kootenaytribe is located in the agency of the same name. The Kwakiutl-Xootka tribe is

located at the Kwawkewlth and West Coast agencies: the Haidas, in the QueenCharlotte islands; the Tlingits, in the Stikine; and the Tsimshians, in the Naasagency. The Indians of the Babine, Stuart Lake and Williams Lake agencies belong

to the Athapascan race.

In addition to these there are about 3,000 nomadic Indians in the province whjcannot be correctly classified according to linguistic stock or tribal origin.

Occupations.—The occupations of the Indians of British Columbia vary with

their habitat. The Indians situated along the coast earn their livelihood principally

by fishing. In many instances they own their own motor-launches, nets and gear,

while others are supplied by the various canneries. Many of the woment are also

employed in the canneries or in the hop fields, and make a very steady income.

The Indians of the Queen Charlotte islands own and operate their own small

plant for rendering the oolachan or candle fish. In the inland parts of the province

some farming operations are carried on and particularly in the irrigated districts

grain, fruits of all kinds, and vegetables have been raised with siiceess.

These Indians have been making marked progress in this regard and are nowwell equipped with modern machinery.

The Kootenay, Kamloops, Okanagan and New Westminster Indians own large

herds of horses and cattle. "While the Indians in the northern and remote parts of

the province still depend upon hunting and trapping for their livelihood, the agents

report a marked improvement in their manner of living.

REPORT OF THL SUPERINTENDENT-GEXERAL 31


Dwellings.—Except for the more remote districts the Indians have built com-

fortable and modern dwellings and outbuildings. Their progress in this respect has

been perhaps more rapid than any other Indians of the Dominion.

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES

Agencies.—The department has only two agencies in the Jforthwest Territories,

one being located at Fort Simpson, and the other at Fort Smith.

Tribal Origin.—The principal tribes found in the Far North are the Slaves,

Hares, Loucheux, Seeanies, Dogribs, Yellow-knives, Chipewyans and Caribou Eaters.

All these tribes are of Athapascan stock. There are a few Crees in the neighbour-

hood of Chipewyan. These are of Algonkin stock. The most northely tribes are the

Tukudah. who extend to the Mackenzie Delta, and the Copper Mines, who are located

along the Coppermine river. The territory occupied by these two last-mentioned

tribes is contiguous to that inhabited by the Eskimos.

These Indians depend entirely upon hunting and trapping for a livelihood. Thedepartment last year has made a treaty with the Indians along the Mackenzie river

thus bringing under the supervision of the Dominion Government practically the

only Indians Canada with whom treaty had not been made.

Occupations.—A few have been induced to raise small plots of potatoes. They

own no horses or cattle, transportation being almost entirely by canoe along the

great waterways, or by dogs in winter. They catch and preserve large quantities of

whitefish for their own use and for consumption by their dog-trains in winter.

Health.—Tuberculosis and scrofula are the diseases most prevalent among the

Indians of the north. As they are forced to move from place to place their

methods of living are primitive and the lack of vegetbles is a source of menace to

their health;

however, conditions are greatly improving.

YUKOX

Tribal Origin.—The Forty Mile, Blackstone, and Moosehide bands belong to the

Takudh tribe. There is a band of Slavies at Lancing Creek who migrated from Fort

Grood Hope, on the Mackenzie river; another band of Slavies, called Nahanies, is

located at the headwaters of the Pelly river. All these Indians are of Athapasca"

.'tpck. At Mayo, Selkirk, Little Salmon and Carrnacks thefe are bands belonging t )

the tribe known as Stick Indians. Bands belonging to the Tlinjit tribe are found

at AVJiiti'horse, Teslin Lake, Champagne Landing, and Carcross.

Occupations.—Hunting, trapping and fishing are the chief occupations of the

Yukon Indians, and they have been fairly successful during the past year. The

women also derive some revenue from the sale of moccasins and curios of various

kinds, while the men are expert at making toboggans and snowshoes. Practically no

farming is carried on owing to climatic conditions, but some of the Indians cultivate

patches of potatoes and other vegetables.^

Health.—The general health of the Indians has been good. No epidemics have

been reported and although improvement in sanitary conditions is necessarily slow

owing to the remoteness of the district, some improvement has been noticed.

FINANCIAL

At the ckse of the twelve months ended March 31, 1922, the capital of the

Indian Trust Fund, which at the end of the preceding year amounted to $11,458,-

560.99, had decreased to $11,402,577.43.



The amniints expended from the Consolidated Revenue Fund were as follows:

voted by Parhament for the purposes of the department, $2,756,275.47, and annuities

by statute, $191,834.

On March 31 last, the balance to tlie credit of the Indian Savings Account for

the funding of the annuities and earning of pupils at industrial schools was

$127,829.66. Deposits and interest during the twelve months aggregated $45,867.53

and withdrawals $30,241.23.

GENERAL

The Indians of Canada, as such, have had a comparatively normal year.

In common with other sections of the community, the Indians have felt ths

effects of the industrial depression aiid low prices of agricultural products, whichhave inevitably reduced their earnings and proceeds of their farming operations.

The hun'ting Indians, however, have enjoyed an exceptionally good year, their incomefrom the sale of the skins having doubled, being $1,624,494, as compared with $860,494

last year.

The Indian population is fairly stable at about one hundred thousand, although

census statistics over a long period show a slight increase from year to year, dispel-

ling the popular misconception that they are dying out.

The record of the Indians in the <^eat war should give the public a better under-standing of the sterling qualities of the race. An interesting article on this subject

appeared in the report of the department for 1919.

In part II. which follows herewith, will be found statistics with regard to Census

;

Grain, Vegetable and Root Production; Land, Private and Public Buildings andProperty; Live Stock and Poultry, General Effects; Value of Real and PersonalProperty and Progress during year; Sources and Value of Income; Schools; IndianLand; Civil Government; Appropriation Accounts, and Indian Trust "Fund.

I have the honour to be, sir,

Tour obrdient servant,

DUNCAN C. SCOTT,Deputy Superintendent General of Indian Affairs.


PART II

TABULAR STATEMENTS

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36 DEPARTMENT OF IWDIAN AFFAIRS

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VALUE OF REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY 51


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VALUE OF REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY


H.

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20,699

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103,223 376.710

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SOURCES AND VALUE OF INCOME 55


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56 DEPARTMENT OF IXDIAN AFFAIRS


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60 DEPARTMENT OF IXDIAN AFFAIRS


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SCHOOL STATEMENT 69


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SCHOOL STATEMENT


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SUMMARY OF

1 rovinc©

Class ofSchools Total

Numberof

Schools

Denominations

Day

a c

iS 1Indus-

1trial

Unde-nomina-tional

RomanCatholic

Churchof

England

Metho-dist

Presby-terian

Salva-tionArmy

14

211

31

80372064

423

14

211

31

91

4632257

584

142

11

1826•10

11

13

417

Prince Edward Island

7362I

4182215

7

315

4

2

1091

S

7811

18

3

7

1

4

1

1

1

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1

34

5 17 3 1

Total 250 55 16 321 51 126 88 44 11 1

Note.—All boys at industrial schools are taught farming, and all girls, sewing, knitting and general household duties.

SCHOOL STATEMENT 73


SCHOOL STATEMENT

Number on Roll StandardAverage Percent-Attend- age ofanco Attend- Provinco

Boys Girls Total ance I II III IV V VI

136 140 276 128 46-38 166 49 29 18 9 5 Nova Scotia.17 21 38 18 47-37 19 7 5 5 2 Prince Edward Island.

146 132 278 177 63-63 102 71 4S 45 11 1 New Brunswick.761 778 1,539 956 62-12 714 378 195 138 66 48 Quebec.

1.933 1.692 3,625 2,384 65-77 1,667 598 618 432 246 64 Ontario.905 899 1,804 1,178 65-30 898 329 239 170 99 69 Manitoba.714 730 1,444 1,039 71-95 656 254 227 174 68 65 Saskatchewan.588 615 1,203 916 76-14 578 222 208 127 55 13 Alberta.80 121 201 162 80-60 77 42 29 47 6 Northwest Territories.

1.276 1,229 2,505 1,646 65-71 968 512 479 328 163 55 British Columbia.49 59 108 64 59-26 72 27 4 4 1 Yukon.

6.605 6.416 13,021 8,664 66-46 5,917 2,489 2,081 1.488 726 320



INDIAN LAND STATEMENT

SiiowiXG the Number of Acres of Indian Lands sold during the year ended March 31,

19^22, the total amount of purchase money realized and the quantity of landunsold at that date.

ONTARIO

Town or TownshipCounty

orDistrict

Numberof AcresSold

Amountof

Sale

Numberof AcresUnsold

AlbemarleEastnor . . .

.

LindsaySt. EdmundBur}' (tomi plot)

Oliphant (town plot)Southampton (town plot)Wiarton (town plot)Islands off iSaugeen PeninsulaWhite Cloud IslandThessalonThessalon {town plot)ArchibaldDennisHerrickHavillandKarsApaquosh (town plot)LairdVaukoughnetKehoeFenwickCobdenLeyFisherFisher (town plot)TilleyTupperAssiginackBidwellCampbellCamarx'onHowlandSheguiandahSheguiandah (town plot)Manitowaning (town plot)TehkummahSandfieldShaftesburj' (town plot)Tolsmaville (town plot)AllanWest Bay Resen-eBillingsBurpeeBarrie IslandGordonGore Bay (town plot)MillsCockbum IslandDawsonRobinsonSouth BajTnouth (town plot)Meldrum (town plot)

CajTigaCajniga (town plot)DunnCaledonia (town plot)

Shannonville (town plot)

ThurlowDeseronto (town plot)

TyendinagaBedfordIslands in River St. Lawrence.

.

Islands in Georgian Bay

Bruce.Acres cts,

Grey. .

,

Algoma 4-45 89 00

129-50

281 00

Manitoulin. 193 00

47 00

447 00

500180 00

I85-93

100 00270 00

Haldimand.

Hastings. 25

FrontenacProv. Ontario. 5-52

27-40

40 28

161 00

62 00

9 40

175 40

252 00100 00

1 00

20 00130 00

70 00

640 00822 SO

Acres100-00358 00589-00206-00161-9540-002008-05

163-557-00

197-2411-80

190-00718-00

10003,586-00800-00

14,337-001,893-50370-21263-0080-00141-90

540-50

2-00361-00962-00750-00

2322

l..-i38

S38

1,002282

8,244112

972

532

13

8,5425,4879,500

1337610033

1,54850

1304

380208

1,163 islands andislets.

INDIAN LAND STATEMENT 75

SESSIONAL. PAPER No. 14

INDIAN LAND STATEMENT—Con^inwerf

SiiowiXG the Number of Acres of Indian Lands sold during the year ended March 31,

19Si'2, the total amount of purchase money realized and the quantity of landunsold at that date

—

Continued.

ONTAmo—Concluded


orDistrict

Numberof AcresSold

Amountof

Sale


Remarks

Wild Land Reserve Rainy RiverAcres520-4097-50

$ ct.s.

1,418 90877 50

Acres5,941 90412-69251-43

15,347-4223,901-585,936-30

Beaucasc Nipissing 320-00 1,448 00

IVdloyPeterborough

644-2120-4715-53

1,871 00252 00

2,000 00Xci'bing Thunder Bay

3,494-16 10,430 98 116.125-76

SASKATCHEWAN

Last Mountain \ 1,207-50

106-28638-50

1,463-4019-5811-85

618-303,343-86

320-003,381-331,136-206,755-23336-59571-00375-74

3-113,776-50

Lake Kesorve No. 80 A /Lakpview (town plot)Assiniboine Reserve

20-27 9,115 00

Kylcmorc (town plot)Lestork (town plot)

u51 100 00

.Swan Lake Reser\'e (7 A)Moosomin 160-00 1,440 00

Moosomin jind Thunderchild. . .

.

Grizzly Boar Xos. 110 and 111...

Muscoweiiuan Reserve

Keesockoosc Reserve

West Siisk 480-00

128-00152-00

5,600 00

1,208 00800 00

Kamsark (town plot)

554-00 2,490 00

1,494-78 20,753 00 24,064-97

ALBERTA

North Alberta 1,759-86456-13342-30

2,639-421,076-00235-81342-00

9,456-616,650-0010,442-00

Louis Bull Reserve

'* « 415-24 5,942 88

Duffield (to«Ti plot)11

Saroce ReserveII

415-24 5,942 88 33,400-13

MANITOBA

160-00731-77968-06

NeepawaLong Plain ReserveSwan Lake Reserve

Portage la Prairie

.

It

103-523-45

2,070 40150 00

106-97 2,220 40 1,859-83



INDIAN LAND STATEMENT—C'o;ic?«de</

Showing the Number of Acres of Indian Lands sold during the year ended March 31,19i22, the total amount of purchase money realized and the quantity of land

unsold at that date

—

Concluded.

NEW BRUNSWICK


orDistrict

Numberof AcresSold

Amountof

Sale


Remarks

TobiqueAcres $ cts. Acres

283 002,493-00Tabusintac Northumberland

.

Victoria107 00506

202 50538 05

11206 740 55 2,776-00

BRITISH COLUMBIA

Scowlitz Reserve No. 1

Campbell River Rpser\-e No. 2

.

Deadmans Creek ReserveOkanagan Reserve No. 1

Skwawkum Creek Reserve No. 3Harrison River BandSonghees ReserveSlosh or Shalath Reserve No. 1

.

Ruby Creek Reserve No. 2Port Langley Reserve No. 2

Esquimau

New WestminsterVancouver IslandKamloopsYalejNewWestminster

EsquimaltLillooetYaleNew WestminsterEsquimalt

2-00 200 0090 00 13,500 0048-23 1,446 9017-70 177 0013-33 333 25

109 1,471 506-20 150 SO

54 150 001-90 380 0023 310 50

181-22 18,119 65

QUEBEC

Ouiatchowan ,

Dundee ,

Maniwaki (town plot)Timiskaming

,

Quarante Arpents

Lake St. John.HuntingdonOttawaTimiskaming.

.

Laprairie

3,917-144,057-74

39-611,728-59

19-00

9,762-08

General Eem.\rks

The land sold during the year amounted to 5,804.43 acres, which realized.

$58,207.46. The quantity of surrendered land in the hands of the department was

approximately 187,988.70 acres. The principal outstanding, on account of Indian

lands sold amounted to $2,070,929.10, a considerable portion of which has not yet

become due.

APPROPRIATION ACCOUNTS 77


CIVIL GOVERNMENT, 1921-22

GrantVote Grant Expendi- not Grant

ture used exceeded

S cts. $ cts. $ cts. $ cts.

148,040 00 141,090 26 6,949 GO19,000 00 16,076 36 2,923 00

9,873 38

167,040 00 157,166 62 9,873 00 9,873 38

APPROPEIATION ACCOUNTS, 1921-22

Grant Expendi-ture

Grantnot used

Grantexceeded

Ontario and Quebec—Rclipf

$ cts

66,718 0073,717 0012,700 00

'^ noo 00

$ cts.

68,477 8976,764 53

10,890 54

$ cts. S cts.

1,759 893,047 53

2 04

1,809 463,000 00

Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Xorthwest Terri-tories—

Live stock

156, 135 00 156, 132 96 4,809 46 4,809 46

5, 190 009,013 002,150 00

177,527 00111,4.50 00

3,.540 0011,000 00

8,145 005,750 00

304,645 00

4,722 31

8,713 33

2,777 26

154,371 90

140,096 10

4, 133 727 65

9, 225 379,716 61

304,643 16

407 69299 67

23,155 10

627 26

28,646 10

593 72

1,081 373,966 61

1 59

10,992 35

MillsGeneral expenses 1 84

British Columbia—638,410 00 638.408 41 34,916 65 34,916 65

68, 130 0035,000 00

8,450 0073,200 0025,000 0026,660 005,000 00

67,792 18

31,037 825,711 34

88,210 43

21,109 2626,786 21

754 50

337 823,962 18

2,738 6615,010 43

126 21

38 26

Relief

Medical3,890 74

Surveys 4.245 50

Annuities—Treaty 9 1

241,440 00 241,401 74 15,174 90 15,174 90

205,290 00

1.56 0010.000 00

181,678 001 13,4.56 00

J

13,456 OO

Robinson Treaty\

Man., Sask., Alia, and N.W.T J

205,290 00 191,834 00 13,456 00 13,456 00



APriiOPKlATION ACCOUNTS, 1921-22—Con.

Vote Grant Expenditure Grant notused

Grantexceeded

Prince Edward Island—S cts.

1.160 OO1.875 001.350 00250 00300 00

S cts.

1.040 002.208 681..501 92

181 55

$ cts.

120 00

t cts.

333 68151 92

2 85

68 4530O 00

Nona Scotia—4,935 00 4,932 15 488 45 488 45

6,240 0011,000 006,000 00

25,300 001,000 00600 00

4,929 17

27,615 16

10,400 974,476 401,688 581.026 12

1,310 83

10.615 164.400 97

688 58426 12

3 60

Relief

20,823 60

Xew Brunswick—50, 140 00 50, 136 40 22, 134 43 22,134 43

3,184 0018,000 005,300 00850 00450 00

1,000 00

3,196 2217.358 12

5. 782 261,380 95

14 001,052 17

12 22

482 26530 95

52 17

28

Relief 641 88

Repairs to roads 436 00

Yukon—Relief, medical attendance and medicine

28,784 00 28,783 72 1,077 88 1,077 88

11,000 004,000 00

10.212 10

3,348 50787 90651 50

1.439 40

General—Surrender of land

15,000 00 13,560 60 1,439 40 1,439 40

50,000 00115,000 0018,000 005,000 003,000 00

39,000 003,000 0015,000 001,500 00

10,000 00

50,000 0039,721 472,605 682,997 84

1,226 02

406 44

5,713 8922

Relief 154,721 4720,605 687,997 843.000 00

40,226 02

1,627 6915,406 44

200 7515,713 89

TuberculosisPrinting and stationeryAssist. Acct. 310

1,.372 31

Registration FeesLegal expenses

1.299 25

Indian Education

259,500 00 259.499 78 52.671 56 52,671 56

1,363,420 45 1,363,419 71 74

Bonus Vote 367 98,122 814,512 504,546 24

1,743 32Retirement Act. 1920Gratuities Act, 1918, Sec. 30

APPROPRIATION ACCOUNTS 79


RECAPITULATION—APPEOPRIATIOX ACCOUNTS, 1921-22

Vote Grant Expendi- Grant Grantture not used exceeded

$ cts. $ cts. $ cts. $ cts.

167.040 00 157, 166 62 9,873 38Annuities 205,290 00 191,834 00 13,456 00

4,935 00 4,932 15 2 85SO, 140 00 50. 136 40 3 60

New Brunswick 28,784 00 28,783 72 281.56, 135 00 156, 132 96 2 04

Manitoba, Sask., Alta. and N.W.T 6.38,410 00 638,408 41 1 59241,440 00 241,401 74 38 2615,000 00 13..560 60 1,439 40

General 259,500 00 2,59,499 78 221,363,420 45 1,363.419 71 74

Total 3,130,094 45 3,105,276 09 24,818 36

INDIAN TRUST FUND

Showing transaction in connection with the Fund during the j-ear ended March 31,

1922.

Service Debit Credit

$ cts. $ cts.

Balance March 31, 1921 $11,458,660 99Collections on land sales, timber and stone dues, rents.

689,271 91

Interest for year ending March 31. 1922 583,831 493,000 00

Outstanding cheques, 1919-20 211 0310,365 00

Expenditures during the year $ 1,340,730 482,032 51

Balanoe March 31, 1922 11.402,577 43

$12,745,340 42 $12,745,340 42

Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, for the year ......13GEORGEV SESSIONALPAPERNo.14...

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Transcript of Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, for the year ......13GEORGEV SESSIONALPAPERNo.14...