Anna Hazare(1)

7/31/2019 Anna Hazare(1)

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Anna Hazare and Anti-Corruption

Movement

Submitted by

Chandni Khundia (F-108)

Rohit Kumar Chaudhari (F-109)

Chitrang Desai (F – 110)

Debprakash Das (F -111)



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Answer 1

The word Lokpal was coined in 1963 by L.M.Singhvi, a Member of Parliament during

a debate in Parliament about grievance redressal mechanisms. The Lokpal Bill was

introduced by Shanti Bhushan in 1968 and passed the 4th Lok Sabha in 1969. But before it could be passed by Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha was dissolved and the bill

lapsed. There were total ten attempts in 42 years of time, but the bill was not made

into the law.

History of Lokpal Bill

In 2011, Hazare initiated a Satyagraha (Fasting for a nobel cause) movement for

passing a stronger anti-corruption Lokpal (ombudsman) bill in the Indian

Parliament as conceived in the Jan Lokpal Bill (People's Ombudsman Bill). The bill is

In 1968, MrsIndira Gandhi

and ShantiBhushan had

proposedLokpal Bill in

parliament but was lapsed.Sheintroduced in

1971 alsowhich was a

futile attempt.

In 1977, thisattempt was

made byMorarji Desai

which wasagain futilebecause of

dissolution of Lok Sabha

In 1985 , RajivGandhi

attempted but again the same

issue of dissolutionhaunted.In

1989 ,V.P.Singh hadproposed thebill but latertaken back.

In 1996,DeveGowda

government taken up theissue but nodecision wastaken until

dissolution of Lok Sabha

In 1998 and2001,

A.B.Vajpayeehad taken the

issue of Lokpal,but the

situation wasnot changed.

There weretwo attemptsby Congress

government in2005 and

2008.Nothingwas done toLokpal Billuntil now.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satyagraha

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Lokpal_Bill

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satyagraha



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for a stronger anti-corruption bill with stronger penal actions and more

independence to the ombudsmen in the states. He started hunger strike when the

demand was rejected by Indian government. The movement attracted attention in

the media, millions of supporters inside and outside of India, and also identified one

of popular movements in India after independence. People have shown support in

Internet social media such as Twitter and Facebook. Online Signature Campaignslike avaaz got more than 10 lakh signatures in just 36 hours. The middle class

people and the youth power participated voluntarily in this movement. The demand

was propagated as a nation-wide general demand against corruption. In this

movement he was arrested and didn’t compromise with his ideology

of nonviolence by protesting against violent movement of his supporters.

The resolution, in principle, agreed on the following subjects and forwarded the Bill

to related standing committee for structure and finalise a report.

A citizen charter on the bill

An appropriate mechanism to subject lower bureaucracy to lokpal

The establishment of Lokayuktas (ombudsmen at state level) in states

Anna Hazare, civil rights activists along with protestors at site of the fast welcomed

this development on being informed, terming it as a battle "half won" while ending

the protest.

He became from a well-acclaimed social activist to the most powerful influencer

and visionary leader of modern India.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook

http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=171946026193959&comments

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolence

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Hazare



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolence

http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=171946026193959&comments

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter



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Lokpal Bill Movement

Hunger Strike inDelhi

•Hazare began hid Indefinite Fast on 5th April at Jantar Mantar in Delhi to press for

the demand to from a joint committtee of the representatives of teh Government and the civil society to draft a stronger anti-corruption bill .

End of HungerStrike after

meeting demands

•On Apr 8th 2011 , Govt of India accepted all demands of the movement.On themorning of 9th Apr 2011 Hazare ended his 98 -hour hunger strike and said if thebill does not pass he will call for a mass nation-wide agitation.

Differences withthe government on

draft bill

•Anna Hazare and other civil society members decided to boycott the meeting of the joint Lokpal Bill committee in protest against forcible eviction of Swami

Ramdev and his followers by the Delhi Police from Ramlila Maidan on 5th June2011.

Indefinite Fast

•On 28th July 2011 the union cabinet approved a draft of the Lokpal Bill,whichkeeps the PM,judiciary and lower bureaucracy out of the ambit of the proposedLokpal.Hazare rejected the govt version by describing it as "cruel joke"

Arrest andAftermath

•On 16th August 2011,Hazare was arrested four hours before the plannedindefinite hunger strike.Afetr his arrest,Hazare reciieved support from people

across the country.There were nearly 570 demonstrations ans protests.

Fast at RamlilaMaidan,New Delhi

•On 20th Aug 2011 thousands came to the Ramlila Maidan in New Delhi to showtheir support to Hazare. "I am Anna" spirit was flowing in the blood of people.Thefast continued for almost 288 hours.

A triumphant moment

•On 27 August 2011, a special and all exclusive session of Parliament was

conducted and a resolution was unanimously passed after deliberations in boththe houses of Indian Parliament by sense of the house.



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Answer 2

The Jan Lokpal Bill (Citizen's ombudsman Bill) is a draft anti-corruption bill drawn up by

prominent civil society activists seeking the appointment of a Jan Lokpal, an independent

body that would investigate corruption cases, complete the investigation within a year and

envisages trial in the case getting over in the next one year.

On the other hand, the government has also drafted its own version of the Lokpal Bill. It is

also an effort to rein in the pervasive corruption in public life, was first mooted in the late

60s, However, it failed to become law despite successive attempts.

The Jan Lokpal Bill and Lokpal Bill differ on various fronts. We have listed down the major

issues, taking into consideration the ethical, economic and legal implications of each of them

Issues

Suo Moto Action

Details ImplicationsEconomic Legal Ethical

Jan Lokpal

Bill

Lokpal will

receive

complaints of

corruption

from the

general public

Costly Lokpal will

have strong

legal powers

Lokpal’sintegrity is a

major concern

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Lokpal can

only probe

complaintsforwarded by

the Speaker of

the Lok Sabha

or the

Chairman of

the Rajya

Sabha

Less Costly Lokpal will not

have any legal

powers

Lokpal’s

integrity is

important but since they are

not

empowered, it

becomes

irrelevant to

an extent

Initiate

Prosecution

Details Implications

Economic Legal EthicalJan Lokpal

Bill

Lokpal will

have the

power to

initiate

prosecution of

anyone found

guilty

Costly and

time-

consuming

Lokpal will

have strong

legal powers

Lokpal’s

integrity is a

major concern



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Version) unconnected such

Severity of

Punishment


Economic Legal Ethical

Jan LokpalBill

Punishmentswill be a

minimum of

10 years and a

maximum of

up to life

imprisonment

NA Since such asevere

punishment

would be

legally

permitted, it

might have

serious

repercussions

Punishment isvery severe

and hence,

questionable

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Punishment

for corruption

will be a

minimum of 6

months and a

maximum of

up to 7 years

NA NA Punishment is

not that severe

We have also listed down some other issues. We have analyzed them from economic, legal

and ethical angles (Y – Appropriate, N – Inappropriate, NA – Not Applicable)

Inclusion of

PrimeMinister



Jan Lokpal

Bill

PM can be

investigated

with

permission of

seven member

Lokpal bench

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

PM can be

investigated

by Lokpal after

she/he vacatesoffice

Y N N

Judiciary Details Implications


Jan Lokpal Can be Y Y Y



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Bill investigated,

though high

level members

may be

investigated

only withpermission of

a seven

member

Lokpal bench

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Judiciary is

exempt and

will be

covered by a

separate

"judicial

accountabilitybill"

Y N N

Conduct of

MPs



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Can be

investigated

with

permission of

seven member

Lokpal bench

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Can be

investigated,

but their

conduct within

Parliament,

such as voting,

cannot be

investigated

Y N N

Lower

Bureaucracy



Jan Lokpal

Bill

All public

servants

would be

included

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill Only senior Y N N



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(Government

Version)

officers (Group

A) will be

covered

CBI Details ImplicationsEconomic Legal Ethical

Jan Lokpal

Bill

The Anti-

corruption

wing of the CBI

will be merged

into the Lokpal

Y N N

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

The Anti-

corruption

wing of the CBI

not be merged

into the Lokpal

Y N N

Removal of

Lokpal

members and

Chair



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Any person

can bring a

complaint tothe Supreme

Court, who can

then

recommend

removal of any

member to the

President

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Any

"aggrieved

party" can

raise a

complaint to

the President,

who will refer

the matter to

the CJI

N N N



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Removal of

Lokpal staff

and officers



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Complaints

against Lokpal

staff will behandled by

independent

boards set-up

in each state

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Lokpal will

conduct

inquiries into

its own

behaviour

Y N N

Lokayukta Details Implications


Jan Lokpal

Bill

Lokayukta and

other

local/state

anti-

corruptionagency would

remain in place

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

All state anti-

corruption

agencies would

be closed and

responsibilities

taken over by

centralised

Lokpal

Y N N

Whistleblower

protection



Jan Lokpal Bill Whistleblowers

are protected

by Lokpal

Y Y Y



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Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

No protection

granted to

whistleblowers

by Lokpal

Mahima

Y N N

Punishment

for

Corruption



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Lokpal can

either directly

impose

penalties, or

refer the

matter to the

courts

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Lokpal can

only refer

matters to the

courts, not

take any direct

punitive

actions by

Lokpal

Mahima

Y N N

Investigatory

Powers



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Lokpal can

obtain

wiretaps, issue

rogatory

letters, and

recruit

investigating

officers

Y Y N

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Lokpal can

issue

contempt

orders, and

has the ability

to punish

those in

Y N N



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contempt

False,

frivolous and

vexatiouscomplaints



Jan Lokpal

Bill

Lokpal can

issue fines for

frivolous

complaints

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill

(Government

Version)

Court system

will handle

matters of

frivolous

complaints

Y N N

NGOs Details Implications


Jan Lokpal

Bill

NGOs not

within the

scope due to

their role in

exposing

corruption

Y Y Y

Lokpal Bill(Government

Version)

NGOs arewithin the

scope and can

be

investigated

Y N N

From the above analysis, we clearly see that if we draw a Venn diagram taking into

consideration the legal, economic and ethical fronts, we have –



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We can clearly see that even though the Jan Lokpal Bill might be economically a difficult

step, it is very much viable from legal and ethical perspectives.

On the other hand, Lokpal Bill might be economically viable but it losses ground on the

other two grounds.

Since corruption is what we are fighting against, the extra cost is certainly justified.

Legal

Ethical

Economic

JanLokpal

Bill

LokpalBill



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Answer 3

Dharma-Danda

Dharma is kshatrasya kshatram - controller of leader . Hinduism describes dharma

as the natural universal laws whose observance enables humans to be contentedand happy, and to save himself from degradation and suffering. Dharma is the moral

law combined with spiritual discipline that guides one's life. Hindus consider

dharma the very foundation of life. It means "that which holds" the people of this

world and the whole creation. Dharma is the "law of being" without which things

cannot exist.

Dharma is knowledge of rights and responsibilities in different stages and station of

life - sadharna- dharma ,varna- dharma, ashrama-dharma, svadharma. etc.

Anna’s leadership can be analyzed with reference to the above mentioned Dharmas.

Varna Dharma means doing properly what one is supposed to do as per his varna.

If we trace back Anna’s role in the social sphere, it’s quite evident that after serving

successfully in the Indian Army, Anna has worked as a Social Activist. As per the

conventional definition Social Activism entails the use of direct, often

confrontational action, such as a demonstration or strike, in opposition to or

support of a cause. Thus, Anna has performed his Varna Dharma effectively by

serving the society as performing his duties as a social activist.

Also, Anna, while contributing to the betterment of governance and people, has

successfully followed the Grhasta Ashrama Dharma.

Along with these, Anna leadership style exhibits his Dharma as Duty &

Responsibility, Dharma as service to community, and Dharma as Self-

Expression.

Anna Hazare wants to build India into a strong, powerful nation. Narratives of war,

army and enemy remain the core references in much of the discourse on nation and

rural development. Here, expressions like ‘national regeneration’, ‘wholesome crop

of national glory t hrough comprehensive rural development’ are coupled with

others like ‘We have to hold the nation. The concept of morality and subsequent codes/behaviours/practices based on it are important elements in the notion of

development. Anna’s concern with the moral is couched in his discourse of the

nation that exercise control over the private and the public, the personal and the

political.

In Ralegan, there are a few Mahars, Chamars, Matangs, Nhavi, Bharhadi and Sutars.

Since the beginning of his work, Anna has been particularly emphasising the



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removal of untouchability and discrimination on caste basis meted out to people,

who are popularly referred to as Harijans here. The concept of ‘village as a joint

family’, or all inhabitants of the village as ‘almighty God’, has prompted the villagers

to pay attention to the problems of Harijans. The integration of Dalits into an ideal

village has two components in Ralegan. One is to assume that they were always

there to perform some duties and necessary services and that their usefulnessjustifies their existence in the present. The other component is hegemonic, designed

to get Dalits into a brahaminical fold. It is not only manifested in the way food or

dress habits are propagated; it is prevalent in several other forms.

Purohita – Kshatriya

Between about 900 and 700 BC the Brahmanas were written in prose as sacerdotal

commentaries on the four Vedas to guide the practices of the sacrifices and give

explanations often mythical and fanciful for these customs. Nevertheless they do

give us information about the social customs of this period and serve as a transitionfrom the Vedas to the Aranyakas and the mystical Upanishads.

The caste system based on color (varna) was now established, though not as rigidly

as it became later. The essential difference was between the light-skinned Aryans,

who made up the top three castes of the priestly Brahmins, warrior Kshatriyas, and

artisan Vaishyas, and the dark-skinned Dasas, who were the servant Sudras.

Each village was administered by a Gramani, a Vaisya who functioned like a mayor

with civil rather than military authority. The Gramani and the royal

charioteer (Suta) were considered the kingmakers.

The royal priest or Purohito was also supposed to advise the king in peace and

protect him in war. Purohita is the abhigantr which means that he is the knower and

knows the information. The leader is kartr who is the executer.

This goes to show that any leader has to be a Purohit and a Kshatriya, since knowing

only facts and information is not sufficient and it has to be put in practice also.

For example Anna Hazare had access to the information that there is widespread

corruption and mismanagement in the country and officials aren’t doing their

designated job. However knowing only that and not doing anything regarding it isn’t sufficient to weed out the problem. Knowledge in isolation doesn’t bring about

change; response to the information at hand is needed.

This response can be suggested and executed by donning the hat of a Kshatriya.

Since Kshatriya is responsible for planning and execution it becomes paramount to



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design a detailed strategy for the actions and changes. Once the knowledge is

assimilated it becomes important to disseminate it in form of actions.

Inner Sage – Outer King

As per this Vedic Ethos of Leadership, the highest ideal in leadership is to possess

the virtues of both – the sage and the king.

The sage knows and does the right thing with such ease that he does not have to

think about it.

The sage is like a trained and skillful dancer who takes the appropriate steps

spontaneously and gracefully but without the conscious effort to avoid mistakes that

was needed during the period of his training. The sage practices morality with the

effortless effort of a top-flight dancer. It occurs naturally for him.

A Hindu king, according to the Artha, must be energetically active in performing his

duties in order to inspire his subjects. A king must be “born of a high family [and]

religious” as well as valorous, dexterous, and agile. A king should also possess

profound knowledge and be “endowed with strong memory, cogitative faculty, and

physical strength”. “Inquiry, study, perception, retention, analytical knowledge,

critical acumen, and keenness for the realization of reality are the qualities of the

king’s intellect”. Most importantly, a king should be “free from passion, anger,

greed, obstinacy, fickleness, heat, and calumny”. Nevertheless, even though a king

must be free from greed, he should “act up to the precepts of the science of material

gain”, since material prosperity is evidence of successful works.

Anna’s leadership combines the virtues of both the sage and the king. Anna’s

leadership style is transformational in nature. When he started his hunger strike in

Delhi, the Indian capital, he had a vision. The vision was to implement Jan Lokpal

Bill; the anti-corruption bill he thinks can help to eradicate corruption from India.

He possesses high confidence and belief in his abilities to make this happen. He

inspires and energizes most of the Indian people, especially youngsters to help them

to understand it is worthy and meaningful war to fight in a peaceful way.

From day 1 he was continuously communicating his vision. Now if we analyze the

movement, we can observe that following are the leadership traits exuded by Anna:

Honesty or integrity

A high level of people skills

Initiative, assertiveness, drive, or determination



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Excellent communication skills or willingness to speak up, take a position,

or take charge

Vision (being forward-looking)

Desire or passion to lead and inspire

Strong plan of action

Thus, it’s evident that Anna has wisdom of a sage and at the same time a king’s courage to

execute actions.

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