Anesthesia machine and equipment Q & A Part -I
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Transcript of Anesthesia machine and equipment Q & A Part -I
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ANAESTHESIA MACHINE AND EQUIPMENT
Q & A SESSION
Dr.R.SelvakumarProfessor Of AnaesthesiologyK.A.P.Viswanatham Govt medical college,TrichirapalliTamilnadu - India
PART -I
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1.NAME ANY TWO GASES THAT ARE MARKETED IN LIQUID FORM IN THE CYLINDERS TO THE O.T?
1.NITROUS OXIDE2.CO23.CYCLOPROPANE
Q-1
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Q-2
2. MENTION ANY 4 TESTS PERFORMED ON THE FINISHED CYLINDERS:
1. TENSILE TEST2. FLATTENING TEST3. IMPACT TEST4. BEND TEST5. HYDRAULIC TEST
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Q-3
3. WHAT IS THE COLOUR CODING OF MEDICAL AIR CYLINDER?
Ans. BLACK BODY , BLACK AND WHITE SHOULDER
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Q-4
4. WHAT IS THE PIN INDEX OF OXYGEN CYLINDER?
Ans: 2,5
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Q-5
5. WHAT IS THE SERVICE PRESSURE OF SMALL AND BULK OXYGEN CYLINDERS?
Ans: SAME … 1987 PSI / 137 bar
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Q-6
6.WHICH GAS HAS BEEN ALLOTTED TO THE PIN INDEXOF 3,4?
Ans: NONE
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Q-7
7. WHAT IS THE SERVICE PRESSURE OF N2O CYLINDER WHEN IT IS HALF FULL?
Ans: 750 PSI / 51 bar
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Q-8
8. WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF A CYLINDER?
• BODY• VALVE• PORT• STEM• NECK• SHOULDER• PRESSURE RELIEF
DEVICE
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Q-9
9. WHAT IS THE MATERIAL USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CYLINDERS?
Ans: MOLYBDENUM STEEL
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Q-10
10. WHICH MATERIAL IS USED TO CONSTRUCT THE CYLINDER OUTLET VALVES?
Ans: BRONZE / BRASS WITH NICKEL / CHROMIUM COATING
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Q-11
11.WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF CYLINDER VALVES?
1. FLUSH TYPE2. BULL NOSE
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FLUSH TYPE VALVEBULL NOSE TYPE
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Q-12
12.WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF CYLINDER VALVE AS PER THE INTERIOR DESIGN?
1. PACKED TYPE2. DIAPHRAGM TYPE
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PACKED TYPE DIAPHRAGM TYPE
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Q-13
13. WHERE IS WOODS METAL USED?
IT IS A FUSIBLE PLUG USED IN THE CYLINDERVALVE WHICH MELTS AT HIGH TEMPERATURETHEREBY PREVENTING EXPLOSION.
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FUSIBLE PLUG
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Q-14
14. WHAT IS BODOK SEAL ?
IT IS A NEOPRENE WASHER WITH ALUMINIUMEDGES WHICH IS USED TO PREVENT THE LEAKBETWEEN THE CYLINDER AND YOKE ASSEMBLY
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Q-15
15. WHAT IS THE COLOUR CODING OF ENTONOX CYLINDER?
BLUE BODYWHITE AND BLUE QUARTER ON THE SHOULDER
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ENTONOX CYLINDER
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Q-16
16. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY CRACKING THE CYLINDER ?
THE CYLINDER VALVE IS OPENED TO ATMOSPHEREBEFORE IT IS BEING FITTED TO THE YOKE TO CLEAR OFF THE DUST.
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Q-17
17. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY FILLING RATIO?
RATIO OF THE WEIGHT OF THE LIQUEFIABLE GAS INTRODUCED IN THE CYLINDER TO THE WEIGHT OF THE WATER THE CYLINDER WILL HOLD.
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Q-18
18. WHAT IS THE FILLING RATIO OF OXYGEN?
FILLING RATIO IS ONLY FOR THE LIQUEFIABLE GASES
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Q-19
19. WHAT IS THE DRIVING PRESSURE OF ANAESTHESIA VENTILATOR?
55 -60 PSI
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Q-20
20. AT WHICH TEMPERATURE, LIQUID OXYGEN SHOULD BE STORED?
BELOW - 184 c
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Q.21
21.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY “ZEOLITE”?
HYDRATED ALUMINIUM SILICATE OF THE ALKALINE EARTH METALS. IT SELECTIVELYABSORBS NITROGEN,LEAVING O2 . ITS BEING USED IN OXYGEN CONCENTRATOR.
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Q.22
22. WHAT IS THE SPECIFIC NAME OF THE QUICK COUPLERS?
SHRADDER VALVE AND PROBE
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Q.23
23. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY DISS ?
DIAMETER – INDEXED SAFETY SYSTEM : NON-INTERCHANGABLE,THREADED CONNECTION FOR MEDICALGAS PIPELINES.
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Q.24
24. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY LINK – 25 SYSTEM ?
OXYGEN PROPORTION LIMITING CONTROL DEVICE.IT ENSURES A MINIMUM % OF O2 TO BE DELIVERED AT 25% .
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Q.25
25. WHAT IS THE DISADVANTAGE OF LINK – 25 SYSTEM ?
• MECHANICAL DEVICE – SO WEAR & TEAR AFFECTS THE GEAR SYSTEM.• IF A 3RD GAS LIKE AIR IS GIVEN, THIS SYSTEM DOESN’T HAVE A CONTROL.
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Q.26
26.WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY SLAVE REGULATOR ?
THE OUTLET PRESSURE OF O2 PRESSURE REGULATOR CONTROLS THE OUTPUT FROM THE N2O REGULATOR. SINCE THE N2O REGULATORACTS AS A SLAVE TO THE PRIME O2 REGULATOR,IT IS CALLED THE SLAVE REGULATOR.
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Q.27
27. WHAT IS THE OUTLET PRESSURE FROM THE PRESSURE REGULATOR ?
50 PSI
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Q.28
28. WHAT IS THE PIPE LINE PRESSURE ? WHY IS IT KEPT SLIGHTLY HIGHER THAN THE CYLINDER OUTLET PRESSURE ?
60 PSI - TO MAKE IT TO BE USED PREFERENTIALLY OVER CYLINDERS.
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Q.29
29. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY PUMPING EFFECT ?
THE EXCESSIVE BACK PRESSURE CONDUCTED FROM SQUEEZING THE BAG CAUSES THE VAPORISEROUTPUT TO BECOME MORE THAN THE SET DIAL CONCENTRATION.
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Q.3030. IF THE OXYGEN FLOW METER SHOWSA 200 ml FLOW EVEN AFTER CLOSUREOF THE FLOW CONTROL VALVE.. WHATCOULD BE THE REASON?
MINIMUM MANDATORY FLOW
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Q.31
31. WHAT IS THE OPENING PRESSURE OF SAFETY RELIEF VALVE SITUATED JUST PRIOR TO COMMON GAS OUTLET?
200 CM OF H2O
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Q.32
32. WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF SCAVANGING SYSTEM ?
• ACTIVE• PASSIVE
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Q.33
33. WHAT IS THE PHYSICAL PRINCIPLE OF PRESSURE REGULATOR?
A LARGE FORCE ACTING ON A SMALL AREA ISBALANCED BY SMALL FORCE ACTING ON A LARGE AREA.
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Q.34
34. IN FLOW METERS, THE FLOW OF THE GAS AT LOW FLOW DEPENDS UPON WHICH FACTOR ?
VISCOSITY
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Q.35
35. WHICH LAW GOVERNS THE FLOW RATE THROUGH THE FLOW METER USING THE LAMINAR FLOW ?
HAGEN – POISEUITTE LAW
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Q.36
36. GIVE FOUR EXAMPLES OF VARIABLE ORIFICE FLOW METERS
• ROTAMETER• COXETER BOBBIN METER• HEIDBRINK METER• CONNEL METER
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Q.37
37. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF FIXED ORIFICE FLOW METER
BOURDON PRESSURE GAUGE METER
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Q.38
38. WHAT IS THE SPECIALITY OF O2 FLOW CONTROL KNOB IN THE FLOW METER ASSEMBLY ?
OXYGEN IS LARGE, FLUTED, PROJECTILE KNOB, WHITE IN COLOR
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Q.39
39. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE FLOW METER IN USE IN OUR BOYLES MACHINE ?
ROTAMETER
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Q.40
40. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE TUBE BEING USED IN ROTAMETER ? WHAT IS ITS SPECIALITY ?
THORPES TUBE – IT IS CONICAL IN SHAPE, TAPERED VERTICALLY WITH THE SMALLEST DIAMETER AT THE BOTTOM.
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Q.41
41. WHICH FACTOR DECIDES THE FLOW IN THE ROTAMETER WITH BALL TYPE FLOAT ?
DENSITY
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Q.42
42. WHAT ARE THE SAFETY FEATURES IN THE FLOW METER BANK ?
• O2 IN THE DOWN STREAM• COLOR AND TOUCH CODED FLOW CONTROL KNOBS• TRANSILLUMINANT BACK SCREEN• ROTATING BOBBIN• STOPS AT THE END OF THORPES TUBE• ORM C• LINK 25• MINIMUM MANDATORY OXYGEN FLOW
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Q.43
43. WHAT IS THE S.V.P OF DESFLURANE AT 20◦ C ?
664 MM OF HG
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Q.44
44. WHICH METAL IS USED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF VAPORISER?
COPPER
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Q.45
45. WHY COPPER IS SELECTED ?
• REASONABLE SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY• HIGH THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY• MALLEABLE
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Q.46
46. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY PLENUM VAPORISER ?
VAPORISER WITH BAFFLES WHICH REQUIRESPRESSURISED FRESH GAS FLOW .HIGH RESISTANCE VAPORISERS.
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Q.47
47. GIVE AN EXAMPLE FOR A MEASURED FLOW VAPORISER
COPPER KETTLE, DRAGER DIVA
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Q.48
48. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF BUBBLE THROUGH VAPORISER
COPPER KETTLE AND VERNITROL
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Q.49
49. WHAT IS THE MAIN DRAWBACK OF VIC VAPORISER?
THE DELIVERED CONCENTRATION OF THE VAPORISER MAY BE MORE THAN THE SET CONCENTRATION.
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Q.50
50. IN WHICH FLOW RATE, PUMPING EFFECT IS PREDOMINANT ?
LOW FRESH GAS FLOWS
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Q.51
51. HOW WILL YOU MINIMISE THE PUMPING EFFECT ?
1. INCREASING THE SIZE OF BYEPASS CHAMBER2. INCREASING THE LENGTH OF INLET TUBE INTO THE VAPORISER3. AVOIDING WICKS NEAR INLET TUBE
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Q.52
52. WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF DECREASING ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ON THE TEC SERIES VAPORISERS ?
THE VAPORISER OUTPUT WILL INCREASE AS THEOUTPUT IS CALCULATED IN VOLUME % BASED ON THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. BUT THE PARTIAL PRESSUREREMAINS THE SAME.
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Q.53
53. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY ANA CONDA ?
• ANAESTHETIC CONSERVING DEVICE• A HEAT AND MOISTURE EXCHANGER LIKE DEVICE WHERE LIQUID ANAESTHETIC IS DELIVERED BY A SYRINGE PUMP.
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Q.54
54. WHAT IS THE COMMON NAME FOR TRIMETHYLENE ?
CYCLOPROPANE
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Q.55
55. WHAT IS THE COLOR CODING OF CYCLOPROPANE CYLINDER ?
ORANGE
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Q.56
56. WHAT IS A “BELLAMY GARDENER BOTTLE” ?
ETHER DROPPER USED FOR SCHIMMELBUSCH MASH
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Q.57
57. EXPAND THE E.M.O VAPORISER ?
EPSTEIN – MCINTOSH – OXFORD VAPORISER
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Q.58
58. WHAT IS THE MATERIAL USED IN EMO VAPORISER FOR THERMO BUFFERING ?
WATER BATH
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Q.59
59. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE PLUNGER IN BOYLES ETHER VAPORISER ?
TO INCREASE THE OUTPUT CONCENTRATION, THE PLUNGER HAS TO BE DEPRESSED
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Q.60
60. FGF ENTERS NEAR THE PATIENT END IN MAPLESON C.
TRUE OR FALSE ?
TRUE
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Q.6161. FGF RUNS THROUGH THE OUTER TUBE AND EXPIRATION FLOWS THROUGH THE INNER TUBE.
TRUE OR FALSE ?
TRUE
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Q.62
62. WHAT IS FLOW RATE IN LOW FLOW ANAESTHESIA?
FGF 500 – 1000 ml/min ( up to 2 l/min )
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Q.63
63. WHAT IS THE CONCERN OF USING SEROFLURENE IN LOW FLOW ANAESTHESIA ?
ACCUMULATION OF COMPOUND-A & METHANOL IN THE CLOSED CIRCUIT.
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Q.64
64. WHICH FACE MASK IS RECOMMENDED FOR PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS ?
RENDELL-BAKER-SOUCEK MASKBECAUSE OF ITS LOW DEAD SPACE
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Q.65
65. WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF A LARYNGOSCOPE ?
HANDLE, BATTERY, HINGE, WEB, BASE, FLANGE, HEEL, SPATULA,BULB, TIP OR BEAK
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Q.66
66. NAME ANY 2 STRAIGHT BLADED LARYNGOSCOPE
• MILLER• WISCONSIN• FLAGG
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Q.6767. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF MURPHY’S EYE IN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE ?
IT ACTS AS AN ALTERNATE CHANNEL ,IF BEVEL IS BLOCKED.
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Q.68
68. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY “CE” MARKING ON THE ETT ?
CONFORMITE EUROPEENE
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Q.69
69. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY Z79 – IT ?
IMPLANTATION TESTED AS SUGGESTED BY Z79 TOXICITY SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUE SET UP IN 1968.
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Q.70
70. HOW IS THE FRENCH SIZE OF AN ETT IS CALCULATED?
EXTERNAL DIAMETER IN m.m X 3 WILL GIVE YOU THE FRENCH SIZING.
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Q.71
71. WHAT IS THE FORMULA USED TO CALCULATE THE SIZE OF ETT IN CHILDREN ?
AGE BELOW 6yrs – AGE IN ( YEARS/3 ) + 3.5ABOVE 6yrs – AGE IN ( YEARS/4 ) + 4.5
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THANK YOU
dr.r.selvakumar
Continued in part –II presentation